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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a case of septicemia and endarteritis the causative agent was initially misidentified. The Salmonella had atypical biochemical properties and was resistant to numerous antibiotics. Therapy with gentamicin and cephalothin failed to eliminate the organism. Identification of the organism as a lactose-fermenting Salmonella serotype typhimurium var. copenhagen was confirmed. The possible dissemination of the isolate from Brazil was analyzed by serologic studies of family members and friends.
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PMID:Misdiagnosed Salmonella septicemia and endarteritis due to a lactose-fermenting strain: bacteriologic and epidemiologic considerations. 33 39

We studied the clinical characteristics and epidemiology of disease associated with a rare, unnamed halophilic lactose-fermenting Vibrio species in 39 persons from whom the organism had been isolated. Two distinct clinical presentations were seen. In the first, the illness began with septicemia, often within 24 hours after raw oysters had been eaten; 18 of 24 such patients had pre-existing hepatic disease, and 11 of the 24 died. In the second, there was a wound infection after exposure to seawater or an injury incurred during the handling of crabs; none of these persons had pre-existing hepatic disease, and one of 15 died. Most cases (85 per cent) occurred during relatively warm months (May to October) in men (90 per cent) 40 or more years of age (95 per cent). This Vibrio species is a pathogen and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of septicemia with secondary skin lesions and of wound infections after exposure to seawater.
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PMID:Disease caused by a marine Vibrio. Clinical characteristics and epidemiology. 75 55

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections in two bacteriologically confirmed cases are described. A child was found to have mesenteric adenitis and an adult had septicemia. Invariably simulating acute appendicitis, mesenteric adenitis most often occurs in male children and adolescents. Septicemia with this organism usually affects elderly, debilitated patients, who frequently have chronic hepatic disease. The infrequent diagnosis of infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in the United States is probably due to failure to consider it a human pathogen. Currently classified with the Enterobacteriaceae, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in a non-lactose-fermenting, Gram-negative coccobacillus. It is sensitive to a wide range of antibiotics, including tetracycline and streptomycin, but usually is resistant to ampicillin. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis has a worldwide distribution in wild and domestic mammals and birds. Infections in man may result from direct contact with infected animals or their excreta.
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PMID:Clinical and laboratory aspects of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections, with a report of two cases. 77 44

Vibrio vulnificus, a halophilic lactose fermenting vibrio, is a virulent pathogen for men and is frequently associated with overwhelming infections of areas other than the gastrointestinal tract. We encountered six cases of Vibrio vulnificus septicemia in Veterans General Hospital-Taipei over the past four years. All were admitted through the emergency room and presented with urgent conditions on arrival. The patients also demonstrated preexisting liver function impairment (either hepatic disease or chronic alcohol consumption). Five subjects had an apparent history of exposure to marine environments: one fisherman with pre-existing wounds and four others with previous consumption of poorly cooked seafood. Characteristic hemorrhagic bullous lesions were found in 5 cases. In all, 4 patients (67%) died with three of the cases within 24 hours of hospitalization. Misdiagnosis and delayed treatment were the most common causes. In conclusion, when patients present with sepsis and/or characteristic cutaneous lesions, particulously those with underlying liver disease and a history of marine exposure, clinicians should be alerted to this potentially fatal infection and should commence appropriate assessment and treatment immediately.
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PMID:Experience of six patients with Vibrio vulnificus septicemia. 132 Sep 93

Galactosemia due to uridyl-transferase deficiency was detected in 47 patients between 1/1/1967 and 31/12/1988. The condition took a fulminant course in 31 patients and 10 infants in this group died between the 6th and the 18th day of life. The determination of uridyl-transferase in 36 patients confirmed the diagnosis. Exchange blood transfusion was undertaken in 25 infants because of hyperbilirubinemia, septicemia or neurological symptoms. 5 of the 31 children had a cataract. In most cases the lactose-free diet was commenced in the 2nd week of life. 27 patients were followed up with respect to somatic and intellectual development. Gonadal function was investigated in 5 patients; hypergonadotropic hypogonadism was found in the 4 girls.
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PMID:[Long-term results in children with classical galactosemia]. 141 10

Group G streptococci which have been isolated from the oral flora of rats are also normal inhabitants of the human skin, oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. This group of streptococci can cause a wide variety of clinical diseases in humans, including septicemia, pharyngitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, and meningitis. Ten days after oral gavage with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, 12 of 22 two-month-old, female, outbred, viral-antibody-free rats presented with red ocular and nasal discharges and marked swelling of the cervical region. Various degrees of firm, nonpitting edema in the region of the cervical lymph nodes and salivary glands as well as pale mucous membranes and dehydration were observed. Pure cultures of beta-hemolytic streptococci were obtained from the cervical lymph nodes of three rats that were necropsied. A rapid latex test system identified the isolates to have group G-specific antigen. These streptococcal isolates fermented trehalose and lactose but not sorbitol and inulin and did not hydrolize sodium hippurate or bile esculin. A Voges-Proskauer test was negative for all six isolates. Serologic tests to detect the presence of immunoglobulin G antibody to rat viral pathogens and Mycoplasma pulmonis were negative. Histopathologic changes included acute necrotizing inflammation of the cervical lymph nodes with multiple large colonies of coccoid bacteria at the perimeter of the necrotiz zone. To our knowledge, this is the first report of naturally occurring disease attributed to group G streptococci in rats.
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PMID:Group G streptococcal lymphadenitis in rats. 175 39

CDC group DF-2 is the vernacular name given to a slow-growing gram-negative bacterium that causes septicemia and meningitis in humans. Infections frequently (one-third of cases) occur following dog bites or close contact with dogs or occasionally with cats. Splenectomy and alcoholism appear to be strong predisposing factors for DF-2 infection. In addition to 150 DF-2 strains received for identification, we received 9 DF-2-like strains; 6 were isolated from wound or eye infections, 3 of which were associated with dog bites and 1 of which was associated with a cat scratch, and 3 were isolated from dog mouths. The major characteristics of DF-2 include production of acid but no gas from lactose and maltose and usually D-glucose; positive reactions for oxidase, catalase, arginine dihydrolase, gliding motility, and o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside; growth enhanced by serum and by incubation in a candle jar atmosphere; and negative reactions for sucrose, raffinose, inulin, melibiose, nitrate reduction, indole, and growth on MacConkey agar. DF-2-like strains had the same characteristics, except that acid was formed from sucrose, raffinose, inulin, and melibiose. By the hydroxyapatite method, DNAs from 12 DF-2 strains were 88% related in 60 degrees C reactions and 84% related in 75 degrees C reactions. Related sequences contained 0.5 to 1.5% unpaired bases (divergence). Three DF-2-like strains were 73 to 80% related at 60 degrees C (with 2.0 to 2.5% divergence) and 68 to 75% related at 75 degrees C. The relatedness of DF-2 and DF-2-like strains was 19 to 31% at 60 degrees Celsius and 13 to 19% at 75 degrees Celsius. The relatedness of DF-2 and DF-2-like strains to Capnocytophaga species was 4 to 7%. The DNA relatedness date indicate that eh DF-2 and the DF-2-like strains are separate, previously undescribed species. Both groups are phenotypically and genetically distinct from Capnocytophaga species, although they do share several characteristics with Capnocytophaga species, including cellular morphology, gliding motility, cellular fatty acid composition, enhancement of growth in a candle jar atmosphere, and G+C content. The new species differ from Capnocytophaga species by their positive oxidase and catalase reactions. We chose to avoid creating a new genus and proposed the names Capnocytophaga canimorsus sp. nov. for group DF-2 and C. cynodegmi sp. nov. for the DF-2-like strains.
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PMID:Capnocytophaga canimorsus sp. nov. (formerly CDC group DF-2), a cause of septicemia following dog bite, and C. cynodegmi sp. nov., a cause of localized wound infection following dog bite. 291 17

V vulnificus is a halophilic or salt-requiring vibrio that has been isolated repeatedly from seawater and shellfish in coastal waters. This vibrio, first described by Hollis et al in 1976, can be differentiated from other similar vibrios by its ability to ferment lactose and by its lower tolerance for sodium chloride. V vulnificus, unlike most other vibrios, has seldom been incriminated as a cause of gastroenteritis but is a particularly virulent organism that causes severe wound infections in mostly healthy persons, or causes primary septicemia in persons with an underlying chronic disease, particularly chronic liver disease. Wound infections may range from relatively mild to severe and rapidly progressive cellulitis and myositis. Approximately 50% of patients with wound infections have some type of chronic underlying disease and the mortality rate is in the range of 15%. Wound infections are almost always associated with contact with seawater or the handling or cleaning of shellfish. Patients with primary septicemia have fever, chills, and prostration, and rapidly become hypotensive. Over 70% have distinctive bullous skin lesions that can strongly suggest the diagnosis in a patient with the appropriate history. The mortality rate is over 50%. There is a striking association between eating raw oysters and primary septicemia, with patients usually reporting having eaten raw oysters (or other shellfish) 24 to 48 hours before onset of symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Vibrio vulnificus. 366 22

Two patients with alcoholic cirrhosis were seen on two separate occasions for fever, swollen legs, petechial hemorrhage, purpura, and cutaneous bullae. One patient ate oysters 2 days before the onset of illness. Vibrio vulnificus, a lactose-positive halophilic vibrio, was isolated from the ascitic and cutaneous fluid in both cases, and from the blood in one of the two cases. Both isolated strains were sensitive to the antibiotics given to the patients from the beginning; however, both patients died, one from septicemic shock and the other from massive esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Autopsies in both patients revealed alcoholic cirrhosis, hemorrhagic necrosis of the terminal ileum, intraalveolar hemorrhage, petechial hemorrhage in the peritoneum, and nonspecific acute inflammation of the dermis with vasculitis. Physicians should consider V. vulnificus in the differential diagnosis of cirrhotic patients with sepsis, primary skin lesions, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with or without history of recent oyster ingestion.
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PMID:Spontaneous Vibrio vulnificus peritonitis and primary sepsis in two patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. 389 20

We have described a patient with fulminant sepsis and bullous skin lesions due to L + Vibrio. The histologic features of these lesions as well as the rapid onset of refractory shock and complete heart block at least suggest that potent bacterial toxins are involved in the pathogenesis of disease caused by this "unnamed lactose-positive marine Vibrio."
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PMID:Halophilic Vibrio sepsis. 699 13


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