Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 73-year-old male was admitted to our hospital in October 1987 because of severe anemia, anorexia, and loss of weight. The hemoglobin level was 5.7 g/dl, the white blood cell count 2,500/microliters with 5% myeloblasts positive for peroxidase, and the platelet count 8.6 x 10(4)/microliters. The LDH was 656 mU/ml, the total protein in the serum 7.4 g/dl, IgG 419 mg/dl, IgA 104 mg/dl, IgM 10 mg/dl, and urine Bence Jones (BJ) protein 8.8 g/day. The X-ray survey of the bones showed multiple osteolytic lesions. A bone marrow aspirate was hypercellular with 91.4% plasma cells, and was cultured a whole day for chromosome study. It revealed an abnormal karyotype of 46, XY, -15, t(6; 14) (p21.1; q32.3), +der(15)t(1; 15) (q23; q24). Immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated lambda type BJ protein. He was treated with melphalan and prednisolone. Proteinuria and marrow plasma cells decreased in amount. In December a white cell count was 6,030/microliters with 80% myeloblasts. A bone marrow aspirate revealed an increase of 82.6% myeloblasts or promyelocytes. The patient was refractory to chemotherapy and died of sepsis in April 1988. An unrelated abnormal karyotype; 48, XY, +8, +13 appeared concomitant with an increase of the leukemic cells, but no cells showed the t(6; 14). We cytogenetically discussed the simultaneous presence of multiple myeloma with acute myelogenous leukemia.
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PMID:[Acute myelogenous leukemia (M2) simultaneously associated with multiple myeloma with special reference to chromosome abnormality of t(6; 14) (p21.1; q32.3)]. 236 41

A 1-year-old boy who had had recurrent episodes of sepsis was found to have transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy and was treated with gammaglobulin supplements. He subsequently remained IgA deficient and a regulatory T cell imbalance was found.
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PMID:Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy with severe bacterial infections and persistent IgA deficiency. 242 77

The introduction of preparations of immune serum globulin that are safe for intravenous use (IVIG) has made possible safe and effective prophylactic treatment for patients with a variety of humoral immunodeficiencies. These include not only primary agammaglobulinemia and common variable hypogammaglobulinemia but also the antibody deficiencies that accompany chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma, as well as the hypogamma-globulinemia found in very low birth weight newborns who have not received adequate transplacental IgG from their mothers. In contrast, trials to date have not shown efficacy of IVIG in preventing sepsis in burn patients. The ease of administration and efficacy of IVIG in preventing respiratory symptoms in hypogammaglobulinemic patients has suggested that many other patients presenting with sinusitis and asthma, recurrent bronchitis, and other chronic chest symptoms might also benefit from IVIG and that they should be worked up for IgG subclass or specific antibody deficiencies. Side effects of IVIG administration are generally minor and may be prevented by slow administration and/or pretreatment with aspirin or Benadryl. The only contraindication to IVIG treatment is anaphylactic sensitivity to IgA, which is extremely rare. IVIG is thus an effective and safe form of prophylaxis that can reduce the incidence of pneumonia and other respiratory infections in patients with antibody deficiency as a predisposing factor.
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PMID:Role of gamma globulin. 251 39

The authors describe the peripheral blood analyses in patients splenectomized for trauma in consideration on the concentration of the immunoglobulins total complement CH50 levels, T and B lymphocyte populations and compare this with the control group. The levels of the IgM were significantly decreased (p0.001) in splenectomised while the levels of the IgA and IgG were significantly increased (for IgA - p0.001, for IgG p0.01). Total lymphocyte count averaged 54501999 in splenectomized, with number of T cells 2463930 and B lymphocyte 460236. The control group showed total lymphocyte count 460236. The control group showed total lymphocyte count 520235 (p0.001) with number of T cells 314147 (p0.001) and number of B cells 7434 (p0.001), what is significantly less than in splenectomized population. The level of total complement CH50 in splenectomized population was 11216 (p0.01), what is significantly less than in the control group 12515. These data demonstrate persistent abnormalities in immune function and suggest a possible explantation for the increased rizu of sepsis in this group of patients.
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PMID:[Permanent decrease in immune function in patients with splenectomy for trauma]. 261 16

Five congenital agammaglobulinemic (CA) boys, started their recurrent bacterial infections between the ages of 3-18 months, presenting otitis (4), pneumonias (4), chronic diarrhea (4), meningitis (2), septicemia (2), septic arthritis (1) and urinary infection (1). The gamma globulin fraction was below 0.08 mg/dL in all patients. IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE levels were always below 50 mg/dL, 2 mg/dL, 35 mg/dL and 20 IU/mL, respectively. Secretory IgA was non-detectable in all patients. Total complement levels were normal (3) and the C3 fraction was elevated in 4 patients. The in vitro response of peripheral lymphocytes to PHA was normal in 4 patients, as well as the number of OKT3, OKT4 and OKT8 cells (2).
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PMID:[Congenital agammaglobulinemia: study of 5 cases]. 265 56

The severity of major surgery determines the extent of immunodeficiency which follows. The most pronounced immunodepression is found after severe blunt trauma; in polytraumatized patients the alterations of many measured parameters correlate with the injury severity score (ISS) i.e. with the severity of the injuries. Infection is also followed by many changes in the immune response. A score including serum concentrations of IgA, beta 2-microglobulin and percentage of monocytes was found to be predictive for the first 3 days after trauma with regard to subsequent occurrence of infection. In the first post-trauma day the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio correlates with the probability of survival or death by infection. Pneumonia occurred in 47% and septicemia in 22% of 150 polytraumatized patients ventilated artificially for more than 24 hours. The first signs of these infections were already present during the first 5 days, i.e. in the period of the most severe immunodeficiency. The preliminary results of a pilot study with immunomodulation by thymopentin are encouraging and show a significant decrease in the frequency of infections.
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PMID:[Immunologic changes and infection in severely injured patients]. 265 71

Functional properties of rat immunoglobulins obtained from hybridoma isotype switch variants were studied in vivo in a rat model for neonatal bacterial sepsis. Escherichia coli 018:K1, a common cause of human neonatal sepsis and meningitis, was injected intravenously into 6-day-old rats after incubation with 018-specific antibodies IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG2c, IgE and IgA. The clearance of bacteria treated with saline or IgE was low, whereas monoclonal antibodies of other isotypes triggered hepatic sequestration and killing of the K1 E. coli cells. All four IgG subclasses were more efficient than IgM and IgA. Comparable results were obtained upon injecting antibodies into rats with an established fulminating bacteraemia. IgM was inactive in animals depleted of complement with cobra-venom factor (CVF), whereas IgG2b was able to trigger hepatic clearance independently of complement.
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PMID:Use of hybridoma immunoglobulin switch variants in the analysis of the protective properties of anti-lipopolysaccharide antibodies in Escherichia coli K1 infection. 268 Sep 11

A 43 year old woman was admitted to our hospital in April 1987 due to shortness of breath and pedal edema. She had a history of sepsis associated with the crisis of hyperthyroidism 15 years prior to the admission. Physical examination revealed a badly nourished with ascites: weight was 56 kg and height 156 cm. The heart sounds were distant with mild holosystoric murmur (grade I/VI) at xiphoisternum. The chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly (CTR: 72.3%) with pleural effusion. The electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation, low voltage and right ventriculer hypertrophy. The echocardiogram showed marked dilatation of right atrium and ventricle with very short septal leaflet of tricuspid valve. The anterior and posterior leaflets were undetected. The tricuspid regurgitant doppler signal was recorded up to hepatic vein. No other abnormalities were noted in other valves. The white cell count was 4900 with lymphocytopenia (26%; T-cell 82%, B-cell 13%). Serum total protein was reduced to 3.4 g/dl with albumin 1.64 g/dl. Immunoelectrophoresis showed normal IgG, IgA and IgM. Proteinuria was not recognized. Fecal excretion of polyvinylpyrrolidone-131I (PVP) was elevated to 2.8%, The systolic pressure in pulmonary artery, right ventricle, right atrium, superior and inferior vena cave were almost equal as 26 mmHg. The pulmonary arterial scintigraphy disclosed multiple peripheral defects in both lungs. Two weeks after the operation of tricuspid valve replacement based on the diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy due to isolated tricuspid regurgitation, serum total protein and albumin were normalized to 6.8 g/dl and 3.6 g/dl respectively, but the lymphocytopenia was persistent. She become very well, with free of ascites and edema.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of isolated tricuspid regurgitation associated with protein-losing gastroenteropathy]. 273 14

Severe thermal injury is associated with bacterial sepsis; the intestine is considered a likely source of invasive organisms. Because IgA antibody in bile accounts for much of the specific immune defense of the upper intestinal tract in the rat, the effect of thermal injury on the quantity of IgA protein in bile was examined. Sprague-Dawley rats received a 20% to 30% body surface area burn under anesthesia. Eighteen hours later the common bile duct was cannulated and bile was collected for three hours. Total IgA protein in bile decreased 90% after thermal injury. The bile volume, the concentration of bile protein, and free secretory component did not change significantly. Although blood flow to the liver 18 hours after thermal injury was not changed, there was a significant reduction in total IgA concentration in the circulation; both monomeric (m-IgA) and polymeric IgA (p-IgA) were decreased. This finding may explain, in part, the reduced concentration of IgA protein in bile. Although not examined in this study, decreased local hepatic synthesis and/or transport of p-IgA across the hepatocyte may also contribute to the reduced IgA levels in bile.
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PMID:Effect of thermal injury in the rat on transfer of IgA protein into bile. 275 21

There are three major surface-localized protein antigens of group B streptococci: c, R, and X. Their precise role in human immunity to group B streptococci has not been defined. Studies of the c protein suggested that type II strains possessing both trypsin-resistant and trypsin-sensitive components of the c protein were less easily killed in vitro and were more virulent in an infant rat model of infection as compared with type II strains that do not bear these proteins. The c protein components were immunogenic in mice and rabbits. Polyclonal rabbit antisera were protective in the infant rat model of bacteremia/sepsis and facilitated killing of type II strains bearing the c protein in an in vitro opsonophagocytic bacterial killing assay. The role of the IgA-binding capacity of the c protein in altering the interaction of group B streptococcal strains with host defenses remains undefined at this time.
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PMID:Surface-localized protein antigens of group B streptococci. 305 5


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