Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Despite improved antimicrobials and advances in caring for critically ill patients, mortality from sepsis is still unacceptably high. Upregulation of the cellular immune system is one strategy for decreasing mortality in subjects with severe sepsis, which appears to be promising. Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been used successfully to decrease mortality in neutropenic subjects with sepsis. In this study, we have investigated whether pretreatment with G-CSF decreases mortality in non-neutropenic rodents with lethal Escherichia coli peritonitis. We implanted agar pellets impregnated with 5 x 10(8) cfu of Escherichia coli into the peritoneal cavities of rats pretreated with 50 micrograms/kg of G-CSF or an equal volume of 5% dextrose in water (D5W). Survival of these animals increased from 38 to 78% with G-CSF pretreatment. We also demonstrated an 11-fold increase in the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in animals treated with G-CSF. This increase in cells was seen initially only in the peripheral circulation. Twenty-four hours after induction of peritonitis, however, there was a three-fold greater increase in number of PMNs recovered from the peritoneal cavities of animals pretreated with G-CSF as compared to those treated with D5W. PMNs recovered from the peritoneal cavities of these animals had significantly elevated bactericidal activity (74% killing vs 53% killing) as compared to those cells recovered from the peritoneal cavities of control animals. These results indicate that G-CSF pretreatment improves survival of non-neutropenic animals with lethal Escherichia coli peritonitis by enhancing the cellular arm of the immune response.
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PMID:Effects of granulocyte colony stimulating factor in a nonneutropenic rodent model of Escherichia coli peritonitis. 865 7

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment was successfully used in three preterm infants with alloimmune neonatal neutropenia (AINN). Two infants had persistent neutropenia despite treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and random donor granulocyte transfusions for presumed sepsis. Neutrophil counts returned to normal with G-CSF treatment; the response was least convincing in one infant with fulminant necrotising enterocolits. It is suggested that treatment with G-CSF be considered early for the treatment of infants with AINN.
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PMID:Granulocyte colony stimulating factor treatment for alloimmune neonatal neutropenia. 879 59