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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spontaneous splenic rupture as a complication of infectious mononucleosis was diagnosed in a 19-year-old woman. Sonographic and MRI investigations revealed subcapsular hematoma of the spleen without overt rupture. The patient was managed conservatively. Somatostatin treatment was initiated in order to reduce splanchnic blood flow. Further clinical course of the patient was favourable. Seven days after the diagnosis of splenic rupture the patient was discharged from hospital. Non-operative management should be considered in patients with subcapsular splenic rupture to avoid complications of splenectomy (e.g. post-splenectomy sepsis).
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PMID:Non-operative management in a case of spontaneous splenic rupture in infectious mononucleosis. 788 80

The diagnostic potential of Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) is well established in patients with suspicion for some life-threatening diseases as cardiogenic cerebral embolization, aortic dissection, intracardiac or thoracic masses, acute valvular dysfunction or sepsis of undetermined origin, which represent a relevant part in the activity of Intensive Care Units (ICU). Thus, an increasing role of TEE may be foreseen in this arena, also due to some of the known odds of ultrasound techniques compared to other imaging tools like CT scan or MRI (lower cost and beside availability). The aim of the present paper is to briefly review the main indications for TEE in ICU, and to report on some illustrative cases from our experience of I year in this field. Twenty-eight seriously-ill patients referred to our ICU between December 1991 and December 1992 were investigated for 1 of the following diagnostic problems: a) chest trauma with suspicion for aortic dissection and/or mediastinal bleeding; b) sepsis of undetermined origin; c) cerebral transient ischemic attack or stroke; d) assessment of cardiac function in potential heart donors. TEE was performed by means of commercially available instruments (either Hp Sonos 1500 or Esaote Sim 7000 Color Flow Mapping), with conventional monoplane probe or so-called wide-angle, "panoramic" probe, respectively. In most of the patients studied, TEE provided either unique or complementary, diagnostically useful, information. By panoramic approach, which yields imaging field up to 270 degrees, a comprehensive visualization of the heart, aorta and mediastinal structures was possible.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Transesophageal echocardiography in resuscitation. Indications and presentation of various clinical cases]. 820 47

The patient first noticed general muscle stiffness at the age of 36. Two years later, she suffered from a tonic-clonic seizure which brought her to a hospital for the first time. Choreoathetoid movement, ataxia and cognitive deficit were apparent. At the age of 44, tonic-clonic seizures became more frequent and she was admitted to our hospital as being status epilepticus. After the cessation of clinical seizures, she became appllic. Gradual increase of atrophic changes in cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem were observed by MRI and CT. Hematological study showed that she had abnormal hemoglobin, Hb Takamatsu. Four of her five children were clinically examined; all of them showed abnormal EEG findings; three being mentally retarded and had clinical generalized convulsive seizures; two had hemoglobinopathy (Hb Takamatsu). The patient died from sepsis at the age of 50 and the autopsy was carried out. The brain weighed 930 gram. Histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of dentato-rubro-pallido-luysian atrophy; neuronal loss accompanied by gliosis in dentate nuclei, red nuclei, lateral part of globus pallidus, and subthalamic nuclei. The coincidence of the hereditary traits of two independent diseases, DRPLA and familial hemoglobinopathy (Hb Takamatsu) suggests closeness of their genetic loci.
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PMID:[A familial case of DRPLA diagnosed by an autopsy associated with hemoglobinopathy (Hb Takamatsu)]. 825 33

Mycotic pseudoaneurysms of the ascending aorta are rare cardiovascular lesions that carry the risk of potentially disastrous complications such as aortic rupture or widespread sepsis. Regardless of its location in the arterial system, this lesion carries a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of mycotic pseudoaneurysm is paramount for optimizing the chances of surgical therapy. While imaging strategies of this lesion have included aortography, echocardiography, and computed tomography, the information gained from each of these individual studies may be acquired in a single MR imaging session. MRI offers the fundamental advantages of noninvasiveness, nonionization, and multiplanar imaging capabilities. Additionally, MRI provides excellent soft tissue contrast, a wide field of view, qualitative and quantitative flow analysis, and an independence of operator expertise or patient body habitus.
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PMID:Detection of mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta using MRI. 827 10

We used gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed MRI to investigate 67 patients with persistent pain after lumbar discectomy. Twenty-five patients had reoperations for lesions diagnosed in this way. Eleven were for recurrent disc prolapse at the same level and sciatica was relieved by all but one. Five operations were for prolapse at an adjacent level and all were successful. The diagnosis of sepsis was less precise, but extension of tissue enhancement into the operated disc space was found to be significant. Only three patients had evidence of arachnoiditis which suggests that this condition has been too often diagnosed as a cause of persisting low back pain.
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PMID:High-resolution MRI in the investigation of recurrent pain after lumbar discectomy. 833 Nov 3

Cerebrovascular disease may be secondary to various disorders including hypothyroidism, sepsis, neoplasia, hypertension, vascular malformation, and coagulopathy. Brain infarction or hemorrhage should be suspected in an animal with a sudden onset of a focal brain lesion. The recent availability of CT and MRI has improved our ability to diagnose cerebrovascular disease in animals. Treatment is directed at maintaining adequate oxygenation of the brain, controlling elevations of ICP, treating seizures, and identifying and treating any underlying disease. With appropriate care, many animals can recover.
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PMID:Cerebrovascular disease. 881 57

We report a case of histologically verified melanoma of the nose which presented 2 years after initial radiotherapy with left temporomandibular pain, dysfunction and dental sepsis. Conventional radiography revealed a partially dentate mandible with a destructive lesion involving the left condyle, an ill-defined lesion in the right retromolar region and chronic inflammatory apical root lesions. Since MRI of the nose was done at the initial presentation, it was postulated that MRI could be used to characterize the destructive jaw lesions. The MR features were similar to the original nasal lesion and accepted as proof of diagnosis of metastatic melanoma. A literature review reveals only 37 previous cases of metastasis to the temporomandibular joint with none of involvement by melanoma. The role of MRI in the diagnosis of this lesion is also described for the first time.
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PMID:Case report. Magnetic resonance features of metastatic melanoma of the temporomandibular joint and mandible. 916 Nov 85

Streptococcus agalactiae is a well-recognized cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. In adults, infections by S. agalactiae are rare. We report an adult case of lung abscess and pyogenic spondylitis caused by S. agalactiae. A 51-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow in the chest and lumbago on May 25, 1995. He was diagnosed as lung abscess from the chest roentgenogram and CT scan and the subcutaneous pus was aspirated. The pus culture was only positive for S. agalactiae. He was treated with IPM/CS 1 g/day and CLDM 1.2 g/day and the abscess was drained. MRI showed his lumbago was caused by pyogenic spondylitis. The underlying disease of this case was diabetes mellitus. He recovered from the infections with in about 10 weeks of antibiotic treatment.
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PMID:[Case report: lung abscess caused by Streptococcus agalactiae]. 939 64

Orbital infections account for the majority of primary intraorbital disease processes. Sinusitis is the most common etiology. Five stages of cellulitis secondary to sinusitis have been described. Systemic conditions which predispose to orbital infection include diabetes, septicemia, malignancy, and immunosuppresion. Clinical signs and symptoms include superficial inflammatory changes, as well as proptosis, limitation of extraocular motility, and visual loss. Causative agents are most commonly bacteria, with fungus, viruses, and parasites seen less frequently. Imaging is performed by CT and/or MRI which are complementary in certain cases. Differential diagnosis of imaging abnormalities includes inflammatory and granulomatous diseases, as well as neoplasm.
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PMID:Orbital infections. 941 61

A 62-year-old man developed clumsiness, vertical ophthalmoplegia, right-side dominant parkinsonism, pyramidal signs, limb-kinetic apraxia and dementia. His brain MRI and SPECT revealed mild fronto-parietal atrophy and hypoperfusion predominately on the right side. At the age of 65, the patient died of sepsis. The duration of his illness was approximately 3 years. Clinical diagnosis was corticobasal degeneration (CBD). On neuropathological examination, there was no neuronal loss and many neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the cerebral cortices. Basal ganglia and substantia nigra showed moderate to severe neuronal loss. And there were many NFTs and argyrophillic threads (threads) in the subthalamic nucleus and nuclei of the brainstem. These findings were almost compatible to those of PSP. However, the following findings were atypical for PSP, 1) mild atrophy and absence of gliosis in the tegmentum of the brain stem, 2) Mild neuronal loss in the subthalamic nucleus and the dentate nucleus without grumose degeneration. Furthermore, characteristic findings were noted on modified Gallyas-Braak stain. Numerous threads and many astrocytic plaques (AP) were shown in cerebral cortices, which were particular to CBD cases. So this case demonstrated neuropathological findings of both PSP and CBD. Therefore, it was difficult to classify this case as either PSP or CBD, and we diagnosed this case as a neuropathological overlapping case of both PSP and CBD.
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PMID:[A case manifested overlapping neuropathologic features of both progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD)]. 956 3


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