Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Certain foreign materials have been demonstrated to enhance the infectivity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Whole blood and other protein compounds encountered in surgical settings or trauma were tested for their effect on infectivity of nonsporeforming anaerobic bacteria. Infectious synergistic mixtures of Bacteroides fragilis plus Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Bacteroides melaninogenicus plus Fusobacterium necrophorum were each diluted to a barely noninfectious or minimally infectious concentration (subinfective inoculum) that was injected intraperitoneally into mice alone and in combination with test proteins. Infectivity was measured by deaths from sepsis or abscess(es) within the abdominal cavity at autopsy at 1 week. Two hemostatic agents, Gelfoam powder and Avitene (final concentrations, 10 mg/ml), and crystalline hemoglobin (4 g/100 ml) each produced a marked increase (P < 0.001) in the rate of infection when mixed with a normally subinfective inoculum of either bacterial mixture. Fresh homologous mouse blood (0.25 ml) injected intraperitoneally without anticoagulant also significantly enhanced infectivity (P < 0.01) of a subinfective inoculum of B. fragilis plus P. anaerobius. These studies demonstrated the capacity of whole blood, hemoglobin, and hemostatic agents to enhance the infectivity of certain nonsporeforming anaerobic bacteria. The high concentrations of anaerobic bacteria in the gastrointestinal, female genital, and respiratory tracts produce an increased risk of human infection after surgery or trauma in these sites; the protein agents studied here may further enhance infection.
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PMID:Enhancement of experimental anaerobic infections by blood, hemoglobin, and hemostatic agents. 63 83

The spleen is a frequently injured organ in abdominal trauma. Because of complications, specially post-splenectomy sepsis, conservative treatment is recommended whenever possible, either by adequate medical treatment or by conservative surgery. 65 consecutive cases of proven splenic injuries by bullets or shrapnells were admitted at St George's Hospital between 1978 and 1987. Splenectomy was done in 55 patients with almost always abdominal or thoracic associated lesions. 7 patients had a conservative surgical treatment (suture 3 cases, suture with epiploplasty 2 cases, suture with Gelfoam 1 case, partial resection with epiploplasty 1 case). 3 cases had a conservative medical treatment. Clinical, biological and radiological criterias for a medical or conservative surgical management, are defined.
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PMID:[Splenic conservation in gunshot wounds]. 194 76

A malignant rectal carcinoid metastatic to the liver presents a formidable challenge. The uniformly fatal course in patients with liver metastases (average survival of 2 years) justifies an aggressive approach. Although in an occasional patient the tumor is resectable, most are managed by chemotherapy, which generally is of limited effectiveness. Although certain drug combinations such as 5-fluorouracil and streptozotocin have achieved higher response rates, these responses are often brief (3 to 4 months) and poorly documented. Surgical hepatic dearterialization and, more recently, hepatic intraarterial embolization are quite effective in inducing regression in a variety of hepatic neoplasms, including metastatic carcinoids, but these are usually temporary. We have been timely instructed on the value of combined therapy by a patient who is a long-term survivor of a metastatic carcinoid to the liver. She is the only survivor among a group of 14 patients who had an average survival of 17 months. This patient emphasizes the benefit of combined hepatic dearterialization and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic carcinoid to the liver. She initially had intrahepatic infusion of 5-fluorouracil and streptozotocin through the surgically placed hepatic artery and portal vein catheters, but this was curtailed after 2 months because of catheter sepsis. She then had four sequential selective hepatic intraarterial embolizations with Gelfoam over a 16 month period. She also received systemic therapy with 5-fluorouracil and streptozotocin during a major portion of this period (10 months). Significant tumor regression was documented radiologically. Although she had another trial with intrahepatic chemotherapy infusion using surgically placed catheters, this was again discontinued because of catheter sepsis, and systemic chemotherapy was resumed. Currently, the patient is asymptomatic, has excellent performance status, and continues to show objective tumor regression on a program of systemic therapy with fluorodeoxyuridine and doxorubicin. She has survived more than 7 years with liver metastases from a rectal carcinoid.
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PMID:Malignant rectal carcinoid: a sequential multidisciplinary approach for successful treatment of hepatic metastases. 397 Mar 17