Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene, U.S.; Flamazine, U.K.; Flammazine, N.; Sulplata, S.A.) is the newest topical antimicrobial agent available following worldwide clinical trials. Good control of infection is achieved without pain or other demonstrable side effects, using either dressings or the exposure technic. Many burned areas kept free of infection heal without grafting. Where necessary, early preparation for and good take of grafts has been attained by utilizing this new therapeutic agent. Markedly reduced mortality from burn wound sepsis has generally been observed.
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PMID:Silver sulfadiazine for control of burn wound infections. 109 31

Pilot in vitro studies demonstrated that nystatin combined with Silvadene (silver sulfadiazine 1% [Marion Laboratories, Inc., Kansas City Mo.]) or Furacin in a 1:1 ratio was equally effective against Candida albicans and ATCC strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, but Sulfamylon (Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, Winthrop, N.Y.) combined with nystatin demonstrated an antagonistic response. Therefore we examined the susceptibility to nystatin of 165 clinical isolates, both gram-positive and gram-negative, to nystatin combined with Silvadene or Sulfamylon and 144 isolates to nystatin and Furacin. Both Silvadene and Furacin combined with nystatin were equally effective against the microorganisms as were the individual drugs. Conversely, Sulfamylon combined with nystatin lost its antimicrobial capability (93.3% resistance, p less than 0.001). On the basis of the in vitro results, 93 patients with acute burns were treated with the appropriate topical antimicrobials from April 1988 to September 1988. Of the 93 patients treated, 90 had neither a major systemic bacterial nor a Candida sepsis, and none of these patients had associated localized burn wound sepsis during their hospital stays. These 90 patients were discharged without any documented signs of infection. The average burnsize was greater than or equal to 29.44% total body surface area. These data suggest that the antimicrobial properties of nystatin, when combined with Silvadene and Furacin, remain effective. Consequently, such combinations have been effective in controlling both local and systemic Candida and bacterial burn wound sepsis.
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PMID:The efficacy of nystatin combined with topical microbial agents in the treatment of burn wound sepsis. 260 98

Using a standardized laboratory rat model of burn wound sepsis, a regimen of once a day application of Silvadene has been found to be more effective treatment than Sulfamylon or cerium-Silvadene. Delaying treatment following infection resulted in decreased survival. Possible reasons for difference in mortality are once-daily application, or perhaps a change in sensitivity between drugs and the infective organism (Ps. aeruginosa) over time.
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PMID:Burn wound sepsis: effect of delayed treatment with topical chemotherapy on survival. 735 93

The emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes has serious implications for managing infection and sepsis and has stimulated efforts to develop alternative treatments, such as antimicrobial peptides. The objective of this study was to test a designer peptide, novispirin G10, against multidrug-resistant microorganisms. By two-stage radial diffusion assays, its activity against such organisms compared favorably with that of standard antibiotics and other antimicrobial peptides. It killed bacteria very rapidly, was nonhemolytic, and was relatively noncytotoxic. The peptide induced an immediate, massive efflux of potassium from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting that it altered the permeability of its inner membrane. The presence of human serum reduced but did not eliminate its activity. We tested the in vivo activity of novispirin G10 in rats with an infected, partial-thickness burn that covered 20% of their total body surface area. The burned area was seeded with 10(6) CFU of a Silvadene-resistant P. aeruginosa strain, and 24 h later a single treatment with 0, 1, 3, or 6 mg of synthetic novispirin G10 (n = 16 at each concentration) per kg was given intradermally. Significant bacterial killing (P < 0.0001) was evident within 4 h in each peptide group compared to controls receiving vehicle. Antimicrobial peptides such as novispirin G10 may provide a useful alternative or adjunct to standard antibiotic agents in treating burns or other wound infections.
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PMID:Activity of novispirin G10 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and in infected burns. 1201 98