Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of naturally occurring hemolytic streptococcus infection were detected in guinea-pigs which had been delivered from different sources to the Division of Animal Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, during the period from November, 1976, till February, 1977. The clinical manifestations of the infection were differentiated into two types; ie, the acute type with sepsis and pneumonia as main pathologic changes, and the chronic type with abscess formation of submaxillary lymph node. Streptococcus zooepidemicus was isolated from the conjunctiva of about 56% of these guinea-pigs. Healthy guinea-pigs housed with spontaneously infected ones in the same cage suffered from the infection, showing manifestation and pathologic changes similar to the spontaneous cases. Some of them, however, remained apparently healthy for about 2 months harboring the organisms in the conjunctiva or nasal cavity. It is presumed that such carriers become a source of the infection in nature.
 ...
PMID:[Three cases of hemolytic Streptococcus infection in guinea-pigs (author's transl)]. 66 16

Mediastinal sepsis following open heart surgery is a significant cause of death. Open drainage of the mediastinumalone was employed originally in management of this problem. More recently, debridement, drainage, and reclosure have been used. Various irrigation solutions, such as antibiotics and Betadine, have been advocated to control severe mediastinal sepsis. Three principles of management in patients unresponsiveness to the above techniques have proved successful in two patients with life-threatening mediastinal sepsis: (1) radical, complete excision of the sternum and adjacent costal cartilages; (2) transposition of the greater omentum on a vascular pedicle to the mediastinum; and (3) primary closure with full-thickness rotational skin flaps. The radical excision of the sternum removes residual foci of sepsis in cartilage and sternal bone marrow. The transposition of the omentum provides a highly vascular, rapidly granulating covering for the contaminated great vessels and hase been successfully to prevent recurrence of suture line bleeding of an exposed ascending aortic anastomosis site. Primary closure of the wound with full-thickness skin flaps provides a suprisingly satisfactory covering for the heart. Preoperative and postoperative measurements of ventilatory mechanics have shown relatively small ventilatory impairment after the alteration of the thoracic cage imposed by excision of the sternum. Two patients have returned to active lives. A treatment failure probably due to incomplete adherence to these guidelines also is presented.
 ...
PMID:Total excision of the sternum and thoracic pedicle transposition of the greater omentum; useful strategems in managing severe mediastinal infection following open heart surgery. 108 94

Revision hip arthroplasty in patients with massive acetabular bone deficiency has generally given poor long-term results. We report the use of an 'anti-protrusio cage', secured to the ischium and ilium, which bridges areas of acetabular bone loss, provides support for the acetabular socket, and allows pelvic bone grafting in an environment protected from excessive stress. Forty-two failed hip arthroplasties with massive acetabular bone loss were revised with the Burch-Schneider anti-protrusio cage and evaluated after two to 11 years (mean five years). There was failure due to sepsis in five hips (12%) and aseptic loosening in five (12%); the remaining 32 hips (76%) showed no evidence of acetabular component failure or loosening.
 ...
PMID:Revision arthroplasty using an anti-protrusio cage for massive acetabular bone deficiency. 152 19

Escherichia coli bacteremia was detected in a dog that had hypertrophic osteodystrophy. The dog improved after treatment with cephalothin sodium, iv fluid therapy, and cage rest. The cause of hypertrophic dystrophy has not been determined, although an infectious cause has been suggested. Dogs that are suspected of having hypertrophic osteodystrophy should be monitored closely for evidence of septicemia, and the administration of prophylactic antibiotics may be advisable.
 ...
PMID:Escherichia coli bacteremia associated with hypertrophic osteodystrophy in a dog. 175 68

Thrombotic obstruction is rare in bacterial endocarditis involving prosthetic heart valves. A 45-year-old man who had three intracardiac, ball-cage-type prosthetic valves, presented with streptococcal septicemia. Major obstruction of the tricuspid Smeloff-Cutter valve and normal function of the two other prostheses were documented by Doppler echocardiography. Emergency replacement of the tricuspid valve alone was decided on the one basis of this echocardiographic diagnosis, and successfully performed. Operative findings confirmed the noninvasive findings.
 ...
PMID:Late endocarditis-associated obstructive dysfunction of a tricuspid ball-cage-type valve. Doppler echocardiographic findings and therapeutic implications. 228 43

Rabbits were injected intraperitoneally with sterile saline or Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS; 50 or 500 micrograms/kg). Sixteen to 18 h later, the animals were anesthetized with ketamine and instrumented to permit measurement of mean arterial pressure, cardiac output (by thermodilution), and regional blood flow (using radioactive microspheres). The animals were allowed to waken fully in a plastic restraining cage prior to measuring systemic and regional hemodynamics. LPS had similar effects regardless of dose, and results from the two dosage groups have been combined. Compared to controls, administrations of LPS resulted in a 29.3% increase in cardiac output (P = .011) and a 22.8% decrease in systemic vascular resistance (P = .0009). Injection of LPS caused significant changes in blood flow to the heart (55.3% increase), small intestine (128.3% increase), portal vein (54.7% increase), and hepatic artery (65.0% decrease). The percentage of cardiac output perfusing the kidneys and hepatic artery was significantly decreased in the endotoxemic group (P = .037 and P = .002, respectively). Injecting LPS resulted in increased relative flow to the heart (P = .024), small intestine (P = .049), and portal vein (P = .041). We conclude that this model reproduces several of the systemic hemodynamic features of the sepsis syndrome in humans. In this model, the hyperdynamic state is associated with vasodilatation in mesenteric (small intestine and colon) and coronary beds and vasoconstriction in the hepatic artery.
 ...
PMID:Systemic and regional hemodynamic changes after intraperitoneal endotoxin in rabbits: development of a new model of the clinical syndrome of hyperdynamic sepsis. 330 Oct 51

Two infants with clinical and radiologic features of metatropic dwarfism presented in the neonatal period with episodes of cyanosis. Diagnostic studies to determine the etiology of these spells, including electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, arterial blood gases, and metabolic and sepsis studies, were unremarkable. Chest roentgenograms revealed the characteristic long, narrow thoracic cage with no evidence of parenchymal disease. Cervical spine stability evaluation, pulmonary function studies, and chest impedance monitoring with qualitative air flow thermistor studies and transcutaneous oxygen monitoring were carried out. Both patients demonstrated a significant increase in resistance of the respiratory system following passive maneuvering of the head from a neutral position, suggestive of hypopharyngeal air flow obstruction. Obstructive sleep apnea resulting in cyanosis was documented in both patients. All other studies failed to yield a cause for the episodes of cyanosis. Our investigation failed to alter the clinical course which resulted in respiratory arrest and death by 7 months of age. A table is presented for the differentiation of skeletal dysplasias presenting in the perinatal period.
 ...
PMID:Respiratory complications of metatropic dwarfism. 401 1

Sepsis/septic shock and multiple organ failure are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Our objective was to study sepsis and organ failure in a fluid-resuscitated septic model. Males S-D rats were anesthetized with halothane, the jugular vein catheterized, and CLP performed. Each rat was maintained in a metabolism cage on continuous intravenous fluid (3 mL/rat). Urine rate and [creatinine]urine were measured daily. At day 5, serum creatinine with chemistry profile, complete blood count, clotting times, and wet lung/body weight ratios were also measured. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured according to the principle of endogenous creatinine clearance. GFR was correlated with the product of urine rate x [creatinine]urine (R = .79), so that product was used as a daily indicator of GFR. Urine output remained > or = normal during sepsis. Heparin and antithrombin III were tested in this model. The model was associated with 40% mortality, a 60% reduction in platelet count, liver damage, a 75% reduction in renal function, muscle damage, and a normal wet lung/body weight ratio. Treatment with heparin/antithrombin III ameliorated the decrease in GFR (p < .05) observed in the nontreated animals, prevented the septic-induced thrombocytopenia (p < .05), and improved survival (p = .05).
 ...
PMID:The efficacy of heparin and antithrombin III in fluid-resuscitated cecal ligation and puncture. 774 74

A five-year-old boy with deforming and destructive invasion of pulmonary aspergillosis to the thoracic cage was diagnosed as having chronic granulomatous disease. Conventional antifungal therapy failed in this patient. Prednisolone therapy was added and rapidly improved the general condition of patient but deterioration had already been very rapid. The failure of systemic therapy prompted us to give amphotericin B locally to the granulomatous lesions through the bronchocutaneous fistula. This application yielded a good clinical response with closure of fistula. Despite this improvement the patient died from septicemia. We believe that systemic prednisolone treatment is useless in such cases, but local application of amphotericin B into the granulomatous lesions together with systemic therapy during the earlier stages of infection can contribute to a change in prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in chronic granulomatous disease: response to systemic prednisolone treatment and locally applied amphotericin B. 782 43

Limb-length discrepancy is a relatively common problem in children. Limb lengthening has traditionally been indicated for projected or actual length discrepancies exceeding 5 cm. Rapid distraction methods of limb lengthening, introduced by Codivilla and popularized by Wagner, have had unacceptably high complication rates. Gradual incremental distraction methods have resulted in improved bone genesis, yet the problems of soft-tissue contracture and decreased joint range of motion have not been solved. A pilot canine study was undertaken to prove the hypothesis that extended limb lengthening can result in injury to articular cartilage. Seven mature beagles underwent application of a transosseous circular fixator to their right femora and a periosteal-sparing osteotomy of the distal right femora. Distraction to a 30% increase over initial femoral length was performed at a rate of 0.75 mm daily in three increments in six dogs. One dog served as a sham-operated control. Free cage activity was allowed postoperatively. At the conclusion of lengthening, experimental and contralateral knee joints were harvested. They were assessed grossly, decalcified, and sectioned sagittally through the femoral and tibial condylar contact surfaces. All sections were stained with safranin-O and assessed histologically. One dog was eliminated from the study because of pin-site sepsis. The five animals who completed lengthening demonstrated gross cartilage fibrillation. Loss of proteoglycan staining was seen in three animals and frank cartilage necrosis in two. The control limbs and sham-operated limb demonstrated no gross or microscopic abnormalities. These findings confirm direct evidence of cartilage injury during limb lengthening.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The effect of limb lengthening on articular cartilage. An experimental study. 815 99


1 2 3 4 Next >>