Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma from eight newborns (4 pre-term and 4 full-term) with early-onset (< 72 h) sepsis and six apparently healthy controls was analyzed. The presence of spots identified as haptoglobin and serum amyloid A protein was the electrophoretic result most consistently associated with disease. Time course monitoring showed rises, peaks and declines of spot intensity as expected for acute-phase proteins induced by transient stimuli. Haptoglobin beta chains appear to be undersialated in pre-term newborns, whereas post-translational modifications of alpha chains and serum amyloid A protein are similar to those observed in adults. The undersialation of beta chain and occurrence of alpha chain phenotypes different from those found in maternal serum indicate that perinatal haptoglobin originates from neonatal synthesis.
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PMID:Acute-phase proteins in perinatal human plasma. 915 Sep 35

In patients with inflammatory conditions such as infection, cytokines induce the production of C-reactive protein(CRP) and serum amyloid A protein(SAA) in hepatic cells. It has been reported that upon viral infection, the serum SAA level increases by a greater degree than the serum CRP level. Procalcitonin (PCT), the precursor of calcitonin, is a new type of inflammatory marker that is specifically induced by bacterial infection, sepsis and lethal multiple organ failure, but not by viral infection, autoimmune diseases, tumors or surgical stress. To evaluate the immunoluminometric assay(LUMI test PCT; Brahms Diagnostics, Berlin, Germany) procedure for determining the PCT level and to study the clinical significance of the serum PCT level, we determined the serum levels of PCT, CRP and SAA in patients with various inflammatory diseases and normal subjects. The serum PCT level in the normal subjects was < 0.3 ng/ml. Among the patients with inflammatory disease who had a high CRP level(CRP > 20000 micrograms/dl), the PCT level was elevated only in those patients with severe bacterial infection. These results suggest that determining the PCT level may be useful in the differential diagnosis of severe bacterial infection. The patients who had a low CRP level(CRP < 150 micrograms/dl), had a PCT level within the normal range. The patients with autoimmune disease, viral infection, and fungal infection did not have an elevated PCT level.
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PMID:[Assay for determination of the serum procalcitonin level: biochemical and clinical evaluation]. 1121 85

The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in blood are increased in patients with inflammatory diseases as acute phase proteins. Most of the presently used indicators of inflammation, such as body temperature, white cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate or CRP, are non-specific parameters. In contrast, procalcitonin (PCT) has been reported to be selectively induced by severe bacterial infection during the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and also in sepsis or multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. PCT expression is only slightly induced, if at all, by viral infections, autoimmune disorders, neoplastic diseases and trauma of surgical intervention. We measured the concentrations of CRP, SAA and PCT in the sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 30 patients with bacterial, viral, or mycotic meningitis, and 12 patients with a noninflammatory central nervous system disease as controls. An extremely high CRP level in CSF of above 100 microg/L was seen in all seven bacterial meningitis patients and in only 10% of the viral meningitis patients. A high SAA level in CSF of greater than 10 microg/L was observed in all of the bacterial meningitis and mycotic meningitis patients, and in 95% of the viral meningitis patients. Among those with bacterial meningitis, the serum PCT level was more elevated in those with more serious bacterial meningitis. The PCT level in the CSF did not significantly differ among the patients with the three types of meningitis. However, the serum PCT level was very high above 0.1 microg/L in all seven bacterial meningitis patients, especially in the clinically serious cases.
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PMID:Levels of three inflammation markers, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein and procalcitonin, in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningitis. 1176 15

The aim of this study was to assess whether measurements of serum amyloid A protein (SAA) could provide additional information on the severity of acute infection beyond that obtained from C-reactive protein (CRP) assays. The SAA and CRP concentrations were analysed from the sera of 334 children hospitalized for suspected pneumonia, meningitis or sepsis. SAA significantly correlated with CRP (r = 0.682, p < 0.001) and did not alone provide any further clinically useful information. By contrast, the median ratio (and interquartile range) of SAA to CRP varied significantly between clinical conditions of different severity and was significantly lower in the patients who died [1.9 (0.0-8.9)] than in those who survived [6.8 (3.2-13.6)] (p = 0.001).
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PMID:Correlation between the severity of infectious diseases in children and the ratio of serum amyloid A protein and C-reactive protein. 1451 49

Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in blood are increased as acute phase proteins in patients with inflammatory conditions. Most of the currently used inflammatory markers, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and CRP or SAA levels, are non-specific parameters. By contrast, procalcitonin (PCT) has been reported to be selectively induced by severe infection in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and also in sepsis or multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. PCT expression is induced only slightly, if at all, by viral infections, autoimmune disorders, neoplastic disorders and trauma arising from surgical intervention. Serum PCT and SAA levels were compared in 93 patients with a CRP concentration higher than 100 mg/L and in 26 patients with a CRP concentration lower than 1.5 mg/L. In patients with high levels of CRP, all patients with sepsis and severe bacterial infection showed a significantly increased PCT concentration of more than 1.0 microg/L and it was possible to differentiate between the patients with neoplastic disorders and those with other inflammatory diseases. In patients with low levels of CRP, the PCT concentration was less than 0.3 microg/L and an increased PCT level was not seen in patients with autoimmune disorders or viral and fungal infections. These results suggest that determining the serum PCT level may be useful in the differential diagnosis of severe infection.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of the measurement of serum procalcitonin: comparative study of procalcitonin and serum amyloid A protein in patients with high and low concentrations of serum C-reactive protein. 1527 11

A 30-year-old HIV-infected intravenous drug user presented with sepsis, acute renal failure, oedema, proteinuria and iron deficiency anaemia. After extensive investigation, a diagnosis of reactive systemic AA (amyloid, serum amyloid A protein) amyloidosis was made on the basis of renal, gastric and duodenal biopsies.
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PMID:Renal and gastrointestinal amyloidosis in an HIV-infected injection drug user. 1752 3

There are no treatment modalities, which were proven to prevent the deposition of amyloid, proteinuria, and loss of renal function due to amyloidosis. Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents (anti-TNFs) were shown to decrease the production of serum amyloid A protein.We aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of anti-TNFs in secondary (AA) amyloidosis patients treated in a single center.Thirty-seven patients with AA amyloidosis were started an anti-TNF for AA amyloidosis between March 2001 and June 2008 and followed until May 2016 unless deceased. They were surveyed for the endpoints of death, development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), switch to another agent due to worsening of amyloidosis and adverse events.Among the 37 patients, 12 (32%) had died, 9 (24%) had ESRD, and 8 (22%) had started another group of biologic due to worsening of amyloidosis indicated by an increase in proteinuria, 5 (14%) patients are still doing well with anti-TNFs, and 3 (8%) are off treatment at the end of a median follow-up of 10 (interquartile range [IQR]: 5.5-10.5) years since the start of anti-TNFs and 10 (IQR: 8-13) years since the diagnosis of AA amyloidosis. Most common serious adverse events were sepsis and thrombotic events observed in 8 and 4 patients, respectively.Treatment with anti-TNFs may be associated with a higher survival rate compared with historic cohorts of AA amyloidosis, especially when started early with a lower serum creatinine level at baseline. Caution is needed regarding serious adverse events, especially infections.
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PMID:Long-term follow-up of secondary amyloidosis patients treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitor therapy: A STROBE-compliant observational study. 2883 98