Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pentoxifylline (Trental) is a well-known vasoactive drug with proven clinical efficacy in various circulatory disorders. It improves the microcirculation due to its rheologic effects on red blood cells, platelets, and plasmatic components, resulting in a decrease of whole blood viscosity. Surprisingly, it has been found that pentoxifylline will also be of great benefit in different models of animal sepsis, including both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. In these experiments, survival rates are significantly increased in the pentoxifylline group when compared with the controls, which is paralleled by a decrease in germ counts. By different experimental approaches it could be shown that this drug interferes with pathologic granulocyte-endothelium interactions which are closely related to septic symptoms, both downregulating intravasal granulocyte hyperreactivity as well as stimulating antiaggregatory activity of the vessel endothelium. Through this way, beneficial effects of pentoxifylline may be expected in various diseases related to infection, sepsis, and shock which, however, have still to be proven in detailed clinical studies.
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PMID:The effect of pentoxifylline in septic shock--new pharmacologic aspects of an established drug. 265 50

Pentoxifylline (Trental, 5 mg/kg/h for 6 h) was administered to 17 premature infants with sepsis, on 3 successive days. A statistically significant decrease in mortality rate (P < 0.04) was observed in comparison to a retrospectively analysed group of 13 septic infants, who were treated in a comparative way but without the use of a pentoxifylline infusion. The suggestion that pentoxifylline may be an effective drug in the treatment of Gram-negative sepsis in premature infants should be tested in a double-blind, randomized study.
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PMID:Pentoxifylline treatment of sepsis of premature infants: preliminary clinical observations. 795 28

Hepatic ischemia should be considered in serious liver injury, liver tumor resection and liver transplantation. There are other conditions that decrease hepatic blood flow and cause hepatic ischemia, such as hemorrhagic shock, sepsis, hepatic artery ligation, trauma, and certain vascular lesions. In this study, effects of nimodipine (a calcium channel blocker) and pentoxyfylline (a derivative of methylxanthine) on duration and degree of hepatic ischemia in rats at normothermic and hypothermic conditions are investigated. This study was performed on 6 groups of Wistar Albino type rats, each group consisting of 7 rats. Groups were separated into normothermic (A) and hypothermic (B) conditions AI-Control group, AII-Nimodipine group and AIII-Pentoxyfylline group, B IV-Control group, BV-Nimodipine group and BVI-Pentoxyfylline group respectively. After hepatic pedicle occlusion lasting 45 min, blood samples were drawn from the rats for evaluation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values. Moreover, hepatic biopsies were taken to assess pathological changes under electron microscopy. These changes were evaluated through a grading system. As a result; it has been shown that both nimodipine and pentoxyfylline delayed effects of hepatic ischemia in a statistically significant manner in comparison with the control group and these effects were found to be more significant in hypothermic conditions.
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PMID:Effects of nimodipine and pentoxyfylline in prevention of hepatic ischemic damage in rats at normal and hypothermic conditions. 1849 96