Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Treatment with type-specific IgG antibody to Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly increased rates of survival after experimental induction of pseudomonas pneumonia in leukopenic dogs. Longer survival times were correlated with higher titers of circulating antibody in serum; however, no animals treated with antibody alone were long-term survivors. Subsequent development of sepsis or the recovery of Pseudomonas from infected lung tissue was not altered by treatment with antibody. Therapy with granulocyte transfusions plus gentamicin was associated with a 27% rate of long-term survival. Passive immunization with IgG (reciprocal mean hemagglutination titer, 52) in addition to granulocyte transfusions and treatment with gentamicin resulted in a rate of long-term survival of 67% (P less than 0.05). Dogs that died while receiving this combination therapy still had a survival time significantly longer than those of controls or animals treated only with granulocytes and antibiotic.
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PMID:Experimental pneumonia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in leukopenic dogs: prolongation of survival by combined treatment with passive antibody to Pseudomonas and granulocyte transfusions. 40 42

Malignant external otitis is an infection which begins in the external auditory canal. It is uniformly caused by the Gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa organism and mainly affects elderly diabetics. It spreads to the soft tissues beneath the temporal bone and, if not properly treated leads to facial nerve palsy, mastoiditis, sepsis, osteomyelitis of the base of the skull, sigmoid sinus thrombosis, multiple cranial nerve palsies and death. Experience with 72 patients in varying stages of the disease is summarized. Stressed are the diagnostic criteria of nonresponsiveness to the usual methods of treatment, continued suppuration, and the continuing reformation of granulation tissue in the floor of the external auditory canal. Medical treatment is recommended with hospitalization and intravenous carbenicillin and gentamicin. Minor surgical debridement is helpful. All patients should be treated medically for as long as improvement continues, reserving surgical intervention only in the event a plateau is reached or symptoms and signs become worse under treatment. With or without a major surgical procedure, it is imperative to continue treatment for at least seven days after apparent cure in order to avoid recurrent disease possibly at a site distant from the canal.
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PMID:Malignant external otitis: further considerations. 40 26

Infections caused by gentamicin sulfate-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens have occurred in multiple areas of our hospitals and have caused serious clinical illness and death. Isolates of Pseudomonas organisms were sensitive to some alternative drugs including collstin sulfate, but isolates of Serratia organisms were often resistant to all commercially available parenteral antimicrobiais. All isolates were inhibited by amikacin sulfate, and 95% were killed by concentrations achievable in serum with recommended doses. Twenty patients with hospital-acquired infections, including ten with septicemia, were treated with amikacin. Eighteen of the 20 patients had a good clinical and bacteriologic response. Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity each occurred in one patient.
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PMID:Gentamicin-resistant bacillary infection. Clinical features and amikacin therapy. 41 74

Bacteremia following endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with impaired resistance even fatal septicemia has been reported. Transmission of pathogenic bacterias via endoscopes has been described. We could demonstrate a considerable high number of gramnegative bacteria obtained from biopsy channel of fiberendoscopes after conventionell cleaning of the instruments. In seven different endoscopy units we found high bacterial contamination of all 22 fiberendoscopes. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in concentrations up to 4 X 10(6)/ml was cultivated on the instruments including cleaning utilities (flasks etc., Table 1). The new apparatus we demonstrate here has the advantage of cleaning and disinfecting the endoscopes. One or two endoscopes are placed into a U-shaped pipe which is interconnected with a pumping system. In this automatic apparatus a disinfectant which recycles through all channels is used (Fig. 1). We investigated solutions of 2% glutardialdehyde, of 5% succindialdehyde respectively 1% peracetic acid. Disinfection of instruments was effective. No bacteria could be detected in material obtained from biopsy channels, HBsAg also could not be detected on the instruments after this procedure. The use of dialdehyde is recommended.
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PMID:[Automatic disinfection of fiberendoscopes (author's transl)]. 41 28

In order to determine the nature of infectious complications in hairy-cell leukemia we studied 20 consecutive patients seen at UCLA and analyzed the available literature. The incidence of serious infection in our series was 40%, and pneumonia and septicemia due to Pseudomonas and E. coli organisms were the leading types of infections. Fungal infections with Cryptococci and Histoplasma organisms were documented, and a single case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was observed. Noninfectious fever occurred in 30% of our patients. There was a clear relationship between fungal disease and corticosteroid therapy, and the overall incidence of infection was correlated with the degree of neutropenia and corticosteroid treatment. No relationship was found between age, duration of disease, or the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy and infectious complications. Of the 13 infectious episodes, 11 occurred in patients prior to splenectomy. Only two episodes were seen in splenectomized patients, both occurring in the immediate postoperative period. We conclude that splenectomy has a beneficial effect in reducing the incidence of infections in hairy-cell leukemia and that corticosteroids should be used cautiously, since they predispose to opportunistic infection in this disease.
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PMID:Infections in hairy-cell leukemia. 41 62

Ten severely burned (greater than 50% BSA) pediatric and young adult patients developed 19 episodes of clinical sepsis of four or more days duration. During eight of the 19 septic episodes the patients received granulocyte transfusions (median, four; range, two to seven). Risk variables, types and prevalence of infections, mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antibiotic regimens were similar for all the septic episodes studied. All eight episodes (100%) resolved in the transfused group while eight of 11 (72%) episodes resolved in the nontransfused group. Patients survived four episodes of ecthyma gangrenosum when granulocyte transfusions were used and the single episode in which they were not used was fatal. Granulocyte transfusions may be helpful in severely burned patients with sepsis.
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PMID:Granulocyte transfusions for patients with severe thermal burns. 41 32

Serum antibodies to exotoxin A and type-specific lipopolysaccharide were measured by passive hemagglutination in 52 patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia. Their comparative protective activities were evaluated by relating the titers of each at the onset of bacteremia to subsequent outcome. High acute serum antitoxin and antilipopolysaccharide titers (log2 reciprocal mean titers greater than 5) were associated with survival (76% of 17 with high vs. 46% of 24 with low antitoxin titers, P = 0.05; 85% of 13 with high vs. 48% of 29 with low antilipopolysaccharide titers, P = 0.03). In contrast, neither antibody titer was significantly associated (P less than or equal to 0.05) with patients' age or sex, severity of underlying disease, presence of leukopenia, steroid or immunosuppressive therapy. Despite a correlation between acute titers of the two antibodies (r = 0.33, P = 0.06), they appeared to protect independently and additively. Whereas 75% of 8 patients with high antitoxin titers and only 38% of 16 with low titers survived with low antilipopolysaccharide titers (P = 0.10), 100% (6/6), 73% (8/11), and 38% (6/16) survived, respectively, when both, one, or neither antibody was present in high titer (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the association between high acute serum antitoxin titers and survival was more pronounced in patients with rapidly fatal underlying disease (P = 0.06) and leukopenia (P = 0.12) than in more favorable prognostic and immune categories. These data indicate that serum antibodies to exotoxin A and lipopolysaccharide are found in most patients with P. aeruginosa septicemia and both are protective. Both antibodies may have therapeutic or prophylactic potential, whereas serum antiexotoxin A antibodies may be particularly beneficial in compromised hosts.
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PMID:Protective activity of antibodies to exotoxin A and lipopolysaccharide at the onset of Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia in man. 42 53

A patient with intestinal lymphoma developed a gram-negative septicemia 48 hours following a peroral biopsy of the small intestine. The bacteriological examination of the instrument proved the same bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) which was the cause of septicemia. On the basis of our observation and of other reports it seems reasonable besides gassterilization or effective disinfection of the instruments to carry out cultural examinations of the instrument before and following endoscopic and bioptic investigations of patients with impaired resistance; it would then be possible to start an appropriate antibiotic treatment in case of a septic complication.
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PMID:[Small bowel biopsy as a cause of pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia in a patient with intestinal lymphoma? (author's transl)]. 43 73

Three groups of extensive burn patients of the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) have been compared: Group I: twenty patients, who were treated locally without silver sulfadiazinate (1968-1970); Group II: the twenty first patients topically treated with silver sulfadiazinate (1970-1972); Group III: twenty similarly treated patients, with silver sulfadiazinate, six years later (1976-1977). The groups are statistically comparable. All bacteriological samples were computerized; the chi-square method was used for statistical analysis of the data. The main conclusions are: (A) Silver sulfadiazinate treatment reduced Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus sepsis. No change in Coliform bacilli sepsis was observed. After six years, a rise in Klebsiella sepsis and Candida sepsis was noted. (B) A quantitative estimate of infections in each group was made by measuring the percentage of positive samples, taking into account the five above-mentioned strains. In the beginning, silver sulfadiazinate reduced quantitative sepsis, but this benefit decreased after six years; the same evolution was demonstrated for positive blood bacteriology; severe septicaemia showed a parallel pattern.
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PMID:A ten-year retrospective study of sepsis in severely burned patients treated with or without silver sulfadiazinate. 45 85

During a 15-year period, 18 patients with major burns developed a wound infection due to Aspergillus. Ages averaged 28 years, extents of burn were 54% (14-97%) BSA for total surface involvement and 42% (14-85%) BSA for full-thickness injury. Pseudomonas sepsis preceded Aspergillus infection in 16 cases. Thirteen of the episodes occurred in three epidemics, each apparently related to contaminated air-conditioner ducts and filters. Treatment was based upon wound excision in all 18 patients, with recurrence initially in each. Topical and parenteral antifungal agents were never individually successful in controlling the infection. Whenever fungal sepsis involved an extremity alone and thus amputation could rid the body of the entire infected site, survival could then be achieved. The overall mortality rate was 78%. Protection of the wound from Aspergillus colonization appeared to be the only reliable method of preventing this often lethal fungus infection.
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PMID:Aspergillus infection of the burn wound. 49 Jun 91


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