Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In September 1981 a soldier died from meningococcal septicemia in a military camp in Mid-Norway. Soon afterwards one of his room-mates was transferred to a military camp in Northern-Norway where he shared sleeping quarters (room 7D) with 5 other soldiers of whom 2 fell ill with meningococcal disease 1 month later. Throat cultures were obtained from all 128 soldiers at the military camp in Northern-Norway; 41 (32%) harboured meningococci in their throats. The 3 invasive isolates and the isolates from the 4 healthy carriers at room 7D were all group B and type 15 meningococci. However, by DNA fingerprinting we could identify at least 2, probably 3, different individual strains among these 7 isolates. None of these strains were isolated from soldiers outside room 7D. By use of a B15 whole-bacterium ELISA method we showed that the levels of antimeningococcal IgG antibodies in the sera of the two cases at room 7D were low (18 and 28 OD units) compared with the mean IgG levels in the sera of their 4 healthy room mates (1150 OD units) and the mean IgG in the sera from all healthy soldiers (472 OD units).
 ...
PMID:Restriction fingerprinting and serology in a small outbreak of B15 meningococcal disease among Norwegian soldiers. 298 81

Six weeks post cadaver renal transplantation, a patient developed a flu-like illness. Acute renal failure unresponsive to anti-rejection therapy occurred and he died four days later from Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Streptococcus viridans septicemia. Autopsy revealed a diffuse polymorphic polyclonal B cell infiltrate occupying most organs, including the allograft. Primary Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection was established by 1) rising anti-EBV antibody titres; 2) the demonstration of EBV nuclear antigen in the infiltrate and 3) the presence of EBV specific DNA sequences in affected tissues. EBV associated polymorphic B cell hyperplasia can mimic rejection and result in acute allograft failure.
 ...
PMID:Polyclonal B cell hyperplasia associated with Epstein-Barr virus causing acute renal allograft failure. 299 28

A 2-year-old boy with an early onset and severe form of Cockayne's syndrome (CS) showed differences from the common CS form, which made the clinical diagnosis difficult. However, the cellular characteristics of CS, that the patient's skin fibroblasts exhibited the hypersensitivity to the lethal effect of 254 nm ultraviolet light (UV) and a defective recovery of post-UV DNA synthesis, but normal level of UV-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis, were observed. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by the inversion-recovery method of the brain at age of 26 months showed atrophy or poor development of high signal images of the white matter. The MRI spin-echo image showed a low signal image of the lenticular nucleus. The T1 and T2 values of the cerebrum (grey matter, white matter, lenticular nucleus and thalamus) were greater than those of the age-matched controls. but similar to infant brains with much free water. Such MRI findings may suggest hypomyelination leading to the severe atrophy of the brain in this CS patient. His severe symptoms progressed rapidly until his death at 35 months due to systemic sepsis and renal dysfunction. Autopsy revealed severe microcephaly, severe atrophy of cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem, and calcification throughout the brain, especially in the basal ganglia. Myelin staining showed numerous patchy losses of myelination in the cortical white matter.
 ...
PMID:Cockayne syndrome: magnetic resonance images of the brain in a severe form with early onset. 312 91

Norfloxacin is an oral fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent recently released for the treatment of uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections. The drug antagonizes DNA gyrase, an enzyme essential for bacterial DNA replication. Norfloxacin is more potent and broader in spectrum than the earlier developed analogue, nalidixic acid, and is active in vitro against virtually all bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract and gastrointestinal infections, aerobic gram-negative bacilli causing sepsis in neutropenic patients, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The drug is administered orally twice daily and achieves high concentrations in urine, stool, renal tissue, and bile. Norfloxacin was at least as effective as currently used agents in treating urinary tract infections, and, in limited studies, bacterial gastroenteritis, gonorrhea, bacterial prostatitis, and prevention of gram-negative bacillary infection in neutropenic patients. Adverse drug effects were mild and included disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. Norfloxacin shows promise as an antibacterial agent for genitourinary and gastrointestinal infections.
 ...
PMID:Norfloxacin: a new targeted fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent. 327 8

We prospectively studied the course of colonization and sepsis with Staphylococcus epidermidis among 29 very low birth weight neonates undergoing prolonged umbilical catheterization. S. epidermidis bacteremia occurred in 7 patients. In 6 bacteremia was preceded by positive colonization cultures. Isolates obtained from nares, base of umbilicus, umbilical catheter entry sites, catheter tips and blood were examined for plasmid DNA profiles. In 4 patients the plasmid profiles of the catheter entry site isolates were identical with those of the blood isolates. In the other 3 bacteremic patients plasmid profiles of the catheter entry site and blood isolates were different. No correlation was observed in the plasmid DNA patterns of isolates obtained from catheter tip cultures as compared to the corresponding blood cultures. The blood isolates from bacteremic patients had different plasmid profiles.
 ...
PMID:Plasmid DNA analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from blood and colonization cultures in very low birth weight neonates. 334 69

In 18 of 20 patients with psychosis secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), autoantibodies to ribosomal P proteins were detected by immunoblotting and measured with a new radioimmunoassay using a synthetic peptide as antigen. The frequency of anti-P was not increased in patients with other central nervous system manifestations of SLE (3 of 20, by radioimmunoassay), in patients with transient behavioral abnormalities due to SLE (none of 8), in patients with psychosis who did not have SLE (none of 13), or in normal controls (none of 20). In four of five paired serum samples, anti-P-peptide antibody levels increased 5-fold to 30-fold during the active phase of lupus psychosis. Longitudinal studies of anti-P activity in two patients with psychosis revealed that anti-P levels increased before and during the active phases of psychosis but not during sepsis or other exacerbations of SLE, and that the elevations were selective for anti-P antibodies, as opposed to anti-DNA antibodies. Longitudinal studies of anti-P activity in two patients with anti-P but without psychosis showed less than threefold changes in anti-P levels despite exacerbations of disease. We conclude that anti-P is associated with lupus psychosis and that synthetic peptide antigens may be useful for the detection and measurement of autoantibodies to intracellular proteins.
 ...
PMID:Association between lupus psychosis and anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies. 349 38

A 4-month-old infant with congenital heart disease and sepsis and arthritis, and subsequently meningitis, caused by an antibiotic-resistant strain of Haemophilus influenzae type b, failed to respond to sequential therapy with ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Following treatment with ceftizoxime, the infant was well for 42 days, until he returned to the hospital and died. A total of 10 Haemophilus influenzae type b isolates, all outer membrane protein subtype 51, was isolated from the pretreatment blood and synovium, cerebrospinal fluid and subdural fluids, and the petrous pyramids at autopsy. Pretreatment isolates had no detectable plasmid DNA, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase or beta-lactamase; the minimal inhibitory concentration for ampicillin (AM) and chloramphenicol (CM) was 0.2 and 0.8 microgram/ml, respectively. However, all cerebrospinal fluid isolates had a 42-44 mD plasmid and produced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and beta-lactamase; the minimal inhibitory concentration of these isolates to AM and CM were 12.5 and 25 micrograms/ml, respectively, and were also resistant to tetracycline and sulfonamide. Resistance to AM and CM was cotransferred by filter-mating conjugation at a frequency of one to two transconjugants per 10(5) to an Rd haemophilus recipient. Posttreatment isolates from the petrous pyramids also were resistant to AM and CM and produced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and beta-lactamase activity, but had no plasmid DNA. These findings and data from genetic studies suggested that plasmid-bearing antibiotic-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b was selected from a heterogenous population, and that the AM/CM resistance transposons were incorporated into the bacterial chromosome.
 ...
PMID:Ampicillin-chloramphenicol-resistant Haemophilus influenzae: plasmid-mediated resistance in bacterial meningitis. 350 Apr 49

The predictive value of a number of clinical and laboratory variables for the mortality of 148 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with a mean observation period of 8 years and a 10-year-survival of 80 per cent was calculated by means of differentiated survival rate analyses and stepwise regression analyses. The predictive power of several variables increased if the calculations were based on deaths caused by SLE rather than on the total mortality rate. The survival rate decreased after 1973 because a diagnosis of SLE was made in some patients with terminal disease who would have remained without a diagnosis before that time. The causes of death and the treatment were identical before and after 1973. The presence of a high number of diagnostic ARA criteria within the first year of observation was a predictor of decreased survival. Severe but non-fatal infections (meningitis, septicemia, pneumonia) significantly reduced the survival rate. Patients with proteinuria and azotemia, within the first 2 years of observation, had a 10-year-survival of 70 per cent. The survival of patients with CNS manifestations was not significantly reduced. The butterfly rash and the presence of lymphopenia were predictors of decreased survival, whereas the presence of DNA antibodies had no predictive value for survival.
 ...
PMID:Systemic lupus erythematosus. Follow-up study of 148 patients. II: Predictive factors of importance for course and outcome. 358 95

An experimental model was used which includes intragastric instillation of 80 mM HCl and 0.6 ml bile/kg followed by intravenous infusion of live E coli in cats for up to three hours. This procedure regularly induces gastric mucosal ulcerations. Mucosal blood flow was measured by microspheres before, early, and late in sepsis. Total gastric blood flow was recorded electromagnetically. Mucosal regeneration capacity as reflected by the RNA/DNA ratio was measured. Misoprostol (a PGE1 analogue) was infused iv (5 micrograms/kg X h) or given locally in the stomach (10 micrograms/kg) before bacteriemia. Misoprostol did not influence the haemodynamic response to bacteria. The gastric mucosal damage was assessed either as an index representative for the entire corpus-fundus region or as the number of areas with intact surface epithelium within the series. Misoprostol iv protected the mucosa from ulceration compared with untreated septic controls while misoprostol intragastrically significantly reduced the number of damaged areas only. Topical misoprostol increased total gastric and mucosal blood flows early in sepsis compared to iv or no pretreatment while no difference was seen during late sepsis. The protective effect of misoprostol was thus not dependent on increased gastric mucosal blood flow. Nor was it mediated through effects on mucosal nucleic acid concentrations or ratio.
 ...
PMID:Gastric mucosal damage in sepsis--effects of pretreatment with a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue. 393 38

The patient presented with a diabetes at the age of 3 years. At the age of 5 years she got persistent diarrhoea, lost weight and showed symptoms or arthritis and pericarditis. She was found to have total villous atrophy of the jejunum, which did not respond to dietary treatment, total parental nutrition, prednisone and cyclophosphamide medication. She had high titres of antinuclear antibodies and elevated serum IgG, but antibodies to DNA and to ribonuclearprotein were negative. A low titre of antibodies to human intestinal epithelial cells was found. The patient died of overwhelming fungal sepsis. We propose that the intestinal damage is part of the autoimmune disease. Careful study of jejunal biopsy specimens is helpful in distinguishing this type of patient from patients with coeliac disease.
 ...
PMID:Fatal unresponsive villous atrophy of the jejunum, connective tissue disease and diabetes in a girl with intestinal epithelial cell antibody. 400 75


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>