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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a pathogenic organism with increasing importance in total parenteral nutrition therapy. Strict asepsis during catheter insertion prolongs the interval free from Staphylococcus epidermidis infection. Staphylococcus epidermidis colonizes the catheter after migrating from the skin. For protection, we advise a long subcutaneous tunnel for all catheters that are to be indwelling for longer than three weeks. Prompt recatheterization of a patient with Staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis can result in hematogenous seeding of the new catheter and persistence of the infection. Catheter related Staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis has subsided after catheter withdrawal, and there is no need for antibiotic therapy provided that other prosthetic materials are not placed in the vascular tree. Immunologic status of the patients is not related to the frequency or severity of Staphylococcus epidermidis infections, or both.
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PMID:Catheter sepsis due to Staphylococcus epidermidis during parenteral nutrition. 677 28

The authors describe a patient with severe head injury and sepsis who became acutely quadriplegic 3 days postinjury because of a critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) and critical illness myopathy (CIM), which resolved rapidly after treatment of the underlying infection. In only 3 days the patient developed septic shock together with flaccid quadriplegia and absent deep tendon reflexes with no clinical or radiological evidence of central nervous system deterioration. Neurophysiological studies showed an acute axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy, whereas the clinical course strongly suggested a concurrent myopathy. A severe Staphylococcus epidermidis infection accompanied by bacteremia was treated and the patient recovered fully within a few days. Although the case described here is unique because of its very early onset and rapid resolution, CIP and CIM are frequent complications of sepsis and multiple organ failure. The authors suggest that severely head injured patients with sepsis should be evaluated for CIP and CIM when presenting with unexplained muscle weakness or paralysis.
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PMID:Acute quadriplegia with delayed onset and rapid recovery. Case report. 952 27

Biomaterial surfaces may be modified to reduce bacterial adhesion. The susceptibility in mice to Staphylococcus epidermidis infection in tissue surrounding the commonly used catheter materials-silicon elastomer (SE), polyamide (PA), and their surface-modified polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-grafted derivatives, SE-PVP and PA-PVP, respectively-was assessed. Abscesses developed around SE-PVP. Around SE, PA, and PA-PVP catheters, no signs of infection were observed, although mice carrying PA-PVP developed septicemia after 14-21 days. S. epidermidis was cultured from the tissue surrounding PA-PVP segments. Cells around PA-PVP segments containing large numbers of bacteria were identified as macrophages by use of immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. This persistence of intracellular bacteria was also observed around SE-PVP, SE, and PA catheters, although to a lesser extent. The cytokine profiles around the 4 materials were different. Implanted biomaterial induces an inflammatory response favorable to the persistence of S. epidermidis. Intracellular persistence of bacteria inside macrophages may be a pivotal process in the pathogenesis of biomaterial-associated infection.
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PMID:Biomaterial-associated persistence of Staphylococcus epidermidis in pericatheter macrophages. 1076 65