Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Authors report on the effectiveness of a 2nd generation "cephalosporin" (Cefotetan) used in preventive antibiotic treatment connected with gynaecological surgery. Two hundred hospital patients were involved in the experiment and were divided into 4 groups: 1) the first and second groups were given a "short-term" preventive antibiotic treatment (a single dose before the operation); 2) the third and fourth groups were given antibiotics continuously in the post-operative period. In those patients in groups I and III (who had operations for abdominal laparotomies) the incidence of fewerishness was 12% in those patients treated with the "short-term" therapy, and 10% in those receiving post-operative treatment. Sepsis on the suture developed in none of these cases. Urinary infection occurred in 6% of these patients in group I as compared with 2% in group III. During post-operative treatment of patients in group II and IV (who had had minor gynaecological operation) the incidence of inflammation with slight temperature was very much lower only 4% of the cases treated with "short-term" preventive antibiotics and only 2% in those patients receiving continuous preventive treatment. In no case was these sepsis of the suture. Urinary infection occurred in 4% of patients on "short-term" therapy (group II) but in none of the patients in group IV. Side effects were in all cases only slight and of brief duration, especially in group I and II who received the single pre-operative dose of the antibiotic.
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PMID:[Cefotetan in preoperative prophylaxis in gynecologic surgery]. 262 88

The authors studied 302 hospitalized patients, 164 males and 138 females aged 15-88 years (average 66 years), with severe infections. Cefotetan was administered to 278 of them at the dose of 1 or 2 g, b.i.d. or a single daily dose i.m. Other patients [24] were treated with a continuous intravenous infusion of cefotetan (3 g daily in 5% dextrose). Of these patients 121 were treated for urinary tract infections (UTI); 114 for respiratory tract infections (RTI); 41 for liver biliary duct infections (BDI); 17 for skin or skin structure infections (SKI); 6 for fever of unknown origin and 3 for sepsis. The following Gram-positive organisms [156] were isolated: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus group D; and the following Gram-negative organisms [122]: Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia spp., Klebsiella spp., Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The overall eradication rate for Gram-positive organisms was 74% and for Gram-negative organisms it was 88%. The clinical response was satisfactory in 87.7% of patients (specifically, cefotetan was effective in 90% of UTI, 84.2% of RTI, 97.5% of BDI and 82.3% of SKI). The drug was well tolerated and side-effects (such as skin rash, diarrhoea, purpura and pain at the site of injection) occurred in only 4% of patients treated with cefotetan. In conclusion, cefotetan appears to be safe and highly effective for the treatment of severe infections in hospitalized patients.
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PMID:Bacteriological and clinical evaluation of cefotetan in the treatment of severe infections in hospitalized patients. 321 8

Cefotetan has been compared with two regimens of combination antibiotic therapy in the treatment of peritonitis and serious intra-abdominal sepsis. One hundred predominantly elderly patients (median age 66 years) were entered into a prospective randomized surgical trial. Sixty-two per cent had peritonitis. There were seven non-septic deaths. Side-effects were similar in each group and generally of a minor, self limiting nature. Haematological and biochemical factors were closely monitored, and though there were increases in the prothrombin time, there was no statistical difference between cefotetan and comparators. Cefotetan is as effective as combination therapy in the treatment of surgical patients with serious intra-abdominal sepsis.
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PMID:Cefotetan in the treatment of serious intra-abdominal sepsis: a controlled clinical trial. 329 87

Effectiveness of cefotetan, a new generation semisynthetic cephamycin, was studied in a clinical trial in elderly patients. Cefotetan was used as single drug therapy. A single daily injection of 2 g was given to each of 33 elderly subjects (mean age 70.2 years, range 69-92 years). The infections were severe: pneumonia in 13 cases, septicemia in 12, upper urinary tract infections in 3 and miscellaneous infections in the remaining cases. The regimen used proved clinically effective (93% successes) and achieved residual serum levels greater than the MICs of all the Gram negative bacteria and most of the Gram positive cocci isolated. In addition to being efficient, the single daily injection regimen causes minimal damage to peripheral veins, provides optimal comfort to the patient, and saves both material and time.
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PMID:[Cefotetan: clinical trial in elderly persons using a single daily dose of 2 grams as the sole therapy]. 353 22

Cefotetan (CTT), a new cephamycin antibiotic having a long serum half-life (2.93 +/- 0.78 hours), was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in children. Twenty-four patients were treated with a daily dose of 30 to 100 mg/kg of CTT by intravenous administrations mostly in 2 divided doses. The diagnoses of the effective patients were acute bronchitis (5), pneumonia (4), acute urinary tract infections (4), acute enterocolitis (2), presumed septicemia (1), and phlegmon (1); and the effectiveness was 77.3%. The pathogens recovered from these patients were S. pneumoniae (1), H. influenzae (3), S. marcescens (1), E. coli (2), and K. oxytoca (1). CTT was not effective in staphylococcal pneumonia and empyema (each 1 case), in Pseudomonas pneumonia (2), and in a case of brain abscess and mastoiditis of unknown etiology. Diarrhea (2), and transient elevations of the serum GOT, GPT, and LDH (1) were associated with the CTT therapy, but no severe adverse reaction was encountered. The CSF level of CTT seemed to be lower among several new cephalosporins. From the present study, CTT appears to be a safe and effective antibiotic when used in children with susceptible bacterial infections. A twice-a-day schedule was recommended from its long serum half-life.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics]. 658 31

Cefotetan (CTT), a new cephamycin antibiotic, was administered to 21 pediatric patients, 1 year and 1 month to 9 years of age, with moderate or severe infections. CTT was intravenously administered 3 times a day at daily doses of 26.5 to 120 mg/kg for 2 to 14 days, and 0.75 to 31.0 g of the drug were totally given. Total of 21 cases, 12 cases of respiratory tract infections (each 1 case of acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis and asthmatic bronchitis, 6 cases of acute pneumonia, 1 case of lung fibrosis and 2 cases of primary atypical pneumonia), 2 cases of urinary tract infections, 1 case of acute appendicitis, 1 case of perianal abscess, 2 cases of sepsis, 1 case of MCLS, 1 case of ReYE's syndrome and 1 case of meningoencephalitis, were received CTT. Five cases were excluded for the evaluation of clinical efficacy, and good response were obtained in 11 cases (effective rate of 68.8%), fair in 1 and poor in 4. Out of 3 strains of causative organisms isolated before the treatment, H. influenzae and K. pneumoniae were disappeared after the CTT treatment, S. faecalis which was resistant against CTT persisted. Neither adverse effects nor abnormal laboratory findings were observed except 1 case of eosinophilia.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics]. 658 32

We conducted a retrospective case study at 2 tertiary care centers to determine the clinical implications of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (TSRSM). Of 69 reviewed cases (mean age, 57 y; male gender, 70%), 40 (58%) were classified as infections associated with TSRSM (respiratory tract, 14; soft tissue, 11; bloodstream, 8; other sites, 7). Severe underlying comorbidities (86%) and previous antibiotic exposure (99%) were common. Cefotetan (susceptibility, 55%), chloramphenicol (49%) and ticarcillin-clavulanate (45%) showed the highest in vitro activity against TSRSM, but were seldom used for therapy (7%). Among the 40 infected cases, 8 developed sepsis disorders and 8 died. Only 1 death could be directly attributed to autopsy-proven TSRSM infection (pneumonia). McCabe score (p = 0.03) and organ dysfunction (p = 0.006) were associated with an increased risk of death in infected patients; exposure to appropriate therapy tended to be protective against death (p = 0.08). 22 infected patients were treated medically; an additional procedure was necessary to clear the infection in 18 cases (surgery, 13; catheter removal, 5). Isolation precautions were rarely exercised, even in the presence of panresistant isolates. In summary, TSRSM-related infections occurred in severely ill patients with extensive exposure to the health-care system, and often required invasive procedures for cure. Infections were directly associated with severe morbidity, and tended to have an indirect rather than a direct impact on mortality.
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PMID:Clinical implications of stenotrophomonas maltophilia resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: a study of 69 patients at 2 university hospitals. 1120 Mar 76