Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to find an effective and suitable chemotherapy regimen for preoperative treatment of esophageal cancer, patients with inoperable or metastatic disease were treated with a combination of etoposide and cisplatin. Of 27 evaluable patients, 13 had squamous cell carcinoma, 13 adenocarcinoma, and 1 muco-epidermoid carcinoma. No complete responses were noted. Nine of 13 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and only one of 13 with adenocarcinoma showed a partial response. Nine of 10 responders achieved a partial response after 2 courses, one after 4 courses. There was one toxic death, due to sepsis during leukopenia. Other toxicities were alopecia, nausea and vomiting, nephrotoxicity, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia.
 ...
PMID:Etoposide and cisplatin in advanced esophageal cancer. A preliminary report. 323 66

CYVADIC (cyclophosphamide + vincristine + adriamycin + dacarbazine = DTIC) is frequently used in the treatment of patients with soft tissue sarcomas or malignant mesotheliomas. As a modification of the protocol originally published by Gottlieb, the interval between two cycles was extended to 4 weeks for better bone marrow regeneration and vincristine was given only once instead of twice per cycle. A total of 237 cycles of this modified CYVADIC protocol resulted in tolerable toxicity (except nausea and vomiting) and therapeutic results comparable to the original protocol (6/22 complete remissions and 6/22 partial remissions in sarcomas; 1/5 partial remission in mesotheliomas). Hematotoxicity was cumulative after 6 CYVADIC cycles. In contrast to the original Gottlieb scheme there were no severe infections such as pneumonia or sepsis. Neurotoxicity was weak and reversible; cardiotoxicity was not observed. Compared to the protocol originally suggested by Gottlieb, the modified CYVADIC regimen appears to be as effective but less toxic.
 ...
PMID:[Toxicity of the CYVADIC modification in patients with soft tissue sarcomas or malignant mesotheliomas]. 331 70

The toxicity of a new chemotherapeutic regimen for CNS tumors using eight anticancer agents administered in a 12-hour period was evaluated in 34 children with newly diagnosed and recurrent tumors treated at the Children's Hospital and Medical Center in Seattle. The chemotherapy included methylprednisolone, vincristine, lomustine (CCNU), procarbazine, hydroxyurea, cisplatin (CDDP), and either cyclophosphamide or imidazole carboximide (DTIC). The first five patients additionally received high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX), but because of excessive toxicity this was replaced by cytarabine. Of 125 courses administered without HDMTX, red cell transfusions were required in 15% of the courses and platelet transfusions were required in 8%. Hospitalization for empiric treatment of fever associated with neutropenia occurred in 6% of courses. Three episodes of documented sepsis occurred. Virtually all hematologic toxicity occurred in patients with recurrent disease. Renal toxicity occurred in 14% of patient courses. One patient died of renal failure and sepsis following therapy. Neurologic and hepatic complications were infrequent. High-frequency hearing loss above the voice range was common, but clinically significant hearing loss occurred in only three patients. Severe nausea and vomiting were infrequent. Overall, the toxicity of "eight in one" chemotherapy in newly diagnosed patients was minimal; toxicity was greater in patients with recurrent disease.
 ...
PMID:Eight drugs in one day chemotherapy in children with brain tumors: a critical toxicity appraisal. 337 69

A combination of mitoxantrone, vincristine, and prednisone was used to treat 19 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Of these, 12 were patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (9 in first relapse and 5 primarily refractory to standard induction therapy with daunorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone), 2 had a phenotypic ALL relapse after an initial diagnosis of acute myelocytic leukemia and 5 had terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positive blastic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (BCML). Eight patients with ALL (and of these, four with primarily anthracycline resistant disease), and two with BCML achieved complete remission. Five patients died in induction (three ALL from sepsis and two BCML from bleeding), and five had progressive disease. Median duration of response was 5 months, with two primarily refractory ALL patients remaining in continuing complete remission at 28 and 31 months. Treatment was well tolerated, with minimal nausea and vomiting, and oral mucositis. Posttreatment transient hepatic dysfunction was seen in 80% of patients. Mitoxantrone, vincristine, and prednisone are an active combination for the treatment of relapsed or refractory ALL and of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positive BCML. The finding that four of five primarily refractory ALL patients were induced in complete remission supports the contention that mitoxantrone and anthracyclines are not cross-resistant.
 ...
PMID:Mitoxantrone, vincristine, and prednisone in adults with relapsed or primarily refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positive blastic phase chronic myelocytic leukemia. 347 1

In a randomized trial the antineoplastic and toxic effects of doxorubicin (ADR), mitomycin (MMC), and the combination of the two were evaluated in postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer using the following treatment regimens: ADR (75 mg/m2 by iv bolus every 3 weeks); MMC (20 mg/m2 by iv bolus every 6 weeks); and ADR (45 mg/m2 by iv bolus every 3 weeks) and MMC (10 mg/m2 by iv bolus every 6 weeks). One hundred one patients were entered in the study. Entrance to single-agent MMC therapy was stopped after allocation of 12 patients because of unacceptable side effects, especially nausea and vomiting, and the suggestion of minor efficacy. One of these patients had partial response, eight had no change, and three had progressive disease. The patients in the ADR and ADR plus MMC group were similar as to the following: age (median, 60 years); menopausal age; disease-free interval; performance status, extent of previous cytotoxic therapy (approximately 90% were pretreated) and radiation therapy; and dominant site of disease but with significantly more involved organ sites in the ADR plus MMC group. Among evaluable patients (42 in the ADR group and 39 in the ADR plus MMC group), response rates were as follows: complete response--21 versus five; partial response--26 versus 44; no change--40 versus 38; and progressive disease--12 versus 13 (P greater than 0.10). Median times to disease progression were 5.2 and 7.8 months, respectively (log-rank test, P = 0.03), but survival times were similar, 9.3 and 10.2 months, respectively (log-rank test, P greater than 0.40). For the two treatment groups suppression of wbc count was similar, while anemia, thrombopenia, and nausea and vomiting were significantly more common among the ADR plus MMC-treated group. Five treatment-induced deaths were observed in the ADR plus MMC group (one from sepsis; two from diffuse hemorrhage; and two from cardiomyopathy), compared to none in the ADR group. In conclusion, this study disclosed no major advantage of the combination of ADR plus MMC compared to ADR alone as second-line treatment of advanced breast cancer, but results from other studies may imply a possible role of MMC as part of second-line combination chemotherapy regimens.
 ...
PMID:Doxorubicin versus mitomycin versus doxorubicin plus mitomycin in advanced breast cancer: a randomized study. 353 Apr 44

Thirty-five patients with previously untreated, advanced, measurable metastatic colorectal carcinoma were treated with a 12-week course of continuous 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and weekly cisplatin. Twenty of 32 evaluable patients responded (five complete and 15 partial responses), for an overall response rate of 63% (90% confidence limits, 43%-75%). Toxicity was generally mild and reversible and included mucositis (40%), painful erythema of the palmar and plantar skin (30%), diarrhea (21%), nausea and vomiting (15%), and leukopenia (6%). One patient died of sepsis secondary to mucositis and myelosuppression. This program is a well-tolerated outpatient regimen for metastatic colorectal carcinoma. The response rate is higher than expected for 5-FU and cisplatin and suggests clinical therapeutic synergism at this dose rate and schedule.
 ...
PMID:Pilot trial of prolonged continuous-infusion 5-fluorouracil and weekly cisplatin in advanced colorectal cancer. 355 89

A prospective study was conducted to evaluate response rate and toxicity of the combination of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cis-platinum in patients with disseminated hormonally resistant prostatic carcinoma. Twenty-two patients were entered in the study: 19 were evaluable for response. One patient achieved partial remission while 14 (73%) had stable disease. Four patients had progressive disease. Patients with stable disease and partial remission had subjective improvement and survived significantly (p less than 0.03) longer than patients with progressive disease (58 weeks vs. 22 weeks). Toxicity was mainly hematological, and one patient died from sepsis secondary to leukopenia. Nausea and vomiting was moderate to severe, with one patient refusing cis-platinum for that reason. Renal toxicity was tolerable and reversible. Lack of good measurable disease makes generalization difficult, but pointers from animal models, along with the biological activity suggested by our results, make this a worthwhile combination to be considered for a trial in a larger population with measurable disease or in a randomized trial vs. the more effective single agent.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cis-platinum (CAP) in patients with disseminated prostatic carcinoma. A phase II study. 384 Mar 26

Forty-four patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated every 3 weeks with vinblastine (4 mg/m2/day iv X 2) and cisplatin (20 mg/m2/day iv X 3). Of the 28 patients with metastatic disease, eight (29%; 90% confidence interval of true response, 17%-47%) achieved objective response, for a median duration of 27 weeks. Median survival in this group was 47 and 28 weeks for responders and nonresponders, respectively. Of the 16 patients with advanced regional disease, 11 (69%; 90% confidence interval of true response, 49%-86%) achieved objective response. Thirteen of these patients received consolidation radiotherapy (4500 cGy/25 fractions/5 weeks), with a boost of 1000 cGy/5 fractions/1 week in those patients who achieved response. In the three patients who did not receive radiotherapy, two died during the induction phase, one from grade 4 leukopenia and sepsis and the second from unrelated factors. The third patient had systemic progression of disease during induction chemotherapy. Six patients experienced overall improvement in their chemotherapy response from the radiotherapy. Two patients who did not respond to the chemotherapy achieved partial response with irradiation. Four patients who had partial response to the chemotherapy achieved complete response with irradiation, and seven patients had no further change in their degree of response to irradiation. The overall median survival of this group was 81 weeks. Maintenance chemotherapy was not given. After radiotherapy, the site of first failure was outside the radiation field in nine of 13 patients (69%). Hematologic toxicity was dose-limiting. Other toxic effects that were not dose-limiting included nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and acute nausea and vomiting. In the patients with advanced regional disease, there was no increase in the radiation toxicity attributable to the chemotherapy. We conclude that: (a) this dose schedule of vinblastine and cisplatin has reproducible activity in non-small cell carcinoma of the lung; (b) the response and median survival of patients with advanced regional disease are superior to those of patients with metastatic disease; and (c) in patients with advanced regional disease, treatment with chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy yielded an overall response rate of 81% (90% confidence interval of true response, 60%-93%) and improved survival compared to a similar group of patients studied by others receiving radiotherapy alone. We recommend further testing of this concept.
 ...
PMID:Cisplatin and vinblastine chemotherapy for metastatic non-small cell carcinoma followed by irradiation in patients with regional disease. 395 44

Twenty patients (15 male, 5 female) with nonresectable gastric adenocarcinoma were treated with FAP (5-fluorouracil 300 mg/m2 IV on days 1-5, adriamycin 50 mg/m2 IV on day 1, cisplatin 20 mg/m2 IV on days 1-5). Each course was repeated every 21 days. Eighteen patients were evaluable for response. The median age was 51 years, the range extending from 34 to 68. None had undergone chemotherapy. The median Karnofsky performance score was 80%. Nine (50%) partial responses (PR) and eight (44%) cases of stable disease (SD) were observed. One patient showed progression of the disease and died after 6 months. The median duration of response was 6+ months for PR and 6 months for SD. The median survival was 12 months. FAP toxicity was moderate, with the median WBC nadir 3.2 X 10(9)/l (range 0.7-4.2). One patient in PR died of septicemia. Nausea and vomiting were not dose-limiting. Neuropathy was mild in four and moderate in two patients. This FAP combination appears to be as effective with respect to response rate and duration as reported for 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and mitomycin C (FAM).
 ...
PMID:Phase II trial of 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cisplatin (FAP) in advanced gastric cancer. 403 85

Cisplatin plus 5-FU appears to have significant additive activity in various tumors, such as head and neck carcinoma and esophageal cancer. A partial explanation for this may be drug synergism, which has been noted in the L1210 leukemia model. Based on these data, a prospective trial of weekly bolus 5-FU (15 mg/kg) and cisplatin (60 mg/m2) given every 3 weeks was initiated at Indiana University. Forty-one patients, of whom 38 are fully evaluable for response, were treated with these two drugs. Ten partial and one complete response (complete + partial response rate = 29%) were observed in the 38 evaluable patients. Thirteen additional patients had stable disease for greater than or equal to 3 months. The median durations of remission and survival time were 6 and 10.3 months, respectively. Myelosuppression was unusually severe, with granulocyte counts less than 1000/mm3 in 65% of patients, including four patients with granulocyte count nadirs less than 100/mm3. Three patients developed granulocytopenic fever, with two drug-related deaths (sepsis, hyperosmolar coma). Nearly all patients had nausea and vomiting, but this was not a treatment-limiting toxic effect in any patient. Although this combination suggests a higher response rate than usually seen with bolus iv 5-FU in colon cancer, a trial comparing 5-FU alone or with cisplatin to determine whether true synergy exists is currently underway.
 ...
PMID:Cisplatin plus 5-FU for the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the colon. 407 11


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>