Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Propofol is a potent lipophilic anesthetic that was initially formulated in Cremophor El for human use. Because of the occurrence of Cremophor EL anaphylaxis and improvements in the quality of lipid emulsions, it was ultimately brought to market as 1% propofol formulated in 10% soybean oil emulsion. Emulsions represent complex formulation compositions whose suitability for intravenous administration is dependent on a number of factors. Despite the success of propofol emulsions, drawbacks to such formulations include inherent emulsion instability, injection pain, a need for antimicrobial agents to prevent sepsis, and a concern of hyperlipidemia-related side effects. Efforts to overcome such drawbacks have involved the development of propofol emulsions with altered propofol and lipid contents, the addition of different excipients to emulsions for antimicrobial activity, and study of nonemulsion formulations including propofol-cyclodextrin and propofol-polymeric micelle formulations. In addition, a number of propofol prodrugs have been made and evaluated.
 ...
PMID:Propofol: the challenges of formulation. 1619 80

Malassezia furfur, an etiological agent of catheter-associated fungemia, requires long-chain fatty acids for in vitro growth. We examined the applicability of rDNA sequence analysis, autoaggregation testing in liquid culture, utilization of parenteral lipid emulsions, and phospholipase activity for discrimination of catheter-associated M. furfur strains. The rDNA sequence types of catheter-associated M. furfur strains were distinct from those of other isolates. All M. furfur isolates recovered from blood culture bottles and the tips of catheters from patients receiving fat emulsion therapy were type I-3. Only M. furfur isolate GIFU 01 from a blood culture bottle showed no autoaggregation in liquid culture. All strains of M. furfur examined grew well on Sabouraud's dextrose agar supplemented with Intralipid lipid emulsion as compared to individual Tweens (20, 40, 60, 80) and Cremophor EL. A high percentage of type I-3 M. furfur strains (80.0%) showed very high phospholipase activity compared to type I-1 and I-4 strains obtained from healthy skin of the same subjects or healthy control subjects (20.0% and 0.0%, respectively). The blood culture bottle isolate GIFU 01 showed very high lipolytic enzymes activity for Intralipid but no phospholipase activity. These results suggest that particular factors, such as non-autoaggregation and very high lipolytic enzyme activity for parenteral lipid emulsions, play important roles in the growth and pathogenicity of Malassezia-related sepsis.
 ...
PMID:Genetic and biological features of catheter-associated Malassezia furfur from hospitalized adults. 2161 98