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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum orbiculare, P ovale), a lipophilic yeast that is part of the normal skin flora, causes tinea versicolor but has only rarely been associated with more serious infections. We report five episodes in four infants of catheter-related infection caused by this organism. All episodes occurred in infants who had survived serious neonatal disorders and were receiving prolonged therapy with intravenous fat emulsion. Sudden onset of fever without focal findings was the usual presentation; however, one afebrile patient had recurrent episodes of apnea, bradycardia, and cyanosis. Thrombocytopenia was a prominent finding. Patients were generally treated with amphotericin B. All patients recovered when the colonized catheter was removed or fat emulsion therapy was stopped. The yeast usually grew slowly in blood culture media but grew readily when subcultured onto Sabouraud's medium coated with sterile olive oil. Yeasts were readily identified in all four patients in whom a buffy coat Gram stain was obtained of blood from the central intravenous catheter. M furfur may be a fairly common but unrecognized cause of catheter-related sepsis in infants receiving long-term fat emulsion therapy. This organism should be sought whenever routine blood cultures are negative for bacteria and yeasts are observed in a buffy coat Gram stain.
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PMID:Catheter-related infection in infants due to an unusual lipophilic yeast--Malassezia furfur. 393 37

Malassezia furfur, a lipophilic fungus commonly found on the skin of healthy adult, was isolated from Broviac catheter blood cultures in five sick infants who were receiving fat emulsions intravenously. The most common manifestations of sepsis included apnea and bradycardia, low-grade fever, interstitial pneumonia, elevated neutrophil band counts, and thrombocytopenia. All infants recovered without antifungal therapy after removal of the Broviac catheters. Early onset of fungemia after catheter placement in these five infants and the recovery of M. furfur from the skin of nearly 33% of hospitalized premature neonates indicate that contamination of the Broviac catheter at time of placement may be the most likely origin of infection.
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PMID:Broviac catheter-related Malassezia furfur sepsis in five infants receiving intravenous fat emulsions. 654 35

Malassezia furfur sepsis developed in a woman with hyperemesis gravidarum while she was receiving total parenteral nutrition supplemented with lipids. Fever, chills, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and multiple bilateral pulmonary nodular infiltrates were the primary clinical manifestations. Lysis-centrifugation fungal blood cultures supplemented with olive oil grew M furfur. Treatment included removal of the central venous catheter line, discontinuation of the lipid emulsion, and antifungal chemotherapy. Malassezia furfur sepsis complicating total parenteral nutrition may be more common in adults than once suspected. A high index of suspicion is required to diagnose this infection, and the addition of olive oil to the fungal culture medium will provide the necessary growth factors to isolate this fungus.
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PMID:Systemic Malassezia furfur infection in an adult receiving total parenteral nutrition. 761 9

A laboratory-confirmed case of Malassezia furfur fungemia in a 71-year-old chronic total parenteral nutrition patient is described. The patient had extensive bowel necrosis secondary to vascular necrosis, and the infection appeared to be related to the use of Hickman catheter. A brief review of the literature about catheter-related malassezia sepsis, as well as salient aspects of laboratory diagnosis and identification of the fungus, are presented.
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PMID:Malassezia furfur fungemia: a case report. 825 55

The objectives of this study were to determine, in neonates of < 1250 g birthweight (N = 57), the initial time of skin colonization by Malassezia furfur, rate of colonization by Candida spp., and whether skin colonization by these yeasts was predictive of central line colonization or fungaemia. By age two weeks, 51% of neonates were culture-positive for M. furfur on umbilical or groin skin. During hospitalization, positive skin cultures for M. furfur or Candida spp. were obtained in 70% and 37% of neonates, respectively. Risk factors associated with positive skin cultures were mechanical ventilation and three or more episodes of suspected sepsis. Eight of the 52 infants with central venous catheters, had positive blood cultures withdrawn from the lines; five (62%) of these had positive skin surveillance cultures. Although positive skin cultures for M. furfur, Candida spp., or both were commonly observed in this population, they were not predictive of positive central line cultures or systemic illness.
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PMID:Colonization and infection associated with Malassezia and Candida species in a neonatal unit. 891 Jul 54

Malassezia furfur is a lipophilic yeast known to colonize indwelling catheters. Although progression to vasculitis and sepsis has been described, it has rarely caused fungemia in adults receiving nutrition via an indwelling catheter. Difficulty in diagnosis occurs as M furfur does not grow on routine culture media unless it is supplemented with fatty acids. We present the first case of M furfur fungemia in an adult, complicated by a pedunculated septic thrombus arising from the superior vena cava and extending into the right atrium. Removal of the catheter, amphotericin-B therapy, and surgical debridement were required for cure.
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PMID:Intracardiac mass complicating Malassezia furfur fungemia. 1111 82

Malassezia furfur fungemia can cause sepsis in low birth weight neonates receiving parenteral lipids through central intravenous catheters. Its presentation has varied from nonspecific signs and symptoms to pulmonary vasculitis and endocarditis. We report the case of a premature infant who developed peripheral thromboembolic phenomena without evidence of endocarditis associated with M. furfur fungemia, an association not previously described.
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PMID:Peripheral thromboembolism associated with Malassezia furfur sepsis. 1207 74

Malassezia furfur is a lipophilic yeast considered as a normal component of the human skin flora. Apart from pityriasis versicolor, M. furfur has been linked to several skin diseases such as seborrheic dermatitis, folliculitis or atopic dermatitis. Moreover, these yeasts have been reported as agent of invasive human diseases including pneumonia, catheter-associated sepsis and peritonitis. The existence of morphological, serological, metabolical, biochemical and karyotipical differences has been described among isolates of these yeasts. These observations gave arguments for a possible intraspecific division, and this hypothesis has been confirmed by the existence of six species within the formerly called M. furfur (lipid-dependent Malassezia strains): M. furfur, Malassezia sympodialis, Malassezia globosa, Malassezia obtusa, Malassezia restricta and Malassezia slooffiae.
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PMID:[Taxonomy of Malassezia furfur: state of the art]. 1553 15

We report one case of neonatal sepsis caused by Malassezia furfur in an infant who had been in the Intensive Care Unit for 64 days. She had received prolonged therapy with intravenous fat emulsion. We used Sabouraud's medium with an overlay of sterile olive oil for the blood culture, because we had observed yeast forms in one smear of peripheral blood. M. furfur was isolated after three days of incubation. The patient recovered following removal of the port-a-cath and antifungal treatment, and had no further evidence of fungal infection. The skin colonization by the same yeast was demonstrated.
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PMID:[Neonatal sepsis by Malassezia furfur.]. 1847 66

Malassezia furfur, an etiological agent of catheter-associated fungemia, requires long-chain fatty acids for in vitro growth. We examined the applicability of rDNA sequence analysis, autoaggregation testing in liquid culture, utilization of parenteral lipid emulsions, and phospholipase activity for discrimination of catheter-associated M. furfur strains. The rDNA sequence types of catheter-associated M. furfur strains were distinct from those of other isolates. All M. furfur isolates recovered from blood culture bottles and the tips of catheters from patients receiving fat emulsion therapy were type I-3. Only M. furfur isolate GIFU 01 from a blood culture bottle showed no autoaggregation in liquid culture. All strains of M. furfur examined grew well on Sabouraud's dextrose agar supplemented with Intralipid lipid emulsion as compared to individual Tweens (20, 40, 60, 80) and Cremophor EL. A high percentage of type I-3 M. furfur strains (80.0%) showed very high phospholipase activity compared to type I-1 and I-4 strains obtained from healthy skin of the same subjects or healthy control subjects (20.0% and 0.0%, respectively). The blood culture bottle isolate GIFU 01 showed very high lipolytic enzymes activity for Intralipid but no phospholipase activity. These results suggest that particular factors, such as non-autoaggregation and very high lipolytic enzyme activity for parenteral lipid emulsions, play important roles in the growth and pathogenicity of Malassezia-related sepsis.
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PMID:Genetic and biological features of catheter-associated Malassezia furfur from hospitalized adults. 2161 98


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