Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cefoperazone was used in the treatment of 23 cases of serious bacterial infection in 20 patients. Ten postoperative scalp wound infections, five infections at the site of tracheostomy, four cases of extradural spinal cord abscess, three cases of sepsis, and one abscess of the cerebellopontine angle were treated with cefoperazone (1 to 2 gm BID, usually for seven to 27 days). There were excellent or good clinical responses in 87% (20/23) of the cases (14 of the 15 postsurgical wound infections, three of the four cases of spinal cord abscess, and all three cases of sepsis). Most of the organisms isolated from the patients' cultures were sensitive to cefoperazone. Excellent or good responses occurred in ten of the 12 infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, in all three infections due to Pseudomonas sp, all three due to Citrobacter freundii, the two due to Serratia marcescens, one of the two due to Klebsiella sp, and the one due to Escherichia coli. Two patients with ventriculitis were clinically improved by three 1-gm infusions, via a shunt, of cefoperazone. No adverse effects of the antibiotic therapy were reported.
 ...
PMID:Cefoperazone in the treatment of postsurgical wound infection, sepsis, and abscess of the spinal cord and brain. 650 63

Gram-negative bacterial infections of the central nervous system are generally associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. In patients with ventriculitis induced by gram-negative liquoral sepsis, a reduction in cerebrospinal fluid formation has been reported, suggesting that gram-negative ventriculitis is able per se to alter the normal functioning of the choroid plexus. The aim of the present study was to analyse, for the first time in the rat, the effects of acute ventriculitis on the ultrastructure of the choroid plexus. A simple and inexpensive experimental model of acute ventriculitis was developed: we injected into the cisterna magna of rats 10(3) CFU of live Escherichia coli, inducing septic ventriculitis without major neurological deficits. Histological examinations of rodent choroid plexus 24 h after the injection revealed patches of altered epithelium, with swollen and vacuolated ependymal cells associated with leukocyte infiltration. Electron microscopy demonstrated a reduced number of microvilli and flattening of the epithelial surface. These results (a) indicate that gram-negative septic ventriculitis is able to induce visible ultrastructural alterations of the choroid plexus which (b) are consistent with a picture of marked reduction of the functioning epithelial choroid plexus surface, and (c) highlight the potential usefulness of our rodent acute ventriculitis model for developing treatment modalities.
 ...
PMID:Morphological modifications of the choroid plexus in a rodent model of acute ventriculitis induced by gram-negative liquoral sepsis. Possible implications in the pathophysiology of hypersecretory hydrocephalus. 852 17

The pathogenicity of the nondiphtheria corynebacteria, most commonly known as coryneform bacteria in humans has been recognized in the last two decades. Corynebacterium xerosis is part of the normal flora of the skin, nasopharynx, conjunctives and it has recently been isolated from vaginal swabs. During the last few years, there has been an increased number of case reports claiming an association of C. xerosis with diseases, like septicemia, endocarditis, pleuropneumonia, peritonitis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, mediastinitis, meningitis, ventriculitis specially in immunocompromised patients or surgical patients. Infections due to C. xerosis have been reported rarely in newborn. We report a case of sepsis due to C. xerosis in a newborn without evident immunodeficiency. Our case further support the recognition of C. xerosis as a human pathogen and reinforces the fact that it should not be routinely considered as a contaminant.
 ...
PMID:[Sepsis caused by Corynebacterium xerosis in neonatology: report of a clinical case]. 1142 46

Neonatal Escherichia coli meningitis is a serious disease with high mortality and poor outcome. Ventriculitis, brain abscess and subdural empyema are frequent, with no homogeneous recommendations available for these complications. The case of a newborn infant who developed sepsis and meningitis caused by E. coli is presented. During intravenous treatment with ampicillin, cefotaxime and gentamycin in recommended doses, the patient developed severe subdural abscesses detected on MRI. After consequent antibiotic therapy over 2 months with fosfomycin, amikacin and meropenem the patient improved clinically and the abscesses regressed and disappeared without neurosurgical intervention. At the age of 6.5 months the infant is healthy and well developed. The conservative treatment of subdural abscesses complicating neonatal Escherichia coli meningitis without neurosurgical intervention is possible. The treatment of the individual case should be discussed between pediatrician and neurosurgeon.
 ...
PMID:[Complicating neonatal Escherichia coli meningitis]. 1503 90

Five cases of intraventricular subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGCA) were retrospectively reviewed. Records and detailed work-up of all five cases were well maintained in view of rare occurrence of these tumors. The five patients were males aged 10, 12 (2 cases), 14 and 18 years. The 18-year-old aged male had no stigmata of tuberous sclerosis (TSC) on examination, while the rest presented with features of TSC, intraventricular tumors and hydrocephalus. None of the five cases had renal tumors and did not reveal cardiac tumors. Skin manifestations like shagreen patches were present in two, facial angiofibromas in three, periungal fibromas in two, hypopigmented macules in two and ash-leaf spot in two patients. Fundoscopic examination revealed retinal astrocytomas in two cases only. Two of the five children did not have mental compromise. A child who started throwing seizures early (at 5 months of age) had severe mental retardation. Although SEGCA is a less vascular tumor, one tumor bled profusely intraoperatively; it was excised rapidly via the transcortical route to salvage the life of the child, though he was planned for the transcallosal route like the other cases. The tumor of another child was also very vascular. Four children survived surgery and required no shunt CSF diversion, while one died of severe ventriculitis and septicemia 3 weeks after surgery.
 ...
PMID:Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: a report of five cases. 1604 50

154 patients, who were hospitalized in M. Iashvili Children's central hospital in 1998-2005 were investigated. In 70 cases the diagnosis was neonatal bacterial meningitis, in 62 cases -- bacterial sepsis and neonatal meningitis and 22 cases patients were in control group with the diagnosis of neonatal bacterial sepsis. From base investigation group -132 patients were divided in two group, in which patients were united by the starting point of disease from the birth: first group included newborns with signs of disease on earlier stage (sings of the disease showed up during 24-72 hours from the birth); second group included newborns with later signs of disease (after 72 hours from the birth). Our conclusion is- outcome of bacterial meningitis depends on the starting point of disease. Meningitis which began earlier than 72 hours of life, characterized by severe prognosis. Mother's chronic infection diseases and brain injury of newborn are predictors of severe complications of neonatal bacterial meningitis. Such complications of bacterial meningitis as are: brain abscess, ventriculitis, neonatal seizures, coma and neutropenia, become predictors of severe latest outcome.
 ...
PMID:[Early predictors of neurodevelopmental outcome of neonatal bacterial meningitis]. 1644 39

A preterm infant with early onset Morganella morganii sepsis was treated with cefotaxime and gentamicin after confirmation of antimicrobial susceptibility. The infant developed persistent ventriculitis caused by the emergence of a cefotaxime-resistant Morganella variant with derepression of its AmpC beta-lactamase. When choosing antibiotic therapy, the risk of development of resistance to cephalosporins should be considered in infections caused by M. morganii and other Gram-negative organisms with inducible AmpC beta-lactamases.
 ...
PMID:Early onset Morganella morganii sepsis in a newborn infant with emergence of cephalosporin resistance caused by depression of AMPC beta-lactamase production.. 1656 97

A hundred and fifty-five case histories of neurosurgical patients with the complicated early postoperative period were analyzed. Early postoperative regional pyoinflammatory complications were developed in 21 (4.4%) of 481 patients. There was meningitis in 17 (3.5%) cases, ventriculitis in 2 (0.4%), and wound infection (skin flap suppuration and postoperative wound fistula). Systemic pyoinflammatory complications were observed in 8% of the patients. Among them, there were pyoinflammatory complications in the respiratory system in 30 (6.2%) cases, pyonecrotic cystitis in 5 (1%), and sepsis in 2 (0.4%). Risk factors for regional and systemic complications are shown. Based on the findings, recommendations are given to prevent and treat pyoseptic complications in neurosurgical patients.
 ...
PMID:[Infectious complications after brain tumor removal: some aspects of their prevention, diagnosis, and treatment]. 1768 94

Hydrocephalus is a huge burden, specially in the poor countries with a big proportion of sick children with this condition, against the countries with good sanitarian conditions. In Latinamerica the most common etiological factors of hydrocephalus are associated with bad prenatal controls, neonatal sepsis and consequent meningitis and ventriculitis. The hydrocephalus is a consequence of the damage in the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Neuroendoscopy specially third ventriculostomy, associated in some patients with choroid plexus cauterization, represents an alternative method to manage this condition avoiding shunts and its complications. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) alone or with choroid plexus cauterization (CPC) is an emerging and very useful technique to manage hydrocephalus specially in children with: ventriculitis as a consequence of meningitis, myelomeningocele, obstructive hydrocephalus idiopathic or seconday to posterior fossa tumors. One hundred consecutive children (100) underwent ventriculoscopy preceding EVT as an initial treatment of hydrocephalus since January 2001 to July 2006, median age was 15.5 months with a range between 2-48 months, 55% are males of our Institution in Valencia, Venezuela. We describe the normal and pathological ventricular anatomy with emphasis in the endoscopic technique and its challenges. We present how the EVT works to prevent the shunt implantation. In the future, neuroendoscopy prevents the use of shunts to treat hydrocephalus in children, avoiding its complications and cost. Neuroendoscopy is a neurosurgical technique everyday most common to manage hydrocephalus and intraventricular lesions in the world. We report an algorythm to use in children younger than 1 year of age with postinfectious hydrocephalus (PIHC) or associated with myelomeningocele. We stress the use of EVT as an alternative because of its low cost to treat hydrocephalus avoiding the complications and dependency of shunts.
 ...
PMID:[Neuroendoscopy. Its usefulness in the hydrocephalus management of children in developing countries]. 1842 93

Failure to thrive is frequently seen in breastfed infants. The most common diagnosis is insufficiency of breast milk in an otherwise healthy child. However, several differential diagnoses need to be considered. Progressive feeding difficulties and failure to thrive can be the first manifestation of group B streptococcal ventriculitis. This rare disease does not present with acute symptoms of sepsis or meningitis but evolves insidiously with no fever. Diagnosis is therefore often delayed and made only when intracranial hypertension develops. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture confirming the group B streptococcal infection and cerebral imaging are the necessary investigations for diagnosis. To our knowledge, only 10 cases have been previously reported.
 ...
PMID:[A 6-week-old infant with failure to thrive: insidious presentation of group B streptococcal ventriculitis]. 1924 27


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>