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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mouse model of intraperitoneal meningococcal sepsis was used to evaluate the antiendotoxic activity of polymyxin B sulfate independent of its antibiotic effects. Administered either before or after the infective challenge therapeutic doses of polymyxin B sulfate produced small but significant increases in survival over unprotected animals. These results also suggest that endotoxin contributes to the outcome in this variety of Gram-negative infection.
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PMID:Protective effect of polymyxin B sulfate in experimental meningococcal infection in mice. 20 Mar 29

Transrectal biopsy of the prostate resulted in anaerobic septicemia in two patients, despite parenteral gentamicin sulfate prophylaxis. Bacteroides fragilis sepsis developed subacutely in one patient having a postbiopsy pelvic abscess. Clostridium perfringens sepsis occurred fulminantly in another patient 24 hours after biopsy of a gland extensively involved with adenocarcinoma. These cases indicate a potential hazard of sepsis due to anaerobic contamination with rectal microflora at the time of transrectal prostatic biopsy and the futility of prophylaxis directed only at aerobic bacteria.
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PMID:Anaerobic septicemia after transrectal prostatic biopsy. 20 64

The mouse model of intraperitoneal enterobacterial sepsis was used to evaluate the anti-endotoxic effect of polymyxin B sulfate. Single or multiple therapeutic doses of polymyxin, administered either before or after lethal challenge with Serratia marcescens, produced statistically and clinically significant protective effects.
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PMID:Protective effect of polymyxin B sulfate in experimental enterobacterial infection in mice. 23 6

Ninety-two patients with cancer with 100 infectious episodes were treated with netilmicin sulfate, a new aminoglycoside. Netilmicin was administered intravenously, either intermittently or by continuous infusion. The overall cure rate was 60%. Gram-negative bacilli were the most common causative organisms and the response rate for these infections was 32/53 (60%). The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and septicemia were the most common types of infection treated and the response rates were 23/47 (49%), 19/21 (90%), and 9/17 (53%), respectively. Nephrotoxicity occurred in ten patients (6%) who had normal renal function initially. Netilmicin is an effective aminoglycoside with a spectrum of antibacterial activity similar to that of gentamicin sulfate and it appears to be less nephrotoxic.
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PMID:Netilmicin in the treatment of infections in patients with cancer. 38 89

Infections caused by gentamicin sulfate-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens have occurred in multiple areas of our hospitals and have caused serious clinical illness and death. Isolates of Pseudomonas organisms were sensitive to some alternative drugs including collstin sulfate, but isolates of Serratia organisms were often resistant to all commercially available parenteral antimicrobiais. All isolates were inhibited by amikacin sulfate, and 95% were killed by concentrations achievable in serum with recommended doses. Twenty patients with hospital-acquired infections, including ten with septicemia, were treated with amikacin. Eighteen of the 20 patients had a good clinical and bacteriologic response. Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity each occurred in one patient.
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PMID:Gentamicin-resistant bacillary infection. Clinical features and amikacin therapy. 41 74

The clinical course of 11 patients with neonatal group D streptococcal septicemia is reviewed. Two of the infants died and hydrocephalus developed in one. Group D Streptococcus, both enterococci and nonenterococci, should be considered pathogenic in the neonate until proved otherwise. The antibiotics of choice for treating such infections in the newborn are ampicillin sodium and either kanamycin sulfate or gentamicin sulfate.
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PMID:Group D streptococcal septicemia in the neonate. 43 74

In a 75-year-old man, agranulocytosis and septicemia developed after eight weeks of quinidine sulfate therapy. An IgG antibody requiring the presence of quinidine was shown by complement-dependent leukocytotoxicity and leukoagglutination reactions. The antibody did not cross-react with quinine and was active against WBCs obtained from normal subjects and from the patient himself.
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PMID:Quinidine-induced agranulocytosis. 57 79

Twenty-five patients were treated with ticarcillin disodium, 18 of whom had anaerobic infections that included pleuropulmonary infections (seven), mandibular osteomyelitis (four), perirectal abscess (two), sepsis, primary site unknown (one), liver abscess (one), pelvic abscess (one), decubitus ulcer (one), and synergistic gangrene (one). Seven had no anaerobic infections. Three had anaerobic septicemia. Culture results included anaerobes: peptococci (ten), peptostreptococci (ten), Bacteroides fragilis (six), Bacteroides not fragilis (ten), eubacteria (three), fusobacteria (two), Clostridium (one), Veillonella (one), and acidaminococcus (one); aerobes: Proteus (three), Klebsiella (two), Escherichia coli (two), and streptococci (two). Six patients with mixed aerobic infections initially received gentamicin sulfate in addition. The serum levels were 110 +/- 20 microgram/ml one hour after intravenous infusion of 5 g of ticarcillin disodium. All anaerobic isolates were susceptible at less than or equal to 100 microgram/ml and 85% by less than or equal to 25 microgram/ml of ticarcillin. Sixteen patients responded well to ticarcillin and two failed to respond. Our study suggests that ticarcillin is useful in the treatment of anaerobic infections.
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PMID:Ticarcillin disodium in anaerobic infections. 71 11

Tobramycin sulfate, a new bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic, has been evaluated in 3,506 patients. Its in vitro activity is similar to that of other aminoglycoside antibiotics, except that it is more active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clincal studies have shown that tobramycin sulfate is well tolerated and effective in the treatment of the infections listed below when they are caused by susceptible gram-negative organisms and by staphylococci: infections of the respiratory tract (including cystic fibrosis), central nervous system, skin, soft tissue, and bone (including burns); urinary tract and intraabdominal infections; and septicemia. The overall response was satisfactory in greater than 86% of the patients. Drug-related adverse effects were reported in 3.9% of the patients, and included reactions in the nervous system in 0.6% and in the kidney in 1.5%.
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PMID:Tobramycin sulfate: a summary of worldwide experience from clinical trials. 78 50

Antibacterial activity of gentamycin sulfate was studied in vitro and in treatment of albino mice with experimental infections. Gentamycin was superior to kanamycin with respect to its antibacterial effect against clinical strains of Staphylococcus, Coli bacteria, Proteus and Ps. aeruginosa. High efficiency of gentamycin was found with respect to acute and chronic staphylococcal infection, acute Proteus and Coli sepsis. The antibiotic was characterized by low LD50, high chemotherapeutic index, rapid decrease in isolation of the causative agent from the animal organs. The activity of gentamycin against infections caused by Ps. aeruginosa was the main advantage of gentamycin in comparison to kanamycin.
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PMID:[Experimental study of the chemotherapeutic activity of gentamicin sulfate]. 79 17


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