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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hypersensitivity reactions and deep sepsis are the primary forms of biologic failure of total joint arthroplasty. Hypersensitivity reactions appear to be related to metal debris associated with metal articulating with metal arthroplasties. Although the incidence of deep sepsis following total joint arthroplasty is lower than initially feared, it remains a serious problem for both the patient and the surgeon. Fixation of prosthetic devices with methyl methacrylate appears safe. However, improved methods of fixation which are more compatible with osseous tissue are currently under study. The advantages of porous materials and the results of laboratory studies are reviewed.
Mayo Clin Proc 1979 Sep
PMID:Total joint arthroplasty. Biologic causes of failure. 38 92

In a 20-day-old female infant, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, and pyogenic arthritis developed due to infection with group B streptococcus, type Ic. She had an unusual clinical presentation with overwhelming sepsis and acute congestive heart failure.
Am J Dis Child 1979 Sep
PMID:Group B streptococcal sepsis with osteomyelitis and arthritis. Its occurrence with acute heart failure. 38 36

The high morbidity after severe thermal insult is believed to be related partially to a resultant decrease in immunocompetence. We tested the ability of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and Concanavalin (Con A) to stimulate lymphocyte transformation in 17 patients with moderate to severe thermal injury (greater than 25% BSA). The patients acted as their own controls and the per cent change in their mitogen response was measured over time. Eight acutely burned patients who subsequently developed severe sepsis (Group I) had decreased ability (mean, 12% of normal) to proliferate in response to PHA, and six of these died of severe sepsis. The depressed response appeared 4 to 7 days postinjury and predated clinical evidence of sepsis by 2 to 4 days. Cells from four patients who had mild infectious complications (Group II) demonstrated greatly augmented mitogen responses (mean + 243%) approximately 7 to 10 days postinjury. Five burn patients whose clinical course was sepsis free (Group III) exhibited only minimal changes in their mitogen responses (mean +30%). Although the Con A responses of the patients' cells corresponded less to their pathology, Group I patients whose cells exhibited depressed PHA responsiveness also had diminished Con A responses. Group II patients' cells also showed increases in Con A-induced stimulation. Group III patients, who had only slightly augmented PHA responses, had minimal decreases of the Con A-induced lymphocyte transformation. Many severely burned patients develop septicemia as a result of their large wound surfaces. The appearance of decreases in mitogen-induced proliferation, however, appears to characterize those patients who will be unable to handle the septic challenge.
J Trauma 1979 Sep
PMID:Predicting fatal sepsis in burn patients. 38 11

A case of liquid propane cold injury is described. This injury was produced by evaporative heat loss, without ignition, from skin and underlying tissues. The cutaneous appearance was that of a flame burn but underlying deep tissue damage was present. Acute vascular compromise and progressive wound sepsis were complications which required surgical intervention. A liquid propane animal model was created which defined the pathophysiology of the clinical injury. The potential for this injury exists wherever volatile liquified gases are used.
J Trauma 1979 Sep
PMID:Liquid propane cold injury: a clinicopathologic and experimental study. 38 13

Two hundred and thirty consecutive patients undergoing laparotomy were randomly allocated to one of three single-dose intra-incisional prophylactic regimens: clindamycin, clindamycin plus cephaloridine, and cephaloridine alone. Wounds were classified on a bacteriological basis into four groups: clean, potentially contaminated, lightly contaminated and heavily contaminated. The first two of these groups had a low incidence of wound sepsis (6.6%), the third an incidence of 19.7% and the last of 53.1%. In the latter two groups clindamycin was a significantly less effective prophylactic than cephaloridine, and the combination of the two antibiotics was no more efficacious than cephaloridine alone. The high in vitro activity of cindamycin against Bacteroides species was not mirrored in vivo.
J Antimicrob Chemother 1979 Sep
PMID:The influence of intra-incisional clindamycin on the incidence of wound sepsis after abdominal operations. 38 4

Two cases of acute intravascular hemolysis complicating acute disseminated intravascular coagulation were presented, one after normal delivery and the other after group A beta hemolytic streptococcal septicemia complicating acute myelomonoblastic leukemia. Neither case received heparin therapy. The first one survived while the latter succumbed. Intravascular hemolysis may not be a bad prognostic sign in such a condition.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1979 Sep
PMID:Acute massive intravascular hemolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. 39 Jul 22

Infections, as a complication of umbilical artery catheterization, were studied in 65 sick newborn infants. Every second day during the catheterization period peripheral blood cultures as well as blood samples for white cell count and platelets were taken. Cultures were taken from the catheter tips and from the umbilicus at the time of withdrawal of the catheter. Local or systemic antibiotics were not used prophylactically, but on rather broad clinical indications. No case of septicemia was found, but 8 infants had positive blood cultures and 16 had positive catheter tip cultures. Positive catheter tip culture occurred more often in infants who were born before 32 weeks of gestational age. Neither the duration of the catheterization nor the treatment with antibiotics influenced significantly the frequency of positive cultures.
Acta Paediatr Scand 1979 Sep
PMID:Umbilical artery catheterization in newborns. II. Infections in relation to catheterization. 39 63

Our experience with 40 patients with eyelid and globe burns is reviewed. Initial emphasis should be placed on close monitoring, particularly of partially alert patients, debridement and treatment of corneal exposure with artificial tears and scleral shells when needed. The use of soft contact lenses in 2 patients with exposure was unsuccessful. Surgical treatment should be initiated when corneal exposure fails to respond to medical therapy. It is advisable to wait for the end stage of scarring so as to optimize chances for a single definitive correction. The use of retroauricular, supraclavicular or inner arm skin for grafting whenever possible is advised. The use of Frost sutures, tie-on dressings, and separate operations for upper and lower lids is recommended. Superficial wound sepsis is not a contraindication to grafting. Preoperative systemic or topical antibiotics do not seem to affect the outcome of the graft.
Ann Ophthalmol 1979 Sep
PMID:Thermal burns: the management of thermal burns of the lids and globes. 40 Mar 75

We performed field trials in the course of an epidemic in Finland to learn whether Group A memingococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine protects infants and young children from meningitis. The first trial involved 130,178 children between the ages of three months and five years; 49,295 children received the vaccine, 48,977 received a control Haemophilus influenzae Type b polysaccharide vaccine, and 31.906 remained unvaccinated. No cases of meningitis or sepsis caused by Group A meningococci were seen in the first year of observation among the children vaccinated with meningococcal vaccine whereas six occurred among those vaccinated with the H. influenzae vaccine and 13 among those not vaccinated. In the second trial 21,007 children of the same ages received the meningococcal vaccine. No cases caused by Group A occurred among those vaccinated, although five to seven would have been expected within the year. Meningococcal Group A vaccine appears efficacious in young infants and children.
N Engl J Med 1977 Sep 29
PMID:Clinical efficacy of meningococcus group A capsular polysaccharide vaccine in children three months to five years of age. 40 82

Alterations occur in human muscle electrolyte and water composition in response to infection. There appear to be at least two basic mechanisms; the first is an exchange of sodium for potassium without alteration in water content of muscle. The second is an increase in cellular Na and water without a loss of K on a dry weight basis. In a series of studies in monkeys, Salmonella typhimurium sepsis was induced as an experimental model. Both patterns of muscle response to infection were detected. Electron probe microanalysis revealed that the loss of K concentration was due to an accumulation of intracellular saline which dilute the K content. The mechanism of this is unclear; however, a concomitant increase in undertermined osmoles in the serum suggests that there may be an increase in organic osmoles within the cell which leads to the dilution of intracellular K concentration.
Am J Clin Nutr 1977 Sep
PMID:Sequential changes in body composition during infection: electron probe study IV. 40 71


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