Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The intravenous therapy with co-trimoxazole was used to control serious sepsis in 15 patients in the intensive care unit of a large metropolitan hospital. Co-trimoxazole was found to be a safe, effective, and eminently satisfactory alternative to the present vogue treatments of serious, bacteriologically undiagnosed infections.
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PMID:Intravenous co-trimoxazole therapy in serious infections. 68 12

The pharmacokinetic and antibacterial characteristics of the fluorinated carboxyquinolones make them attractive candidates for the treatment and prevention of infections arising from the alimentary canal. Norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin have been shown to suppress and eliminate the pool of potentially pathogenic aerobic gram-negative rods colonizing the alimentary canal of neutropenic patients with acute leukemia, thereby reducing infection-related morbidity and mortality due to gram-negative sepsis. Although norfloxacin appears to have limited efficacy in the prevention of gram-positive infections in neutropenic patients, other quinolones with improved in vitro activity against such organisms are being evaluated. Co-trimoxazole is considered a standard of therapy for many bacterial infectious diarrheal illnesses. However drug resistance, and the absence of coverage of Campylobacter jejuni are important deficiencies. Early trials suggest that the quinolones are safe and effective treatment of a wide variety of bacterial diarrheal illnesses. Despite these encouraging results, further controlled trials will be necessary to clarify how the quinolones should best be used.
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PMID:Emerging role of quinolones in the prevention of gram-negative bacteremia in neutropenic cancer patients and in the treatment of enteric infections. 264 56

Co-trimoxazole or norfloxacin were randomly administered to 44 granulocytopenic children with malignancies in order to prevent bacterial infections. Although more patients in the co-trimoxazole group had febrile episodes (p less than 0.01), the mean of febrile days and the mean of days with systemic antibiotics did not differ significantly in the two groups. Five patients in the co-trimoxazole group had a microbiologically documented infection (four with septicemia) due to Escherichia coli (n = 2), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus sp. There were four septicemic episodes in the norfloxacin group due to P. aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus faecalis. Compliance was good during administration of both drugs. No signs or symptoms of arthropathy were seen in the norfloxacin group. The number of gram-negative bacilli resistant to co-trimoxazole isolated from stools significantly increased during prophylaxis with co-trimoxazole (p less than 0.001). Norfloxacin did not select resistant strains and was very active in eradicating gram-negative bacilli from stools (27.5% of positive cultures).
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PMID:Prophylactic co-trimoxazole versus norfloxacin in neutropenic children--perspective randomized study. 265 19

Anemia is a major cause of maternal mortality in India. In 1990, 19% of the maternal deaths were related to anemia. It is also a contributory factor to maternal deaths caused by hemorrhage, septicemia, and eclampsia. Anemia caused by lack of iron is the commonest nutritional deficiency in the world. According to recent reports, a significant number of children and women in the western world are also iron deficient. An adult man needs a daily amount of 1.1 mg of iron, compared with twice as much by a woman even when she is not pregnant. The total iron needed during pregnancy is about 1000 mg. The daily requirements for iron, as well as folate, are 6 times greater for a woman in the last trimester of pregnancy than for a nonpregnant woman. In healthy, well-nourished women with adequate iron stores, about half the total requirement of iron during pregnancy may come from maternal reserves. If the diet is not supplemented with extra iron, a woman will become progressively depleted of iron during pregnancy, and anemia will result. Lack of iron directly affects the immune system; it diminishes the number of T-cells and the production of antibodies. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined 3 stages of iron-deficiency: decreased storage of iron without any other detectable abnormalities; iron stores are exhausted, but anemia has not occurred yet; and overt iron deficiency when there is a decrease in the concentration of circulating hemoglobin. The end result of iron deficiency is nutritional anemia. Most Indian women are anemic with a hemoglobin level of 7-10.5 gm% (the norm is 11.5-14.0 gm%). Iron supplementation, calcium supplements, and a high-protein diet should be given these women during pregnancy. They should also be made aware about proper birth spacing, especially in rural areas, under existing government education programs.
Indian Med Trib 1995 Jan 15
PMID:Anaemia -- a major cause of maternal death. 1217 89