Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated the prophylactical administration of liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome) in the early phase after liver transplantation (LTx). Fifty-eight patients received Ambisome prophylactically after LTx. Ambisome (1 mg kg-1 day-1) was given intravenously for 7 days after LTx. Immunosuppressive prophylaxis was cyclosporin A (CsA) based in 11 patients. Forty-seven patients had a tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimen. CsA and tacrolimus dosages were adjusted to trough levels of 150-250 ng ml-1 (EMIT) and 5-15 ng ml-1 (MEIA II) respectively. Three patients died from sepsis due to Aspergillus fumigatus infection. Reasons for a fatal outcome were foudroyant Aspergillus pneumonia in a patient transplanted for fulminant hepatic failure on post-operative day (pod) 8; Aspergillus sepsis with severe endocardidtis in a patient with two retransplantations for graft non/dysfunction on pod 24; and disseminated aspergillosis due to Aspergillus fumigatus in a patient retransplanted for primary non-function (pod 19). All three patients underwent haemofiltration for renal failure. One patient with Candida albicans sepsis (pod 4) recovered under increased dosage of Ambisome (3 mg kg-1 per day). Ambisome (1 mg kg-1 per day) seems to be beneficial against systemic Candida infections. However, the onset of systemic Aspergillus infections could not be prevented. Obviously, higher Ambisome doses appear to be necessary against Aspergillus. We recommend the use of Ambisome (3 mg kg-1 per day) for patients with risk factors such as graft dys-/non-function, retransplantation, haemofiltration and complicated acute liver failure to prevent invasive aspergillosis.
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PMID:Systemic mycoses during prophylactical use of liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome) after liver transplantation. 1039 48

Candida infections in newborns are classified, as bacterial ones, in early onset or maternofoetal infections and late onset diseases, primitive and nosocomial. Candida infections are responsible of less than 1% of early onset sepsis. Their diagnosis is facilitated by suggestive cutaneous lesions which can be associated or not with systemic infection. Candida nosocomial infections are the most frequent, 7% in premature infants < 1500 g; they are associated with a central venous catheter or with cutaneous infection in extremely low birth weight infants. C. albicans is the predominant species in maternofoetal infections, contrary to nosocomial ones where C. parapsilosis is predominant, 60%. Both species are sensitive to fluconazole. Amphotericin B and its lipidic derivative Ambisome is the reference drug. Because of its lower toxicity and simplicity of administration, fluconazole is preferable for sensitive species. Its prophylactic use in colonized premature infants has been recently proposed.
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PMID:[Candida infections in newborns]. 1502 83

The incidence of fungal infections and the role of liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome) in proven and probable infections were evaluated in acute leukemic patients, intolerant to conventional amphotericin B. During 1999-2002, 307 febrile episodes occurred in 231 patients. Fungi were responsible for 3% of bloodstream infections. Ambisome was employed in 5 fungal sepsis (1 Candida albicans, 1 C. famata, 1 C. tropicalis, 1 C. krusei, 1 Geotrichum capitatum) 2 Aspergillosis, 2 probable fungal pneumonia cases. A favorable response was achieved in 78% of patients (4 fungemia, 2 aspergillosis, 1 probable), an unfavorable response in 1 C. krusei fungemia and in 1 probable pneumonia. Our antimicrobial pattern documented a high resistance rate to azoles. We concluded that Ambisome is an effective and well tolerated agent and its introduction has changed the outcome for many patients, although in some refractory diseases other strategies must be considered.
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PMID:Incidence and management of proven and probable fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia: a single center experience. 1570 Aug 47