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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examines the procedural success, complication, and restenosis rates in patients undergoing Palmaz-Schatz stenting of native coronary and saphenous vein graft ostial stenoses. All patients undergoing Palmaz-Schatz stent placement of ostial lesions (> or = 70% diameter stenosis within 3 mm from the arterial ostium) between November 1989 and February 1992 were included in this study. Patients were treated with aspirin dipyridamole, low molecular weight dextran, and heparin during the procedure and received systemic anticoagulation with warfarin for 1 month after the procedure. Angiographic measurements were obtained using electronic calipers. Coronary stents were placed in 41 ostial lesions of 41 patients. The target ostial stenosis was in a saphenous vein graft in 54% and a native coronary artery in 46% of lesions. The mean pre- and postprocedural minimal luminal diameters were 0.8 +/- 0.7 and 3.3 +/- 0.8 mm, respectively (p < 0.0001), corresponding to a mean diameter stenosis of 83.5 +/- 10.0% and 1.0 +/- 4.2%. Two patients had subacute stent thrombosis related to premature discontinuation of antithrombotic medications. Two patients died, 1 because of stent thrombosis and 1 because of progressive renal failure and sepsis. Angiographic follow-up was obtained at a mean of 5.8 +/- 1.8 months in 95% of patients with a successful stent procedure. The overall restenosis rate (> 50% diameter stenosis at follow-up) was 27.8%. Thus, stenting of ostial native coronary and vein graft stenoses can be performed with excellent angiographic and procedural success rates. Restenosis rates appear to be lower than expected using historical control subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Am J Cardiol 1995 Jan 01
PMID:Coronary stenting for treatment of ostial stenoses of native coronary arteries or aortocoronary saphenous venous grafts. 780 59

To predict hospital costs after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) from preoperative characteristics and postoperative complications, 4 analyses of the data were used: (1) a univariate analysis of each preoperative and postoperative variable, (2) a multivariate analysis of the preoperative variables (model 1), (3) a multivariate analysis of the postoperative variables (model 2), and (4) a multivariate analysis of pre- and postoperative variables (model 3). Eight-hundred seven patients who underwent a first-time CABG at Emory University during 1990 were analyzed in this study. Using model 1, the determinants of costs were higher angina grade (p = 0.0006), previous myocardial infarction (p = 0.0133), older age (p = 0.0001), congestive heart failure (p = 0.0001), and a higher number of diseased vessels (p = 0.0001). For model 2, the determinants of costs were adult respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.0073), intraaortic balloon pumping (p < 0.0001), pneumonia (p < 0.0001), septicemia p < 0.0001), major arrhythmia (p < 0.0001), reexploration for bleeding (p < 0.0001), wound infection (p = 0.0632), neurologic event (p = 0.0013), fluid overload (p = 0.0516), and absence of pericarditis (p = 0.0588). For univariate analysis, the determinants of increased costs were similar to those from models 1 and 2. Although there is considerable variance in hospital costs for any number of complications, utilized resources (costs) increase inexorably as patients have more complications after coronary surgery. The mean cost to the hospital for the 382 patients who underwent CABG and experienced no complications was $16,776.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Am J Cardiol 1994 Oct 15
PMID:Predicting hospital costs for first-time coronary artery bypass grafting from preoperative and postoperative variables. 794 47

The authors report on a cooperative study of 43 cases of bacterial pericarditis observed in children. This disorder was suspected in patients with septicemia who developed symptoms and signs of pericarditis (precordial pain, muffled heart sounds, pericardial friction rub, cardiomegaly). Early diagnosis of this condition is now facilitated by echocardiography. A combination of medical and surgical treatments (appropriate antibiotic therapy after culture and sensitivity tests and early pericardial drainage) led to complete recovery in almost all of the cases (42 of 43). After long-term follow-up, no cases of constrictive pericarditis were observed.
Am J Cardiol 1994 Oct 15
PMID:Bacterial pericarditis in infancy and childhood. 794 55

Antenatal closure of the ductus arteriosus has been considered as a potential risk factor for the development of hydrops fetalis and persistent fetal circulation of the newborn. We present an infant with antenatal ductal closure who had not received prenatal prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors. The pulmonary vascular morphological findings are described and compared to three additional infants in whom the ductus arteriosus was known to be patent; one with neonatal sepsis and two others with hydrops fetalis. The infants with fetal hydrops, regardless of etiology, had increased muscularization of the acinar pulmonary arteries. In addition, the infant with antenatal closure of the ductus arteriosus also had both a significant decrease in preacinar arterial external diameter and an increase in medial wall thickness. Antenatal closure of the ductus arteriosus appears to enhance in utero pulmonary blood flow and this may be the cause of pulmonary vascular remodeling.
Pediatr Cardiol
PMID:Pulmonary vasculature changes associated with idiopathic closure of the ductus arteriosus and hydrops fetalis. 799 17

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used in neonates for a variety of disease states including congenital diaphragmatic hernia, meconium aspiration syndrome, sepsis, and postoperative cardiac compromise. To our knowledge, ECMO has not been employed prior to cardiac catheterization in critical aortic stenosis (CAS). We report a neonatal case of CAS where ECMO was used early as a form of left ventricular assist to achieve adequate systemic perfusion and oxygenation and reduce myocardial ischemia. The patient was maintained on ECMO during subsequent attempts at cardiac catheterization, balloon valvuloplasty, and operative valvotomy.
Pediatr Cardiol
PMID:ECMO for left ventricular assist in a newborn with critical aortic stenosis. 811 71

The authors report their experience of the clinical and echocardiographic aspects and course of tricuspid infectious endocarditis, based upon 12 cases collected between September 1985 and December 1992. The diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of the association of signs of septicemia (12 cases), at least two positive blood cultures for the same organism (9 cases) and well-defined vegetations seen by trans-thoracic echocardiography (12 cases). All patients were young women: mean age = 21.8 +/- 4.7. None were heroin addicts but one was positive for human immune deficiency virus. Tricuspid infectious endocarditis was most often acute (9 cases), primary (10 cases, post-abortum (11 cases), due to Staphylococcus aureus (5 cases), and complicated by cardiac failure (12 cases) and lung abscess (4 cases). Four patients died of septicemia (2 cases), of cardiac failure and lung abscess (2 cases). One had severe tricuspid incompetence requiring surgery. It has not yet been possible to operate on this patient because of the lack of cardiac surgery facilities in Congo. The prevention of tricuspid infectious endocarditis depends above all on the fight against clandestine abortions and against the development of intravenous drug abuse.
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1993 Dec
PMID:[Tricuspid infectious endocarditis in Brazzaville. Apropos of 12 cases]. 811 50

Most patient with sepsis and septic shock develop significant derangements of myocardial function. The presence of a circulating myocardial depressant substance (MDS) has been suggested to be the major cause of myocardial depression in sepsis and septic shock. MDS is still not fully characterized by chemical means, and there is no consensus regarding its identity. Nevertheless, high levels of MDS activity can be found in sera from patients with sepsis and septic shock. Furthermore, MDS has been shown to have a number of specific characteristics. These characteristics have also been described with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), a cytokine that is well recognized to be a primary mediator in the pathogenesis of infection, tissue injury, inflammation and shock. In this review it is suggested that TNF is an MDS, and that the cardiovascular injury and myocardial depression during sepsis and septic shock involve a final common pathway, where TNF may have an important role in this common pathway.
Int J Cardiol 1993 Dec 31
PMID:Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as a myocardial depressant substance. 813 31

Utilization of endocavitary defibrillation electrodes avoids thoracotomy used in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator procedures, reducing associated morbi-mortality. In our institution we have used this approach in 16 patients during a two years period (July 1990-July 1992). Fifteen were males, with a mean age of 56.9 +/- 10.6 (range 32-73). Nine patients suffered ischemic cardiomyopathy, 4 non ischemic cardiomyopathy and in three there was no structural heart disease. Mean ejection fraction was 44.3 +/- 18.3% (range 20-73%). Clinical arrhythmia was ventricular tachycardia in 8 cases, ventricular fibrillation in 6 cases and both types in 2. Endocavitary implantation procedure was not completed in 3 patients, thus an open trans-sternal approach was performed. In 13 patients it was completed successfully, using a total amount of 14 units (1 patient required two procedures due to sepsis in the generator pouch). Most important intraoperative incidences have been defibrillation thresholds between 20-24 J in 4 cases, displacement of defibrillation electrode from vena cava into coronary sinus in 4 cases, epicardial patch implantation via subcostal approach in 1 case and right ventricle perforation in 1 case. No operative mortality was registered. One patient suffered sudden death during follow-up. Surgical complications were few: 1 case of lead dislodgement and 1 infected wound in the generator's pouch. Non-surgical complications were also few: 1 case with superior vena cava syndrome and 1 patient with inadequate discharges. In conclusion, due to our early experience, we believe that endocavitary implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is the procedure of choice at the present time.
Arch Inst Cardiol Mex
PMID:[The implantable endocavitary cardioverter-defibrillator: the initial and short-term results]. 821

Eleven cases of intracardiac thrombi caused by different factors including protein-C deficiency are presented for discussion of the etiology and predisposing factors of intracardiac thrombi during infancy and childhood, and to stress the importance of protein-C deficiency as an etiological factor. Thrombi were localised in the left heart in five patients and right heart in five patients. One patient had both-sided thrombi. Four of our patients had dilated cardiomyopathy, one had mitral valve hypoplasia, and one had pulmonary valvar stenosis as the predisposing factors for thrombus formation. In three patients whose cardiac anatomies were completely normal, we determined protein-C deficiency as an etiological factor of thrombus formation. One of these had congenital protein-C deficiency and the other two had acquired temporary protein-C deficiency due to sepsis. In conclusion we recommend that protein-C deficiency should be investigated as an etiological factor in all cases of intracardiac thrombi irrespective of whether or not another predisposing factor is identified.
Int J Cardiol 1993 Jul 15
PMID:Intracardiac thrombosis diagnosed by echocardiography in childhood: predisposing and etiological factors. 822 59

A twenty one years old man with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with resting gradient and which develops subacute infectious endocarditis and acute mitral regurgitation by valvular apparatus destruction. During the course occurs refractory heart failure and sepsis. The association between these diseases and difficulties in management are analyzed, and literature is reviewed. It is emphasized the high mortality of this condition and indication for surgical referral, as well the necessity for infectious endocarditis prophylaxis in patients with obstruction at rest.
Arq Bras Cardiol 1993 Jul
PMID:[Refractory heart failure and sepsis in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. 828 67


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