Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An extracellular toxin produced by Aeromonas hydrophila from cultured crucian carp with septicemia was detected. The toxin was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The factor was a single polypeptide with a molecular weight of 52.5kd determined by SDS-PAGE. The heat-stable toxin possesses hemolytic, enterotoxic and cytolytic activities. The hemolytic activity on human erythrocytes was 3.81 x 10(3) HU/mg, CD50 for Vero cell was 0.26 microgram. The LD50 for crucian carp and mice was 4.44 micrograms and 3.58 micrograms respectively. The toxin was neutralized py homologous antibodies. The toxin shows unique characteristics as compared with other known bacterial toxins therefore the authors propose to name the toxin "hec" toxin.
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PMID:[Purification and characterization of hec toxin produced by Aeromonas hydrophila]. 129 32

Mannose-resistant hemagglutinating fimbrial antigen F165 is produced by Escherichia coli strains associated with septicemia in piglets and calves. A fimbrial component with an M(r) of 17,200 as determined by SDS-PAGE was purified to homogeneity from F165-positive E. coli strain 4787 of serogroup O115. This fimbrial component of F165 antigen was named F165(2). Separation procedures included fast protein liquid chromatography with a Superose 12 column followed by ultracentrifugation and 0.15 M ethanolamine buffer (pH 10.5) dissociation. Upon removal of ethanolamine, the fimbrial component reassociated into fimbriae. Amino acid composition analysis indicated that the fimbrial component molecule comprised 158 amino acid residues of which 37.3% were hydrophobic. The amino acid composition and the isoelectric point (9.5) were readily distinguishable from those of F1 fimbriae. The amino acid sequence was determined for approximately 40% of the molecule. For the first 33 residues, the F165(2) sequence was identical to that of F1B fimbriae and very similar to that of F1C. Fimbriae F165(2) could nevertheless be differentiated antigenically from F1C fimbriae as demonstrated by the immunodot technique using cross-absorbed antisera.
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PMID:Biochemical and serological characterization of Escherichia coli fimbrial antigen F165(2). 135 92

Pancreatic phospholipase A2 and non-pancreatic ascitic phospholipases A2 were studied in sera of healthy individuals and of patients suffering from sepsis or acute pancreatitis. In gel filtration experiments, immunoreactive ascitic phospholipase A2, as determined in serum by a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay, eluted either unassociated with an apparent M(r) of 10,000-14,000 or associated with proteins of high molecular mass. Catalytically active ascitic phospholipase A2 was associated with high molecular weight proteins. In acute pancreatitis the catalytically active and immunoreactive pancreatic phospholipase A2 eluted mainly as a protein of M(r) of 14,000. The results of the gel filtration experiments indicate that pancreatic phospholipase A2 is not associated with other proteins in human serum, whereas ascitic phospholipase A2 is associated with protein(s) of relative high molecular weight, or exists in different polymeric forms. We also purified phospholipase A2 from sera of healthy individuals by ion exchange chromatography and HPLC. The enzyme was homogenous, displayed an M(r) of approximately 13,500 as judged by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and reacted with an antibody raised against ascitic phospholipase A2.
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PMID:Characterization of two phospholipases A2 in serum of patients with sepsis and acute pancreatitis. 162 22

Pseudomonas pseudomallei (Ps.ps.) is the causative organism of melioidosis, and is widely distributed in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. Clinical manifestations range from subclinical infection to fulminant septicemia. To demonstrate the antigenic variability of Ps.ps., 62 clinical isolates from 31 blood, 13 sputum, 9 pus, 3 urine and 6 body fluid culture specimens were studied by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. In SDS-PAGE, there were approximately 20 antigenic components with molecular weights ranging from 14 to 66 kilodaltons (KD) which suggested that there was antigenic variability among these 62 clinical isolates of Ps.ps. Attempts to correlate immunoblot profiles with clinical illness or sources of specimens were not successful but 6 common antigens were identified with molecular weight of 17.5, 21, 33, 34, 40 and 45 KD, respectively. Among these antigens, the 45 KD component was recognised by all patients' sera. Thus, the 45 KD protein antigen may be useful for the future approach in immunodiagnosis of melioidosis.
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PMID:Immunoblot analysis to demonstrate antigenic variability of clinical isolated. Pseudomonas pseudomallei. 172 72

Extracellular antigens as well as cell wall extracts of 4 S. aureus strains isolated from different kinds of infection were analysed by Western-Blott technique. Materials obtained in two systems of bacteria cultivation (with and without aeration) were compared. Four systems of PAGE (native conditions, with 8.0 M urea, with SDS and SDS after previous reduction of the material with 2-mercaptoethanol) were compared in order to get the best differentiation of proteins and antigens. Immunological reactivity of the antigens mixture with two human sera: highly positive (with three S. aureus antigens in ELISA) from patient with staphylococcal sepsis and negative (from blood donor) were analysed. The best results were obtained after reduction of the cell wall extracted material in SDS-PAGE. The different protein patterns depending on the strain and the method of bacteria cultivation were observed. The standardisation of Western-Blott technique was performed, including titration of the sera to get the best differentiation of the antigens. The difference in immunological reactivity of the positive and negative sera with staphylococcal antigens mixture showed rather quantitative than qualitative character.
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PMID:[Preparation of Staphylococcus aureus antigens for evaluation of their immunological reactivity with the human sera by the western blot method]. 178 32

Patients treated with high doses of interleukin-2 (IL-2) because of cancer, develop hemodynamic and vasopermeability changes, that resemble those observed in sepsis. These patients thus provide a unique opportunity to study the early events in the development of septic shock. We analysed the changes that occurred in the contact system of coagulation in plasma from 4 patients, who together received seven 12-day cycles of high doses of IL-2. Levels of factor XII and prekallikrein during the cycles progressively fell to 50 and 30% of their initial levels, respectively, whereas significant increases in plasma factor XIIa- and kallikrein-C1-inhibitor complexes were not observed (in 3 out of 211 samples slightly increased levels of both complexes were found). The reductions in factor XII and prekallikrein were only in part due to protein leakage, since levels were still significantly lower, i.e., 80 and 50%, respectively, when corrected for albumin decreases. Levels of high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) also decreased during IL-2 therapy, however, this decrease paralleled that of albumin. SDS-PAGE analysis of plasma HMWK did not reveal increased cleavage of this protein. The reduction of factor XII and prekallikrein, corrected for protein leakage, significantly correlated with albumin levels and inversely with daily cumulative weight gain in the patients. Thus, we demonstrate that factor XII and prekallikrein decrease during IL-2 therapy. As these decreases, already observed after 1 day treatment, were disproportional to that of albumin, a negative acute phase reactant, and correlated with signs of the vascular leak syndrome, we favor the explanation that they reflected activation rather than a decreased synthesis of the contact system proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Studies on the contact system of coagulation during therapy with high doses of recombinant IL-2: implications for septic shock. 187 10

Various studies have demonstrated pronounced systemic IgG response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection in cystic fibrosis (CF). However, antibody response to serotype-specific lipopolysaccharides (LPS) has never been studied. ELISA for detection of IgG antibodies to LPS of nine PA-serotypes and to toxin A were performed with serum of 78 CF patients. Anti-LPS profiles of antibodies were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting techniques. The most frequent PA-serotypes found were immunotypes (IT) IT-1 and IT-2, and Habs-3 and Habs-4. Ten patients without PA colonization showed no detectable antibody titers. In patients with chronic PA colonization (n = 46), these antibody titers were significantly (p less than 0.005) higher than in patients with intermittent PA colonization (n = 22). Mean serum antibody titers to LPS of PA IT-1, IT-2, Habs-3, and Habs-4 correlated with duration of PA colonization and with disease severity. Subclass analysis of anti-LPS antibodies revealed elevated levels for all four IgG subclasses and for IgA1. The IgG antibodies to LPS of PA proved to be protective in a murine burn wound sepsis model. We conclude that anti-LPS antibodies to specific PA serotypes in serum may be a sensitive measure of severity and prognosis of CF. Patients with CF show adequate functional immune response to LPS of PA, and it is possible that vaccination against PA before colonization could induce protective immunity.
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PMID:Serotype-specific serum IgG antibodies to lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis: correlation to disease, subclass distribution, and experimental protective capacity. 211 7

The immunophysical characteristics of 29 Serratia marcescens strains isolated from hospitalized patients in three different cities were studied. Their outer membrane antigens were compared by solid-phase radioimmunoassay inhibition, and their proteinase K-treated, whole-cell lysates were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblot analysis. The strains had a limited number of unique outer membrane lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and capsular polysaccharide (K) antigens. By solid-phase radioimmunoassay inhibition, these strains could be divided into four distinct LPS and five K antigenic groups. By SDS-PAGE, the LPS groups could be further divided into three distinct SDS-PAGE core polysaccharide profiles and five distinct O-side-chain polysaccharide profiles. Immunoblot analysis with rabbit antiserum confirmed the limited heterogeneity of these isolates. Of the strains tested, no PAGE profile was unique to blood or nonblood isolates or to organisms collected from a given hospital. Variability of O and core PAGE profiles was not a function of organism growth cycle. Five representative Serratia strains were tested by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis and in a bactericidal assay with normal human serum. We found that (i) the normal human serum had antibodies to the LPS of each of the strains, (ii) the anti-LPS antibody measured by immunoblot did not correlate with the level of bactericidal activity in the normal human serum, (iii) three of four sepsis isolates were serum sensitive, (iv) two Serratia strains serum sensitive in log-phase growth became serum resistant in late stationary-phase growth and under limiting nutrient conditions, and (v) no LPS PAGE profile distinguished serum-sensitive from serum-resistant strains.
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PMID:Immunophysical characterization of human isolates of Serratia marcescens. 240 11

Activation of both the complement system and the contact system of intrinsic coagulation is implicated in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Because C1 inhibitor (C1-Inh) regulates the activation of both cascade systems, we studied the characteristics of plasma C1-Inh in 48 patients with severe sepsis on admission to the Intensive Care Unit at the Free University of Amsterdam. The ratio between the level of functional and antigenic C1-Inh (functional index) was significantly reduced in the patients with sepsis compared with healthy volunteers (P = 0.004). The assessment of modified (cleaved), inactive C1-Inh (iC1-Inh), and complexed forms of C1-Inh (nonfunctional C1-Inh species) revealed that the reduced functional index was mainly due to the presence of iC1-Inh. On SDS-PAGE, iC1-Inh species migrated with a lower apparent molecular weight (Mr 98,000, 91,000, and 86,000) than native C1-Inh (Mr 110,000). Elevated iC1-Inh levels (greater than or equal to 0.13 microM) were found in 81% of all patients, sometimes up to 1.6 microM. Levels of iC1-Inh on admission appeared to be of prognostic value: iC1-Inh was higher in 27 patients who died than in 21 patients who survived (P = 0.003). The mortality in 15 patients with iC1-Inh levels up to 0.2 microM was 27%, but in 12 patients with plasma iC1-Inh exceeding 0.44 microM, the mortality was 83%. The overall mortality in the patients with sepsis was 56%. We propose that the cleavage of C1-Inh in patients with sepsis reflects processes that play a major role in the development of fatal complications during sepsis.
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PMID:Proteolytic inactivation of plasma C1- inhibitor in sepsis. 266 33

Eighteen white rabbits were subjected to a 30 per cent TBSA full thickness burn. Wound infection was found 9-13 days after injury and became severe a week or so later. ATPase activities, antioxidation ability, the proteins of erythrocyte membranes, and the Na+ contents of erythrocytes and serum were determined. The Ca++-ATPase activity was elevated during the first 17 days postburn, but showed a decline at the time of severe wound infection; the Na+,K+-ATPase activity showed peaks on postburn days 2 and 6, and then fluctuated above the preburn level. The change in Mg++-ATPase activity was similar to Na+,K+-ATPase. The erythrocyte Na+ content was increased, and the level of serum Na+ was decreased up to postburn day 6. Subsequently the erythrocyte Na+ was reduced and the serum Na+ increased up to day 17 postburn. The percentage of erythrocyte haemolysis in H2O2 was increased after the burn and became markedly so during wound infection, indicating that the antioxidation ability of burned rabbit erythrocytes was markedly impaired. During the period of wound infection, Coomassie blue-stained protein bands in SDS-polyacrylamide gel showed some changes in size and proportion in burned rabbits. For example, the second band was wider, the band 2 to band 1 ratio increased, and band 5 was smaller than before injury. These results seem to show that burn injury, especially when associated with sepsis, may affect both the structure and function of biological membranes.
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PMID:Changes in erythrocyte membranes in burned rabbits. 285 50


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