Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A reproducible experimental model of intra-abdominal infections in rats has been devised in order to simulate intra-abdominal sepsis in patients. Pre-operatively, the rats were fed lean ground beef for two weeks in order to change the intestinal flora to one similar to that of humans. A 1-cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and intestinal continuity was re-established by an end-to-end anastomosis. The segment of ileum was then returned to the abdominal cavity. This experimental model was used to compare the efficacy of L-627 with the combination of gentamicin plus metronidazole. Eighty per cent of the untreated animals died within three days. Animals treated with L-627 or gentamicin plus metronidazole had significantly decreased mortality and increased cure rates during the experimental period. Only two animals in the two treatment groups died. L-627 seems to be as useful as gentamicin plus metronidazole in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections.
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PMID:Efficacy of L-627, a new carbapenem, in the treatment of experimentally induced intra-abdominal infections in rats. 130 52

A reproducible experimental model of intra-abdominal infections in rats has been devised in order to simulate intra-abdominal sepsis in patients. Preoperatively, the rats were fed with lean ground beef for two weeks in order to change the intestinal flora to one similar to that of humans. A 1-cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and intestinal continuity was reestablished by an end-to-end anastomosis. The segment of ileum was then returned to the abdominal cavity. This experimental model was used to compare the efficacy of tosufloxacin alone and in combination with metronidazole, with the combination gentamicin and metronidazole in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. Eighty per cent of the untreated animals died within three days. Within three days 20% of the animals receiving tosufloxacin died. Animals treated with tosufloxacin plus metronidazole or gentamicin plus metronidazole had a significantly decreased mortality and increased cure rates during the experimental period. Only 5% of these animals died. Thus the combination of tosufloxacin and metronidazole seems to be as successful as gentamicin plus metronidazole in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections.
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PMID:Efficacy of tosufloxacin in the treatment of experimentally induced intra-abdominal infections in rats. 142 8

A 1-year prospective audit of 2233 operations performed by one general surgical unit in a Central African teaching hospital is presented. In addition to the usual 'general surgical' procedures, operations also included emergency craniotomy, reconstructive surgery for open fractures, and hysterectomy. There were 37 (1.7%) postoperative deaths and 45 other deaths in non-operated patients. Ten of 14 deaths due to sepsis in the 20-40-year age group were associated with HIV infection. The implications for teaching and training of surgical specialists in the tropics are discussed.
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PMID:Audit of 'surgery in general' in an African teaching hospital. 177 10

A 1-month-old boy without precedent clinical signs of heart disease died unexpectedly. At autopsy, the child was found to have origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva immediately leftward to the thickening of the aortic wall at the cuspal commissure and adjacent to the ostium of the left main coronary artery. The association of this coronary anomaly with otherwise unexplained prenatal or early postnatal death has only recently been appreciated as a potential cause of sudden infant death and mimic of sepsis, dysrhythmias, congestive heart failure, or metabolic storage diseases.
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PMID:Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva. 208 42

A reproducible experimental model of intra-abdominal infections in rats has been developed in order to simulate intra-abdominal sepsis in patients. A 1-cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and intestinal continuity was re-established by an end-to-end anastomosis. Dactimicin is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic with a broad antibacterial spectrum including both aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The experimental model was used to compare the efficacy of dactimicin in combination with clindamycin with the combination gentamicin/clindamycin in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. Of the untreated animals, 70% died within two days. Animals treated with dactimicin plus clindamycin or gentamicin plus clindamycin exhibited significantly decreased mortality and increased cure rates during the experimental period. Only 5% of these animals died. Thus the combination dactimicin/clindamycin seems to be useful in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections.
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PMID:Efficacy of dactimicin plus clindamycin compared with gentamicin plus clindamycin in the treatment of experimental intra-abdominal infections in rats. 209 44

A 1-year experience of percutaneous subclavian catheterization in outpatients with cancer was reviewed to document reliability, safety, and cost. There were 763 catheter insertions attempted with prospective documentation of complications in 664 consecutive patients. Catheter insertion was successful in 722 attempts (95%). There were only 13 pneumothoraces (2%). Thirty catheters required repositioning (4%). The average catheter duration was 191 days (range: 0 to 892 days). Fifty-six catheters (8%) were removed because of suspected infection. Documented catheter sepsis occurred in 21 patients (3%); catheter site infection occurred in 8 patients (1%). Thus, only 0.22 infections per catheter year occurred during this 382 catheter-year experience. The estimated cost of catheter insertion was $562, which is one-third the estimated cost for tunneled catheters ($1,403) and for reservoir devices ($1,738). In our experience, percutaneous subclavian catheterization is a reliable, cost-effective method compared with tunneled or reservoir devices, with an equivalent incidence of catheter-related infections. The cornerstone of our success with this program is a staff dedicated to catheter care and intensive patient education. In centers where a large number of patients require central venous access, percutaneous catheterization should be the technique of choice.
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PMID:Outpatient percutaneous central venous access in cancer patients. 225 35

A 1-year-old boy who had had recurrent episodes of sepsis was found to have transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy and was treated with gammaglobulin supplements. He subsequently remained IgA deficient and a regulatory T cell imbalance was found.
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PMID:Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy with severe bacterial infections and persistent IgA deficiency. 242 77

A reproducible experimental model of intra-abdominal infections in rats has been worked out in order to simulate intra-abdominal sepsis in patients. A 1-cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and intestinal continuity was reestablished by an end-to-end anastomosis. Dactimicin is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic and has a broad antibacterial spectrum including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria. The experimental model was used to compare the efficacy of dactimicin alone and in combination with metronidazole with the combination gentamicin and metronidazole in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. Many of the untreated animals (70%) died within 2 days. Within 7 days 40% of the animals receiving dactimicin died. Animals treated with dactimicin plus metronidazole or gentamicin plus metronidazole had a significantly decreased mortality and increased cure rates during the experimental period. Only 5% of these animals died. Thus the combination dactimicin and metronidazole seems to be useful in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections.
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PMID:Efficacy of dactimicin in the treatment of experimentally induced intra-abdominal infections. 275 9

A reproducible experimental model of intraabdominal infections in rats has been developed in order to stimulate intraabdominal sepsis in patients. Preoperatively, the rats were fed with lean ground beef for two weeks in order to change the intestinal flora to one similar to that of humans. A 1-cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and intestinal continuity was re-established by an end-to-end anastomosis. The segment of ileum was then returned to the abdominal cavity. This experimental model was used to compare the efficacy of ciprofloxacin alone and in combination with clindamycin with the combination gentamicin and clindamycin in the treatment of intraabdominal infections. Eighty per cent of the untreated animals died within four days. Within six days, 30% of the animals receiving ciprofloxacin died. Animals treated with ciprofloxacin plus clindamycin or gentamicin plus clindamycin had a significantly decreased mortality and increased cure rates during the experimental period. Only 5% of these animals died. Thus the combination of ciprofloxacin and clindamycin seems to be as successful as gentamicin plus ciprofloxacin in the treatment of intraabdominal infections.
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PMID:Effect of ciprofloxacin compared to gentamicin in the treatment of experimental intraabdominal infections in rats. 275 52

A 1 year follow-up study of 289 low birth weight infants (LBW) was carried out during 1984-85 in slums of Bombay: 151 were males and 138 were females. 52.9% of babies had birth weight less than 2.5 kg. Male children suffered 9.7 and females 8.6 episodes of sickness per year. Annual mean episodes of illness were: diarrhea 3.2, cough 5.3, and fever 4.8. Upper respiratory tract infection was considered fever. 98.6% breast fed successfully in the 1st week keeping it up for 2 months. Of 209 mothers, 88.5% had weaned their babies before 6 months. Commercial formula was used by only 1 mother whose baby had gastroenteritis and dies. Of 289 infants, bottle feeding was done in only 3 cases. Feeding with bowl and spoon was done in 71.3% of infants, 27.7% were not weaned at all with breastfeeding lasting 1 year. Most babies lost weight around the 7th and 8th months of life along with maximum episodes of sickness. Babies below 2 kg showed accelerated growth after weaning, and achieved grade I nutritional status. 2.7 to 3 kg weight babies failed to show any gain from the 5th month, thus advanced to 3rd grade malnutrition. 6 deaths occurred, 4 of which had birth weights less than 2 kg. 2 babies died of gastroenteritis and septicemia during the 4th and 5th month. Mortality in babies born less than 2 kg was 44.4% and above 2 kg birth weight was less that 1%. The infant mortality rate (IMR) was 38/1000 live births vs. the national range of 39-177. Prematurity caused 1.2% of deaths. Antenatal care, detection of at risk pregnancies, proper feeding and weaning practices, and complete immunization coverage can help reduce IMR in slums, and the goal of a rate below 60 by the year 2000 is feasible.
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PMID:Care of low birth weight babies in slums. 280 50


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