Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report on a case of sepsis due to E. coli in a newborn baby with galactose intolerance. The immature immunological state of the newborn child in combination with a disorder of galactose metabolism obviously favour the development of bacterial infections. Galactose-free formulas should be applied quickly together with an adequate antibiotic therapy in the case of newborn babies with suspected bacterial infection. The prognosis may be influenced favourably by early clarification of the cause of severe impairment including jaundice, vomiting, loss of weight and somnolence in the first three weeks of life.
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PMID:[Sepsis due to E. coli in newborns with galactose intolerance (author's transl)]. 701 51

Classical galactosemia, which is caused by deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase, is characterized by acute problems of hepatocellular dysfunction, sepsis, cataracts and failure to thrive. Galactose limitation reverses these symptoms immediately; however, the long-term complications, such as mental retardation and ovarian failures are major problems in most of these patients. In order to investigate the molecular basis for phenotype variation in galactosemia, we have screened the most common mutation in the GALT gene, Q188R. We have further examined those patients who are heterozygous for Q188R or negative for this mutation by SSCP analysis and direct sequencing. In three male patients, we have identified, for the first time, two stop-codon mutations in the GALT gene, G212X (exon 7) and E340X (exon 10). Two patients of 8 and 28 years of age, respectively, who are compound heterozygotes for Q188R and G212X, have severe mental retardation and their general clinical condition is more severe than that of patients with missense mutations. The third patient, who is 8 years of age and who is homozygous for E340X, the N314D polymorphism and a silent substitution L218L, presents with a relatively normal physical and mental condition to date.
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PMID:Characterization of two stop codon mutations in the galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase gene of three male galactosemic patients with severe clinical manifestation. 852 34

Classical galactosemia, characterized clinically by acute hepatic dysfunction, sepsis, cataract, and failure to thrive, is caused by deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT). Galactose restriction normalizes these acute symptoms; however, long-term complications such as intellectual deficits and ovarian failure are conspicuous in the majority of patients. Here we report two Turkish siblings with classical galactosemia. The clinical course of the two children differed markedly: only the older girl suffered from severe acute symptoms during the neonatal period, and she developed greater mental retardation than her younger affected brother. The functional activity of GALT was virtually absent in each affected children. The mother and two healthy siblings exhibited approximately 50% normal GALT activity and the father approximately 25%. Molecular analysis revealed that these two galactosemic siblings were homozygous for a stop codon mutation of E340X in GALT exon 10. Moreover, two additional mutations, a neutral polymorphism L218L and N314D, which are typical for the Duarte-I variant, were found in the same GALT allele. The two healthy siblings and the parents were heterozygous for these combinations of mutations. In addition, the father's second GALT allele revealed three intron mutations at nucleotide position 1105 (G-->C), 1323 (G-->A) and 1391 (G-->A) and the N314D mutation, which correspond to the mutations of Duarte-2 variant. Our findings indicate that in classical galactosemia several distinct mutations can be present in one allele (in cis) of the GALT gene. Therefore it seems to be necessary to examine all introns and exons of the GALT gene in galactosemic patients who do not carry the Q188R mutation or another frequent mutation in the GALT gene.
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PMID:Simultaneous occurrence of various mutations and polymorphisms in cis and in trans of the galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase gene in a Turkish family with classical galactosemia. 976 50

Classic galactosemia is an autosomal recessive metabolic disease involving the galactose pathway, caused by the deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase. Galactose accumulation induces in newborns many symptoms, such as liver disease, cataracts, and sepsis leading to death if untreated. Neonatal screening is developed and applied in many countries using several methods to detect galactose or its derived product accumulation in blood or urine. High-throughput FTIR spectroscopy was investigated as a potential tool in the current screening methods. IR spectra were obtained from blood plasma of healthy, diabetic, and galactosemic patients. The major spectral differences were in the carbohydrate region, which was first analysed in an exploratory manner using principal component analysis (PCA). PCA score plots showed a clear discrimination between diabetic and galactosemic patients and this was more marked as a function of the glucose and galactose increased concentration in these patients' plasma respectively. Then, a support vector machine leave-one-out cross-validation (SVM-LOOCV) classifier was built with the PCA scores as the input and the model was tested on median, mean and all spectra from the three population groups. This classifier was able to discriminate healthy/diabetic, healthy/galactosemic, and diabetic/galactosemic patients with sensitivity and specificity rates ranging from 80% to 94%. The total accuracy rate ranged from 87% to 96%. High-throughput FTIR spectroscopy combined with the SVM-LOOCV classification procedure appears to be a promising tool in the screening of galactosemia patients, with good sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, this approach presents the advantages of being cost-effective, fast, and straightforward in the screening of galactosemic patients.
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PMID:Rapid screening of classic galactosemia patients: a proof-of-concept study using high-throughput FTIR analysis of plasma. 2562 86