Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prophylactic appendicectomy was performed on 56 consenting patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The control group consisted of 60 patients. Both groups were well matched in respect of age, sex, build and type of incision. All patients received a single i.v. dose of 1 g Cefazolin sodium and 500 mg Metronidazole at induction of anaesthesia. Postoperative wound sepsis occurred in 5.4% of the appendicectomy group and in 6.7% of the control group. Residual intra-abdominal sepsis did not occur in either group. The mean duration of postoperative hospital stay was 9.1 days (SD +/- 1.63) in the appendicectomy group and 8.5 days (SD +/- 1.85) in the control group. These differences were not statistically significant. Six (10.7%) of the appendices removed were abnormal, including two with inflammation. The conclusion of this study is that prophylactic appendicectomy can be performed safely during elective cholecystectomy provided that it is done without undue manipulation and the patient is protected with an effective prophylactic antibiotic regimen.
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PMID:Prophylactic appendicectomy during elective cholecystectomy: effects on morbidity. A prospective controlled study. 270 95

In a randomized prospective study, two different regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis have been tested: four-day cefazolin prophylaxis (Kefzol 0.5 gr every 6 h) compared with two-day cefuroxime administration (Zinacef 1.5 gr every 12 h). A total of 569 patients in the two groups were studied in a 10 month period. Haematological, liver function, serum creatinine and urea measurement were made preoperatively and repeated daily for the first four days and after one week. At least five chest X-rays were taken during the hospitalisation. Body temperature was measured regularly every two hours in the ICU and a least twice a day thereafter. The wounds were examined daily and the patients were carefully observed for other infections. Bacteriological examinations of the tips of all inserted catheters and pacemaker wires were undertaken on removal in the first four months of the trial. Swabs of any tracheal or wound secretion or pus taken for bacteriological examinations as also blood cultures in any suspected septicaemia. Of the 569 patients three had to be withdrawn from the study. Of the assessable ones 285 received cefuroxime and 281 were given cefazolin. Seven patients (1.2%) died postoperatively. The total infection rate was 5.5%: 5.7% in the cefazolin group and 5.3% in the cefuroxime group. The overall wound infection rate was 1.8%: 2.5% in the cefazolin group and 1.1% in the cefuroxime group. Septicaemia occurred in 0.5% of the cases. Pneumonia occurred in 11 (1.9%) patients; 1.5% in the cefazolin and 2.5% in the cefuroxime group. Seven patients (1.2%) developed a urinary tract infection; 1.4% in the cefazolin group and 1.1% in the cefuroxime group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in cardiovascular surgery. A prospective randomized trial comparing two day cefuroxime prophylaxis with four day cefazolin prophylaxis. 351 30

Two different forms of cephalosporin prophylaxis were investigated in a prospective randomized comparative study: a one-day cefazoline prophylaxis (Kefzol 0.5 g every six hours) and a single dose of ceftriaxone (Rocephin 2 g). A total of 541 patients were included in the study over 10 months: 272 in the cefazoline (CFZ) group and 269 in the ceftriaxone (CRO) group. The patients were checked postoperatively for an infection. The total rate of infections was 4.7%; 4.6% in the CFZ group and 4.8% in the CRO group. A wound infection occurred in 1.1% of the cases, in 0.4% of the CFZ group and in 1.8% of the CRO group. Septicemia was diagnosed in 1.5% of the operated patients; in 1.2% of the patients treated with CFZ and in 1.8% of the patients treated with CRO. 1.3% of the patients developed pneumonia, 1.8% in the CFZ and 0.8% in the CRO group. Only one patient had a urinary tract infection (CFZ group). Furthermore, two double infections occurred in the CFZ group. A double infection was observed only once in the CRO group. Fever of unclear etiology developed in 3.6% of the patients in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference with regard to the rate of infection between the two groups. A single administration of ceftriaxone prophylaxis is accordingly just as effective as a one-day cefazoline prophylaxis. Despite reduction of the antibiotic application, the rate of infection has not risen in the last five years. The single application is advantageous compared to longer-term applications.
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PMID:[Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in heart and vascular surgery. A prospective randomized comparative study with cefazolin and ceftriaxone]. 354 70

In a randomized prospective study, two different regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis have been tested: 4-day cefazolin prophylaxis (Kefzol, 0.5 g every 6 h) compared with 2-day cefuroxime administration (Zinacef, 1.5 g every 12 h). A total of 569 patients in the two groups were studied over a 10 months' period. Hematological, liver-function, serum creatinine and urea measurements were performed preoperatively and repeated daily for the first four days and after one week. At least five chest X-rays were taken during the hospitalization. Body temperature was measured regularly every two hours in the ICU and at least twice daily thereafter. The wounds were examined daily and the patients were carefully observed for other infections. Bacteriological examinations of the tips of all inserted catheters and pacemaker wires were undertaken on removal in the first four months of the trial. Swabs of any tracheal or wound secretion or pus were taken for bacteriological examinations, and blood cultures were performed for any suspected septicemia. Of the 569 patients, 3 had to be withdrawn from the study. Of the assessable patients, 285 received cefuroxime and 281 were given cefazolin. Seven patients (1.2%) died intra- or postoperatively. The total infection rate was 5.5%; 5.7% in the cefazolin group and 5.3% in the cefuroxime group. The overall wound infection rate was 1.8%; 2.5% in the cefazolin group and 1.1% in the cefuroxime group. Septicemia occurred in 0.5%, pneumonia in 11 patients (1.9%); 1.5% in the cefazolin and 2.5% in the cefuroxime group. Seven patients (1.2%) developed a urinary tract infection; 1.4% on the cefazolin group and 1.1% in the cefuroxime group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A prospective, randomized comparative study between cefazolin and cefuroxime as perioperative antibiotic prevention in cardiovascular surgery]. 636 32