Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficiency of vancomycin hydrochloride in the treatment of septicemia due to polyresistant aureus staphylococcus is illustrated by the observation of a patient affected with a necrotic and hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis and post-operative septicemic syndrome, which has been cured after a one-month treatment with a daily dose of two grammes. The vancomycin hydrochloride, because of its potential toxicity on the kidneys and cochlea should be reserved to the treatment of major staphylococcic infections. It could be prescribed either alone or in association, with a mean daily dose of 30 milligrammes a kilo, slowly administered by intravenous way. The side effects are prevented by adjusting the doses in case of renal insufficiency and by controlling the serous concentrations in case of a long continued treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Septicemia due to polyresistant Staphylococcus aureus (author's transl)]. 625 90

There is little uniformity in either the indications for operation, the classification of the pathology or the operative management of generalized or faecal peritonitis secondary to perforated diverticular disease. Nevertheless, this review has shown a clear advantage both in terms of immediate mortality and morbidity for primary resection over conservative operations in which the colon is retained in the abdomen. We propose that, when a clinical diagnosis of localized sepsis secondary to diverticular disease is made, the management should be nonoperative with systemic antibiotics and supportive therapy. Operation should be reserved for those patients with obvious generalized peritonitis or failure of conservative treatment. When operation is necessary the affected sigmoid loop should be resected and the operation completed as a Hartmann's procedure in all but the most favourable circumstances when a primary anastomosis may be considered after on-table irrigation of the colon.
 ...
PMID:Emergency surgery for diverticular disease complicated by generalized and faecal peritonitis: a review. 638 23

Infections due to Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides in immuno-compromised hosts have been well documented, but the role of these organisms in causing gastrointestinal disease in healthy persons is controversial. Despite difficulties in characterizing the exotoxins produced by Aeromonas species, there is accumulating evidence that these bacteria are capable of causing usually mild, self-limited diarrheal disease in previously healthy adults. Some pediatric patients may have protracted dysenteric symptoms. P. shigelloides, an organism closely related to Aeromonas species, may also cause diarrhea in the healthy host, but no exotoxins have yet been identified by the assays used to identify other bacterial enterotoxins. Replacement of fluid and electrolytes is the basis of treatment, and antimicrobial agents should be reserved for patients with chronic or serious illness, or for those at particular risk of serious illness (hepatobiliary disease, septicemia, neoplasms).
 ...
PMID:Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides as causes of intestinal infections. 639 Jun 38

The effect of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) as sole therapy was studied in 30 consecutive cases of complicated Crohn's disease. After insertion of a Broviac-type central venous catheter patients were nourished parenterally for 3 weeks in the hospital and then for an additional 9 weeks at home. During this time no medication or oral intake was allowed. Surgery was avoided in 25 patients by TPN. These patients returned to work, ate normal meals and needed no medical support. In 5 cases it was not possible to control the acute disease and the patients were treated by resection. During TPN, catheter-related sepsis occurred in 3 patients (0.9 cases/1000 days TPN) and catheter embolism in 2. Four other patients developed intrahepatic cholestasis. A relapse of Crohn's disease was observed in 17 cases 3-48 months after the course of TPN. The cumulative recurrence rate is 60 per cent after 2 years and 85 per cent after 4 years. Compared with the results of resection, obtained from a 10-year period before TPN was instituted at our hospital, the cumulative recurrence rate after TPN is four times higher. It is concluded that TPN is not an alternative to resection in the treatment of Crohn's disease and should be reserved for patients with multifocal lesions, when surgery is not advisable because of the risk of a short bowel syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Total parenteral nutrition as the sole therapy in Crohn's disease--a prospective study. 640 50

Two complications of herniography are presented: a hematoma of bowel causing intestinal obstruction, and a cellulitis of the abdominal wall causing septicemia. A technical error probably caused the hematoma and gastroenteritis played a role in the cellulitis. We have now narrowed our indications for herniography. We think it should be reserved for more difficult diagnostic problems such as recurrent inguinal hernia, recurrent hydrocele or eventration of the diaphragm.
 ...
PMID:Hematoma of bowel and cellulitis of the abdominal wall complicating herniography. 644 64

The peritoneovenous shunt (PVS) is preferred over other treatment modalities in the treatment of the cirrhotic patient who has intractable ascites. The favorable effects on nutrition, pulmonary, and renal function, in addition to prompt control of ascites, frequently overshadow potentially life-threatening complications. We summarized our experience with the PVS in 70 patients with portal hypertension at Emory University, Atlanta, and identified the perioperative complications and operative mortalities. Late complications of sepsis and variceal hemorrhage were frequent and often were fatal. Of the multiple preoperative clinical and laboratory determinants, only the serum bilirubin level (greater than or equal to 3 mg/dL) was predictive of the operative mortality and longevity of survivors. The PVS should be reserved for patients with disabling, truly refractory ascites.
 ...
PMID:Peritoneovenous shunts. Lessons learned from an eight-year experience with 70 patients. 647 96

Six patients with polyposis coli and five with chronic ulcerative colitis underwent total colectomy and mucosal proctectomy with preservation of the anal sphincter and levator ani muscle. An ileal reservoir, constructed from the terminal ileum, is brought out through the anal sphincter for anastomosis to to the anus at the dentate line. Two patients in the series had a three-limb reservoir with anastomosis of a short efferent ileal limb to the anus (Parks technique). Nine patients had a two-limb J-shaped reservoir with the apex of the reservoir anastomosed to the anus (Utsunomiya technique). All patients had a temporary defunctioning ileostomy. There were no deaths. Two patients suffered from severe infection within the rectal muscle cuff. One resolved completely with spontaneous drainage into the reservoir; the other had continuing sepsis and eventually required excision of the anus and conversion to a continent ileostomy. All patients remain in good general condition with no disturbance of urinary or sexual function. Continence is satisfactory in all patients but two wear a pad at night. All evacuate their reservoirs spontaneously: none requires the use of a catheter. For most patients stool frequency varies from four to eight times daily but two patients have more frequent bowel motions. Colitis patients have more frequent bowel activity than those with polyposis. Three patients take Imodium tablets to lessen bowel frequency. The operation should be reserved for specialized centres and is still under trial; however, it appears likely to become the operation of choice for all patients with polyposis coli and for many patients with chronic ulcerative colitis.
 ...
PMID:Proctocolectomy without ileostomy: ileo-anal anastomosis with an ileal reservoir. 658 43

In the past 3 years, percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) was performed for 24 abdominal and retroperitoneal abscesses while open surgical drainage (OSD) was used for treatment of 24 similar abscesses at the affiliated hospitals of UMDNJ-Rutgers Medical School. Although the method of treatment was arbitrarily selected by the attending physician, the two groups were similar with respect to abscess location, underlying illnesses, and previous operations. In the PCD group, 17 of 24 abscesses developed after operations versus 16 of 24 in the OSD group. Location of abscesses were: PCD group: abdominal (9), renal (5), pelvic (4), subphrenic (3), hepatic (2), pancreatic (1); OSD group: abdominal (10), renal (4), subphrenic (4), pelvic (3), hepatic (2), pancreatic (1). With PCD, the abscesses were localized by ultrasound or computerized tomography scan; a 20- or 22-gauge needle passed into the cavity, followed by progressively larger guide wires, dilators, and catheters; the pus evacuated; and abscess cavity thoroughly irrigated with sterile saline. Percutaneous catheter drainage was successful in 22 of 24 cases. There were two inconsequential complications. The mean post-PCD hospital stay was 11.7 days. With OSD, five patients developed major complications, including three deaths from sepsis. The mean post-OSD stay for surviving patients was 21.2 days. The advantages of PCD versus OSD are: 1) precise noninvasive localization of abscesses, 2) avoidance of general anesthesia, 3) avoidance of major complications, and 4) shorter postdrainage hospital stay. Open surgical drainage should be reserved for cases where PCD fails to control sepsis, close fistulae, or when noninvasive scanning either fails to demonstrate a discrete abscess in the face of intra-abdominal sepsis or identifies an abscess that cannot be percutaneously drained without traversing the bowel.
 ...
PMID:Percutaneous catheter versus open surgical drainage in the treatment of abdominal abscesses. 670 14

Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) was completed in 30 of 34 attempts (88.2%). Sixteen patients are alive with functioning stents one to 14 months following insertion of the catheters. Eight patients died with functioning stents two weeks to four months following placement. Six stents were replaced due to sepsis or rising bilirubin one to eight months following initial insertion. The only immediate complication was sepsis, which developed in one patient. Since ERBD circumvents many of the complications associated with percutaneous transhepatic drainage, it has replaced this technique in our institution as the primary non-operative modality for biliary decompression. Percutaneous transhepatic drainage is now reserved for ERBD failures.
 ...
PMID:Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage. 673 99

In 29 children wih symptoms and signs as well as laboratory and radiographic findings consistent with intervertebral discitis, the syndrome appeared to be a manifestation of both infectious and noninfectious inflammatory processes. When systemic sepsis is present, antibiotic therapy is indicated. In the absence of fever and leukocytosis, plaster cast immobilization should suffice. Craig needle aspiration and/or open biopsy are not routinely required, but should be reserved for those patients who fail to respond to routine treatment in whom tuberculosis is suspected.
 ...
PMID:Intervertebral discitis in children and adolescents. 706 29


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>