Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since July 1976, 19 patients with carcinoma of the bladder have been treated with adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and levamisole combined with radiotherapy (60 Gy [6000 radsA1/24 fractions/6 weeks). Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were initiated simultaneously, with the entire treatment lasting 7--8 months. Three months after the completion of radiotherapy, 14 of the 18 patients in whom cystoscopy was performed were found to be in complete remission. Overall, 17 of the 19 patients have responded to the treatment and 15 patients have at some time shown complete remission. The toxic effects seen were myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of weight, and alopecia. Thirteen patients received the entire treatment as outpatients while six patients had to be hospitalized for a period of 8--14 days because of severe side effects, especially in Weeks 3--8. Serious complications such as bowel perforation were not seen, but one patient died with septicemia as a result of agranulocytosis, which was attributed to the treatment with levamisole.
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PMID:Phase II study of adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, levamisole, and irradiation in carcinoma of the bladder. 44 95

Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and DTIC was used in 102 evaluable patients under 15 years of age who had previously treated metastatic solid tumors. Responses, defined as 50% or more reduction in all tumor masses, occurred in 10 out of 27 patients with neuroblastoma, 3 out of 8 patients with Wilms tumor, 7 out 15 patients with Ewing sarcoma, 2 out of 6 patients with osteosarcoma, 5 out of 13 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, and 15 out of 33 patients with miscellaneous tumors which included a patient who had a complete regression of an extensive juvenile angiofibroma. Response rate to combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and DTIC in patients with Ewing sarcoma was significantly superior to the response rate obtained with adriamycin alone in another Southwest Oncology Group Study. Major toxicity included nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, high incidence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (5 patients) and congestive heart failure (4 patients). There was 7 drug-associated deaths due to sepsis (1), pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (4), and congestive heart failure (2).
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adramycin (NSC-123127) and dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) (NSC-45388) in children with metastatic solid tumors. 95 60

The diagnosis of urinary tract sepsis is being made more often today because of increased awareness of the condition and improved techniques in the detection and management of genitourinary disorders. Patients developing urinary tract sepsis (bacteremia or septicemia) usually demonstrate certain predisposing factors: underlying chronic disease, advanced age, general debility, or recent urinary tract sepsis is easily made in a patient who has a sudden onset of fever, chills, malaise, nausea, and vomiting, along with tachycardia and a drop in blood pressure. Cultures should be taken from urine and blood samples, but therapy should be instituted immediately rather than after obtaining the results of cultures.
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PMID:Treatment of genitourinary infections. 122 Sep 5

A 58 year old Chinese male, one week after arriving in Canada from Hong Kong, presented with acute abdominal pain and diarrhoea which was rapidly followed by Escherichia coli infection causing septicaemia and meningitis. His past history revealed bronchial asthma for 15 years treated with steroids. At laparotomy, 7 days after the onset of symptoms, he was found to have extensive haemorrhagic infarction of the small bowel and right colon. Examination of the fibrosed mesenteric vessels revealed numerous filariform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis, within the walls, and in all layers of bowel wall. The role of the parasite in the production of obliterative arteritis in this fatal case of haemorrhagic enteropathy is discussed. Clinical strongyloidiasis, in uncomplicated cases, varies from mild to severe with gastroenteritis, nausea, colicky abdominal pain, electrolyte imbalance and symptoms of malabsorption syndrome (MARCIAL-ROJAS, 1971). In malnourished individuals and patients with debilitating infections, either newly acquired or asymptomatic latent infection with S. stercoralis can assume severe dimensions (BROWN and PERNA, 1958; HUGHTON and HORN, 1959). Similarly, in patients on steroid (CRUZ et al., 1966; WILLIS and MWOKOLO, 1966; NEEFE et al., 1973) and immunosuppressive therapy for lymphomatous diseases or deficient in immune response (ROGERS and NELSON, 1966; RIVERA et al., 1970), systemic strongyloidiasis is often fatal. The increased frequency of auto-infection in such patients with a breached immune barrier is, however, unclear. Further complications of this infection due to severe enterocolitis result in sepsis, bacteraemia and meningitis (BROWN and PERNA, 1958; HUGHTON and HORN, 1959). This paper presents a fatal case of S. stercoralis infection which illustrates an uncommon if not unique, mechanism in its production of haemorrhagic enteropathy leading to sepsis and death.
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PMID:Fatal bowel infarction and sepsis: an unusual complication of systemic strongyloidiasis. 122 84

We conducted a phase II evaluation of edatrexate in 17 previously untreated patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas; 14 patients had at least one month of therapy. The initial dose was 80 mg/m2iv. Treatment was administered weekly for 5 weeks, then every other week. Toxicity was generally mild. The median WBC nadir was 5.4 (range 0.6-7.4) x 10(3)/microliters, and the median platelet nadir was 164.0 (range 62.0-341.0) x 10(3)/microliters. One patient died with sepsis and gastrointestinal bleeding associated with pancytopenia. Five patients had a mild rash. Nausea occurred in 6 patients, including 3 who had vomiting. In addition, 11 patients complained of vague malaise which seemed to begin within 24-48 hours after administration of edatrexate, and lasted for 2 to 3 days, resolving within 6 days of drug administration. Median survival was 85 days. Although 5 patients had stable disease, including one with relief of pain, no major responses were seen, excluding, with 95% confidence, a response rate in excess of 20%.
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PMID:Phase II trial of edatrexate in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 148 6

A 63-year-old white woman was admitted to the hospital for bilateral total knee arthroplasty. She was given prophylactic subcutaneous heparin therapy postoperatively. Three days later, she had a brief hypotensive episode and an unexplained drop in hemoglobin level. Seven days postoperatively, she became confused and disoriented while complaining of pain in her right side and, later, under her left breast. She also had nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and a vague feeling of "illness." Her condition deteriorated progressively, with blood pressure falling to 65/40 mm Hg and a temperature of 39.7 degrees C. Blood, urine, and cerebrospinal-fluid culture samples showed no evidence of infection. A diagnosis of acute adrenal insufficiency was made. Following corticosteroid therapy, the patient's condition improved markedly. Of interest in our patient was that she had had no antecedent hypotension, sepsis, fever, or surgical complications. Acute adrenal hemorrhage is often overlooked because the symptoms are attributed to other conditions, especially to sepsis. Acute adrenal hemorrhage should be suspected in any stressed patient in whom an abrupt deterioration associated with back or abdominal pain, hypotension, and unexplained fever are noted. Suspicion should be raised regarding those patients who are receiving anticoagulant therapy (including subcutaneous heparin prophylaxis) at the time of deterioration. With increased awareness, more cases of acute bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and subsequent adrenal insufficiency can be recognized ante mortem and treated.
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PMID:Prophylactic subcutaneous heparin therapy as a cause of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. 155 45

Cisplatin has played a major role in the treatment of germ cell tumors. However, it causes renal damage, severe nausea and vomiting. It is also neurotoxic and ototoxic. Carboplatin is an analog of cisplatin which, does not cause renal damage at therapeutic doses. It is not neurotoxic or ototoxic and it produces less gastrointestinal toxicity than cisplatin. We used carboplatin alone as an initial chemotherapy in a 36-year-old man with stage IIB seminoma. Following left radical orchiectomy the patient received 4 courses of carboplatin chemotherapy. After the first course of chemotherapy, tumor markers (LDH, beta-HCG) returned to the normal range. After 4 courses, the size of the retroperitoneal metastases was significantly reduced. The toxicity of 4 courses of carboplatin chemotherapy was generally milder than that of cisplatin-based combination chemotherapies such as PVB or VAB-6. There were no episodes of septicemia, thrombocytopenic bleeding or renal deterioration. The patient did not suffer from alopecia, neuropathy, symptomatic hearing loss, severe nausea or vomiting. Nine months after the completion of carboplatin chemotherapy, the patient remains well and free from disease progression. This case strongly suggests that single agent carboplatin therapy could be an effective and less-toxic treatment for advanced seminoma.
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PMID:[A case of advanced seminoma treated effectively with single agent carboplatin therapy]. 156 62

In a pilot study of the combination of epirubicin and chlorambucil in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 10 patients with advanced or progressive disease were treated in four centres. Up to a total of 15 courses in individual patients were given. Toxicity was relatively mild with nausea due to epirubicin being the most commonly reported side-effect. One patient developed a probable septicemia during a period of neutropenia. In another patient who died from probable Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) after only one course of therapy, death could not be regarded as necessarily treatment-related. In seven previously untreated patients, one complete response and four partial remissions were seen. All three previously treated patients showed partial remissions.
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PMID:A pilot study of epirubicin and chlorambucil in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). 174 98

Marrow is cryopreserved for use in autologous bone marrow transplants, but little is known of the incidence of reactions in patients transfused with these cryopreserved marrows. Reactions in patients transfused during a 4-year period with 134 autologous marrows cryopreserved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were compared with those in patients transfused with marrow that had been collected from HLA-compatible donors and that had not been cryopreserved. Patients transfused with cryopreserved marrow had significantly more nausea (44.8 vs. 14.1%; p less than 0.0005), vomiting (23.9 vs. 8.5%; p less than 0.01), chills (31.3 vs. 1.4%; p less than 0.0005), and fever (17.9 vs. 0%; p less than 0.005) than patients transfused with fresh allogeneic marrow. The incidence of emesis correlated with the dose of DMSO received, but that of nausea did not. All cryopreserved marrows were cultured for bacteria at the time of transfusion and 17 (12.7%) were found to be positive. Only 1 of the 17 patients transfused with culture-positive marrow developed sepsis during the transplant course with the same organism that was present in the transfused marrow. Although the reactions in donors transfused with cryopreserved marrow were readily treated, this study suggests that the incidence of some reactions might be decreased by reducing the dose of DMSO transfused. Bacterial contamination of transfused marrow was a worrisome complication, and efforts should be made to improve marrow collection and processing techniques to minimize that risk.
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PMID:Adverse reactions in patients transfused with cryopreserved marrow. 185 47

Twenty patients with histologically verified carcinoid liver metastases underwent a total of 24 liver artery embolizations by means of interventional radiologic techniques. There were no deaths. The postembolization syndrome, consisting of fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, occurred in all the patients. Severe complications were rare, the most serious being multiple hepatic abscesses with septicemia in one patient, septicemia in another, and mild acute pancreatitis in a third. All these three patients recovered without any sequels from the embolization, and none required surgical intervention. The hepatic abscesses were drained percutaneously, guided by ultrasound. Hepatic artery embolization seems justified in patients with disabling symptoms from the carcinoid syndrome, as long as alternative therapy with the same benefit but fewer complications is not available.
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PMID:Side effects and complications after hepatic artery embolization in the carcinoid syndrome. 187 48


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