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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Marlex mesh with zipper was used for abdominal closure in 5 of 147 patients with generalized peritonitis seen during a period of 2 years. Residual/recurrent intra-abdominal sepsis necessitating repeated explorations prompted use of this technique followed by frequent peritoneal lavages. Abdominal sepsis was successfully controlled in 4 of 5 patients, although we lost 3 of 5 patients due to multiple factors.
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PMID:Open management of septic abdomen by Marlex mesh zipper. 182 51

Effects of exogenous fat emulsion (Intralipid) on lymphocyte function were studied, in vivo, with rats. Abdominal sepsis was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by cecal ligation and puncture. Following a bolus infusion of the fat emulsion or normal saline, lymphocyte proliferations after stimulation with bacto-concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) were evaluated in animals divided into the following groups: group I, non-septic rats receiving saline infusion (NS-S); group II, non-septic rats receiving the fat emulsion (NS-F); group III, septic rats receiving saline (S-S); group IV, septic rats receiving the fat emulsion (S-F). Results of the study demonstrated that lymphocyte function was not suppressed by the presence of sepsis, and infusion of the exogenous fat emulsion also did not lead to a suppression of the lymphocyte function in either the septic or the non-septic rats. The results obtained from a previous, as well as this present, study suggest that although infusion of exogenous fat emulsion may suppress the function of monocyte and polymorphonuclear cells, lymphocyte function is not affected.
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PMID:Effects of exogenous fat emulsion on lymphocyte function in septic rats. 342 13

Effects of exogenous fat emulsion (Intralipid) on the chemotactic function of monocytes and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells were studied in vivo with rats. Abdominal sepsis was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by cecal ligation and puncture. Following a bolus infusion of the fat emulsion or saline, chemotactic function of monocytes and PMN cells was evaluated in animals divided into the following four groups: Group I, non-septic rats receiving saline infusion (NS-S); Group II, non-septic rats receiving the fat emulsion (NS-F); Group III, septic rats receiving saline (S-S); Group IV, septic rats receiving the fat emulsion (S-F). Results of the study revealed that monocyte function was suppressed by the sepsis, whether saline or the fat emulsion was infused, and administration of the fat emulsion resulted in suppression of monocyte chemotaxis both in the non-septic and the septic rats. Although in this study chemotactic function of PMN cells was not significantly suppressed by the sepsis, administration of the fat emulsion again led to a suppression of PMN cell function, in both the non-septic and the septic rats. Results of the study confirmed that administration of an exogenous fat emulsion may suppress the chemotactic function of the monocytes and PMN cells and, in the presence of severe sepsis, infusion of the fat emulsion may lead to a further deterioration of immunologic function of the host. Special care, therefore, should be taken against the use of exogenous fat emulsion in septic individuals or in those at risk of infection.
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PMID:Effects of exogenous fat emulsion (Intralipid) on chemotactic function of monocytes and polymorphonuclear cells in sepsis. 381 59

Abdominal sepsis and septic shock are still major causes of mortality in intensive care units (ICU). Acute renal failure (ARF) is one of the hallmarks encountered in septic shock. The pathophysiological alterations leading to ARF are poorly understood. A novel murine model of polymicrobial sepsis (colon ascendens stent peritonitis [CASP]) was used to investigate functional renal parameters, renal chemokine transcription levels, and recruitment of inflammatory leukocytes in septic ARF. CASP was induced by inserting a 14-gauge stent into the colon ascendens of C57BL/6 mice, generating a septic focus resulting in polymicrobial sepsis. Mice were monitored for urine output and serum azotemia. Kidneys were harvested for analysis of leukocyte infiltration by immunohistochemistry and chemokine gene expression by RNase protection assay (3, 6, 12, and 18 h). CASP, but not sham-CASP, resulted in anuria immediately after surgery and in elevated serum creatinine and BUN detected 18 h after CASP surgery, confirming acute renal failure. Progressive induction of chemokine gene expression was observed for IP-10, MIP-2, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, MCP-1, and RANTES peaking at 12 h with subsequent decrease. Immunohistochemistry revealed an accumulation of neutrophils and monocytes which had adhered to the renal vascular endothelium. Thus, acute renal failure in sepsis is accompanied by a marked upregulation of chemokines of the CC and CXC group within the kidney.
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PMID:Massive chemokine transcription in acute renal failure due to polymicrobial sepsis. 1094 65

Abdominal sepsis due to secondary fecal peritonitis following anastomosis insufficiency is a rare but life threatening complication of colorectal surgery. The induction of IFN-gamma by IL-12 is believed to play a key role in sepsis as it promotes antibacterial effector mechanisms such as oxidative burst or nitric oxide induction. The impact of gene deficiency for IL-12 (IL-12p40 KO), oxidative burst (p47(phox) KO), or NO induction (iNOS KO) on the outcome of fecal peritonitis was characterized using the murine Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis model (CASP). In the IL-12p40 KO model, 3 and 12 h after surgery, serum cytokine levels of IL-1beta, TNF, IL-18, and IL-10 were analyzed. Expression of IL-1beta, IL-10, IP-10, and MIP-1alpha was measured in lung and liver by RNAse Protection Assay. IL-12p40 and iNOS-deficient mice exhibited a significantly higher susceptibility to CASP as compared to the controls, whereas no significant difference was observed in p47(phox) KO mice. Absence of IL-12 resulted in delayed expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in both the liver and the lung, and was associated with significant reduction of IL-1beta levels in the serum 12 h after CASP. IL-12 and iNOS possess protective functions in fecal murine peritonitis. Surprisingly, no significant contribution of oxidative burst to the immune response was observed. Overall, these findings suggest that IL-12 deficiency causes a profound delay of the immune response after polymicrobial challenge resulting in significantly increased susceptibility in the CASP model.
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PMID:Impact of interleukin-12, oxidative burst, and iNOS on the survival of murine fecal peritonitis. 1575 96

Abdominal sepsis remains a major cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality in surgical intensive care units. It must be considered a life-threatening condition and requires multidisciplinary coordination of intensive care. Apart from the local abdominal infection (peritonitis), abdominal sepsis is defined by extraperitoneal systemic reactions potentially leading to septic shock and death in the further course. Early and radical focus sanitation as well as aggressive systemic antimicrobial therapy remain the causal therapy strategies of abdominal sepsis.
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PMID:[Special aspects of abdominal sepsis]. 1602 47

Abdominal sepsis is a rare but life threatening condition due to several causes. Although several advances in medicine have been performed in last years, abdominal sepsis could have a negative potential evolving beyond exitus. The authors present a review of the literature and a commentary of their own clinical experience.
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PMID:[Abdominal sepsis in surgical patients. Pathophysiology and prevention]. 1691 80

An analysis of 2376 case histories of patients with surgical infections has shown that in 827 (34.8%) patients the course of main disease was complicated by sepsis. The most frequent causes of the development of sepsis were surgical infections with localization in the abdominal cavity, lungs and mediastinum. Abdominal sepsis was diagnosed in 398 (41.7%) of patients with peritonitis. The annual growth of this category of patients was 8.3%. The outcome of abdominal sepsis was shown to depend on the score number according to scales APACHE II and SOFA, and on the timely operative treatment and beginning of antibacterial therapy.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of abdominal sepsis]. 1712 Apr 16

Sepsis is one of the most urgent problems of modern surgery as a steady tendency for the number of patients and mortality rates to increase. Sepsis is the syndrome of a systemic inflammatory response to the invasion of microorganisms. Abdominal sepsis (AS) is inherently a systemic inflammatory response to a focal of infection in the abdomen or retroperitoneal space. Implementation of an individual program for intensive care and anesthetic support is also the same important component of the program for AS treatment as surgery. Intensive care for AS is based on the objective evaluation of the patients' condition, which makes it possible not only to determine the severity of the disease and the degree of organ dysfunction, but also to choose the most adequate intensive care program in terms of a specific clinical situation. The reasonable use of currently available intensive care means and methods substantially reduce mortality rates in patients with AS.
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PMID:[Abdominal sepsis: intensive care strategy]. 1728 56

Although sepsis is a systemic process, the pathophysiological cascade of events may vary from region to region.Abdominal sepsis represents the host's systemic inflammatory response to bacterial peritonitis.It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates, and is the second most common cause of sepsis-related mortality in the intensive care unit.The review focuses on sepsis in the specific setting of severe peritonitis.
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PMID:Current concept of abdominal sepsis: WSES position paper. 2467 57


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