Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is an uncommon disorder characterized by an accumulation of gas in the bowel wall, and has been associated with a variety of disorders and procedures. We describe a 35-year-old man who undertook hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to myelodysplastic syndrome. An abdominal X-ray demonstrated extensive PI with pneumoperitoneum mimicking hollow organ perforation. However, the patient had no abdominal symptoms and there was no evidence of peritoneal inflammation. After two weeks of conservative management, including bowel rest and antibiotics, his pneumoperitoneum resolved spontaneously without any complications. Of the many factors that affect the gastrointestinal tract mucosal integrity, intramural pressure, and bacterial flora-produced intraluminal gas interact to produce PI. If the condition is accompanied by bowel ischemia, portomesenteric venous gas, metabolic acidosis, and abdominal sepsis, or if PI is severe in extent immediate surgical intervention is indicated. The described case supports that a mechanical rather than a bacterial etiology underlies the pathogenesis of PI.
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PMID:Pneumatosis intestinalis with pneumoperitoneum mimicking intestinal perforation in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 1742 46

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is the presence of gas within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract and represents a tremendous spectrum of conditions and outcomes, ranging from benign diseases to abdominal sepsis and death. It is seen with increased frequency in patients who are immunocompromised because of steroids, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or AIDS. PI may result from intraluminal bacterial gas entering the bowel wall due to increased mucosal permeability caused by defects in bowel wall lymphoid tissue. We present a case of PI who was treated conservatively and in whom PI resolved completely and we present a literature review of conservative management. It is not difficult to make a precise diagnosis of PI and to prevent unnecessary surgical intervention, especially when PI presents without clinical evidence of peritonitis. Conservative treatment is possible and safe for selected patients. Awareness of these rare causes of PI and close observation of selected patients without peritonitis may prevent unnecessary invasive surgical explorations.
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PMID:Pneumatosis Intestinalis: Can We Avoid Surgical Intervention in Nonsurgical Patients? 2110 43

Pneumatosis intestinalis and portomesenteric vein gas are rare and potentially severe radiological findings that occur both in pediatric and adult populations. They actually are radiographic signs of underlying intra-abdominal pathology, abnormality or diagnostic medical interference. If combined with other radiological or clinical signs of intestinal ischemia or sepsis, the prognosis is dismal and urgent laparotomy is mandatory. We report two cases of surgical treatment with ominous outcome in an effort to characterize this finding correctly as an absolute surgical indication or as an additional diagnostic criterion that simply marks a further breakdown of the systems in patients with a long list of severe medical conditions.
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PMID:Unusual radiological finding of lethal pneumatosis intestinalis and portomesenteric vein gas. 2116 Jun 36

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare condition characterized by multiple pneumocysts in the submucosa or subserosa of the bowel. Here, we report a rare case of asymptomatic PI after chemotherapy induction in an 18-yr-old man with B lymphoblastic leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities. The patient was treated conservatively and recovered without complications. The possibility of PI should be considered as a complication during or after chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies. Conservative treatment should be considered unless there are complications, including peritonitis, bowel perforation, and severe sepsis.
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PMID:Asymptomatic pneumatosis intestinalis following chemotherapy for B lymphoblastic leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities in an adolescent patient. 2247 81

Pneumatosis intestinalis and free intraperitoneal air on abdominal radiographs are considered pathognomonic signs of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). We report a unique case of late-onset fulminant sepsis due to Clostridium perfringens presenting with shock, extensive pneumatosis intestinalis and free intraperitoneal air in an extremely low birth weight infant without histopathological evidence of bowel necrosis or NEC.
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PMID:Massive pneumatosis without necrosis: A case report of Clostridium perfringens sepsis in an extremely low birth weight infant. 2648 48

Pneumatosis intestinalis is a radiographic finding that represents a spectrum of conditions ranging from benign disease to abdominal sepsis and death. Along with portal venous gas, it is generally considered an ominous sign prompting emergency operative intervention. We report a rare case showing that nonoperative therapy can be considered in a seriously ill patient with esophageal, gastric and portal venous air.
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PMID:Pneumatosis of the esophagus and intestines with portal venous air: a rare presentation. 2904 56