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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An immunosuppressed mouse model was devised to test the effects of immunopotentiators on the prevention of bacterial and fungal infections. The effects of BCG and Corynebacterium were tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans infection. The effect of methanol-extraction residue (MER-BCG) was tested against S. aureus septicemia. CDF mice were given various doses of BCG, 1.0 mg of C. parvum, or 0.5 mg of MER intraperitoneally at varying intervals before injection of an intravenous bacterial challenge. Four days before challenge, 300 mg of cyclophosphamide per ml was given intraperitoneally. BCG (106 colony-forming units) reduced mortality due to S.aureus at pretreatment intervals of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide treatment elimated the protective effect of the live BCG. C. parvum was as effective as BCG against S. aureus septicemia when given 3 days before infection, but lost most of its protective effect after that time. MER protected at doses as small as 0.25 mg when given 25 days prior to challenge. Both BCG and C. parvum exerted a protective effect against Candida albicans infection.
Infect Immun 1975 Dec
PMID:Effects of BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, and methanol-extration residue in the reduction of mortality from Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans infections in immunosuppressed mice. 110 24

Three septicaemic patients with acute renal failure required carbenicillin. Septicaemia was caused by Pseudomonas in 2 patients and by Serratia marcescens in the third. Therapy in the first 2 patients was complicated by massive gastro-intestinal and uterine bleeding. Septicaemia in the third patient was initially uncontrolled owing to inadequate serum levels of carbenicillin, despite increased dosage as renal function improved. The problems and indications for the use of carbenicillin in renal failure are discussed and the possible relationship to bleeding diathesis is considered.
S Afr Med J 1975 Dec 06
PMID:Carbenicillin in acute renal failure. 110 35

The clinical and roentgenographic findings in 10 patients with combined staphylococcal infection fo the bones, joints, and lungs are reviewed. Chest roentgenograms early in the course of the illness suggested septic embolic disease, but in most cases the associated osseous infections were overlooked. Primary therapy, directed toward the sepsis and pulmonary complications, was often unsuccessful until the associated osteomyelitis was recognized and treated. The radiologist and clinician should recognize the roentgen pattern of septic pulmonary emboli and be alert to the possibility of associated skeletal infection. Surgical drainage is often necessary.
Radiology 1975 Dec
PMID:Staphylococcal osteomyelitis, sepsis, and pulmonary disease. Observations of 10 patients with combined osseous and pulmonary infections. 118 15

The authors review 531 consecutive operations for lumbar disc herniation performed on 496 patients by one neurosurgeon to determine the effect of prophylactic antibiotics upon postoperative wound infections. In this retrospective analysis 16 instances of sepsis were found, 11 considered to be major and five minor. In the 128 cases in which no antibacterial agents were given, 11 major and 1 minor infection occurred. Four minor infections developed in the 402 occasions when antibiotics were given in the perioperative period. Men had a significantly greater risk of developing infection than women. These data suggest that pre- and postoperative antibiotic therapy directed at a narrow spectrum of microorganisms reduced the incidence of significant wound infections in patients undergoing laminectomy for lumbar disc herniation.
J Neurosurg 1975 Dec
PMID:Prophylactic antibiotics and wound infections following laminectomy for lumber disc herniation. 119 38

The clinical and histologic changes occurring with antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis are usually reversible with discontinuation of the causative medication. The spectrum of disease patterns ranges from a benign form to a very fulminant and occasionally fatal one. This report describes a child with a severe form of the disease. Despite recognition and sigmoidoscopic confirmation of this syndrome and cessation of antibiotics, his course continued to deteriorate. Sepsis, leukocytosis, refractory diarrhea, and abdominal distension led to exploratory laparotomy. A proctocolectomy was performed for necrosis of the entire colon; however, the patient died of sepsis.
J Pediatr Surg 1975 Dec
PMID:Fatal outcome in a child with pseudomembranous colitis. 120 83

Sepsis and a flank mass developed in a twenty-two-year-old primagravida two days after a normal delivery. Urography showed normal upper pole collecting structures bilaterally. A spherical mass containing curvilinear calcification occupied the left lower pole, and a large inflammatory mass filled the right inferior renal fossa. Angiography and retrograde pyelography demonstrated marked bilateral lower pole hydronephrosis with complete obstruction of the water to each inferior duplicated collecting system.
Urology 1975 Dec
PMID:Bilateral complete renal duplication with total obstruction of both lower pole collecting systems. 120 24

A retrospective study of 116 children with Hodgkin's disease diagnosed in the period 1935-1970 was undertaken to assess the prognostic role of histopathologic classiciation and clinical extent of the disease. The ages of the 80 boys and 36 girls ranged from 2.5 years to 15.0 years (mean, 10.0 years). The histopathologic diagnosis by lymph node biopsy revealed lymphocyte predominance in 22, nodular sclerosis in 67, mixed cellularity in 24, and lymphocyte depletion in 3. Within the subgroup of nodular sclerosis, 47 biopsies had classic well-developed collagenous bands, whereas 20 were in the cellular phase (10 without collagenous bands and 10 with minimal collagen). The clinical extent of disease was determined. There were 33 patients with Stage I disease, 38 with Stage IIA, 12 with Stage IIB, 24 with Stage III, and 9 with Stage IV. Survival correlated with histopathologic type and clinical stage, but not with age or sex. Survival was not dependent on the degree of collagenization in nodular sclerosis. There were 28 patients who survived for more than 10 years. Four of these 29 subsequently died owing to acute myelomonocytic leukemia, carcinoma of the breast, sepsis, and progression of Hodgkin's disease, respectively. Neoplasms developed in two other long-term survivors (thyroid carcinoma in one, and multiple basal cell carcinomas in the other).
Cancer 1975 Dec
PMID:Hodgkin's disease in childhood. 120 66

Between 1 July 1970 and April 1971, in many hospitals in this country, there were outbreaks of nosocomial septicemia caused by Enterobacter cloacae of E. agglomerans (formerly Erwinia, herbicola-lathyri). All of these hospitals used infusion products manufactured by one company, Abbott Laboratories, and all affected patients had onset of septicemia while receiving the company's infusion products. Septicemia was epidemiologically and microbiologically traced to intrinsic contamination of the company's screw-cap closure for infusion bottles which was sealed with a newly introduced elastomer liner. Epidemic organisms were isolated from these closures. Investigations both in the laboratory and in the manufacturing plant into the mechanism of contamination of these products revealed the following. (i) Epidemic strains were present in numerous areas throughout the manufacturing plants. (ii) Viable microorganisms gained access to the interior of screw-cap closures after the autoclave step of production. (iii) Cooling closures actively drew moisture through the thread interstices into the inner-most depths of the closure. (iv) Transfer of contaminants from closures to fluid was easily effected by simple manipulations duplicating normal in-hospital use. (v) The red-rubber liner used in the company's screw-cap closures before the introduction of elastomer contained a broad-spectrum antimicrobial inhibitor. The findings from this epidemic and the associated studies show that the screw-cap closure as it is now designed cannot be considered secure for products that must remain sterile.
J Clin Microbiol 1975 Dec
PMID:Nationwide epidemic of septicemia caused by contaminated intravenous products: mechanisms of intrinsic contamination. 120 7

Blood rheologic measurements together with peripheral resistance determinations in vivo were made in 27 critically ill patients. Eighteen of these patients (group I) suffered from violent trauma or operative injury and the other 9 (group II) were patients with generalized sepsis. As a result of fluid therapy all patients underwent hemodilution, resulting in a decrease in blood viscosity. This drop in blood viscosity was counteracted to some extent by an increased plasma viscosity due to elevated fibrinogen levels and a decreased red cell deformability associated with massive transfusions of stored blood. The correlation of vivo hemodynamics with blood rheological data made it possible to separate the relative roles of vascular dimensions and blood viscosity in affecting the total peripheral resistance. This approach permitted us to distinguish varying degrees of vasoconstriction in nonseptic patients in low flow states (group I) and varying degrees of vasodilation in septic patients (group II). This type of analysis serves to elucidate the pathophysiology of hemodynamic alterations in disease and provides a rational basis for devising an effective therapeutic program.
J Appl Physiol 1975 Dec
PMID:Correlation of blood rheology with vascular resistance in critically ill patients. 121 59

A number of classifications may be proposed according to whether glomerulopathy is defined from a morphological, clinical, etiological or pathogenetic point of view. However, glomerulopathies are now best defined according to histopathological criteria since from a practical point of view this is the only way in which prognosis can be evaluated. We propose a classification of glomeruloneyhritis essentially based on morphology as well as on the etiological circumstances in which the glomerulopathy is discovered. Four types of glomerular lesions (GL) may be disclosed: 1. The pathognomonic GL are rare and include thrombotic microangiography, amyloidosis, diabetic glomerulosclerosis, lupus nephritis with hematoxyphil bodies, etc. 2. The GL seen in primary glomerulopathies may be divided into 3 subgroups: minimal, focal (segmental and focal glomerulonephritis and focal glomerular sclerosis) or diffuse (membranous nephropathy and the various types of proliferative glomerulonephritis). The clinical presentation and course are studied for each of these varieties. 3. The GL seen in specific diseases (acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis, septicemia, systemic diseases, Goodpasture's syndrome, essential cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis, etc.) are in many ways similar to most of the lesions seen in primary glomerular diseases, but may have a different prognosis. 4. The GL seen in hereditary nephropathies (Alport's syndrome, nail patella syndrome, infantile mesangial sclerosis, partial lipodystrophy, amyloidosis of FMF, storage diseases, etc.) show, in most cases, specific morphological features. It is important for the clinican to know the natural history of these clinicopathologic entities in order to take appropriate decisions regarding possible treatment. Moreover, the fact that some of these glomerular lesions may recur on the grafted kidney is one more reason for identification of the underlying disease.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1975 Dec 20
PMID:[Proceedings: Classification and anatomo-clinical correlations of glomerular nephropathies]. 121 69


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