Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In Japan, we experienced the first case of Hafnia alvei septicemia with shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in an adult with postoperative lung cancer. A 63 year-old male, who had been followed up in our department since 1987, was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of fever, hemoptysis and dyspnea on June 25, 1989. After admission, he was treated with sulbactam/cefoperazone 4 g/day intravenously for suspicion of respiratory-tract infection. After antibiotic administration, the fever subsided and the general condition became almost good. The patient experienced fever again after the antibiotic was stopped. For this reason subsequent Clavulanic acid/Amoxicillin, Flomoxef, and Ceftazidime was administered, but was not effective. Therefore septicemia was suspected and blood culture was done. The bacteria isolated from blood culture was identified as Hafnia alvei. Hafnia alvei is a gram-negative organism belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and quite rare pathogen in human.
 ...
PMID:[Hafnia alvei septicemia with shock and DIC in an adult with postoperative lung cancer]. 176 1

The chemistry, microbiology, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, adverse effects, and dosage of amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate, a beta-lactamase-resistant antibiotic combination, are reviewed. Clavulanic acid is a "suicide" inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes and has been effective in preventing destruction of penicillins by these enzymes. Clavulanic acid alone has weak antibacterial activity against most organisms. After oral administration, clavulanic acid is rapidly absorbed; amoxicillin appears to increase its absorption. Absorption of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is not affected by food. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is effective in treating both acute uncomplicated and complicated urinary-tract infections and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by amoxicillin-resistant organisms in adults. It appears to be comparable in efficacy to cefaclor for treating uncomplicated urinary-tract infections in adults and children, acute bronchitis and bronchopneumonia, and acute sinusitis, otitis media, and skin and soft-tissue infections in children. Other infections for which the combination has been effective include cellulitis and intra-abdominal and pelvic sepsis caused by mixed aerobic/anaerobic organisms. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid has also successfully cured urethritis in men caused by penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae and is superior to amoxicillin alone for beta-lactamase-positive Haemophilus ducreyi infections (chancroid). Diarrhea or loose stools is the most common side effect seen with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; nausea, vomiting, and skin rash may also occur. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may be lessened by taking the combination with food.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate, a beta-lactamase-resistant antibiotic combination. 639 83

Branhamella catarrhalis, previously regarded as a harmless member of the normal nasopharyngeal flora, has periodically been implicated as the major pathogen in representative cases of a variety of infections such as sinusitis, pneumonia, septicemia and meningitis. In addition, beta-lactamase production of these microorganisms, first described in 1977, has been reported with increasing frequency, up to 80%. The first-choice drug for the therapy of the infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of B. catarrhalis is amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid. The aim of our work was to determine the influence of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid on the biosynthesis of beta-lactamase of B. catarrhalis. Our results point out that the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid produces only a slight increase in enzyme activity in 5003 and 462 strains. Clavulanic acid alone caused no increase in enzyme production. Ravasio strain showed no increase in enzyme formation after exposure to antibiotics.
 ...
PMID:Increased beta-lactamase activity in Branhamella catarrhalis after exposure to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. 769 24

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) causing brain abscess in newborn infants is rare. Presented herein, is a 27-day-old male neonate who developed two frontal lobe abscesses in association with K. pneumoniae sepsis and meningitis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing utilizing the double-disk synergy method (Cefotaxime and Amoxycillin-Clavulanate) confirmed the extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production by the isolate. He was treated simultaneously with antibiotics (Meropenem and Amikacin) and abscess aspiration through the anterior fontanelle, with less than satisfactory outcome. ESBL producing K. pneumoniae brain abscess in neonates is extremely rare in the English literature. Emperical carbapenems and aminoglycoside coverage in neonates with K. pneumoniae sepsis and brain abscess, especially in areas with high rate of ESBL producing bacteria may be warranted.
...
PMID:Neonatal Brain Abscess due to Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. 2558 78