Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy have revolutionized the clinical management of colonic diseases. Colonoscopy is a highly sensitive and specific test. Colonic diseases often produce characteristic colonoscopic findings, as well as characteristic histologic findings, as identified in colonoscopic biopsy or polypectomy specimens. Colonoscopy is relatively safe, with a low incidence of serious complications, such as colonic perforation, hemorrhage, cardiopulmonary arrest, or sepsis. Colonoscopy is becoming more important clinically because of more widespread use of screening colonoscopy for colon cancer, application of therapeutic colonoscopy, and exciting new technical improvements.
 ...
PMID:The role of sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy in the diagnosis and management of lower gastrointestinal disorders: endoscopic findings, therapy, and complications. 1251 Apr 54

A 65-year-old male in malnutrition due to advanced colon cancer underwent resection of transverse colon tumor and the invaded abdominal muscles with necrosis and abscess. After epidural catheter insertion between Th 10-11 for 9 cm cephalad, anesthesia was induced with thiopental 200 mg and fentanyl 50 micrograms. Tracheal intubation was done with vecuronium 5 mg, and anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane with nitrous oxide in oxygen and epidural block. During surgery, systolic blood pressure often went up to 130 to 140 mmHg and down to 50 to 60 mmHg. Dopamine 3-5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 was administered but occasional ephedrine bolus injection was still necessary. The intestine, including the intact part, was edematous. After the surgery, when systolic blood pressure was stable at about 130 mmHg and his consciousness was clear with regular spontaneous respiration, the tracheal tube was removed. However, soon after the extubation, expiratory stridor and cyanosis of the bilateral hands and feet were observed. Hydrocortisone 200 mg and nicardipine 0.5 mg were administered and room temperature was raised. About 30 minutes later, stridor and cyanosis subsided. In the ward after surgery, only hoarseness was observed. The stridor might have been due to the laryngeal edema, which could be attributed to stimulation by tracheal tube in the patient with malnutrition. The hemodynamic instability during surgery and cyanosis after extubation might have come from changes of the vascular resistance by sepsis.
 ...
PMID:[A case report of the laryngeal edema and peripheral cyanosis after extubation of the tracheal tube]. 1367 88

Hepatic involvement in primary amyloidosis (AL type) is not rare but is often clinically silent. However, presentation with jaundice in AL-type amyloidosis is rare, with an incidence of less than 5% reported in the literature. It is considered to be a preterminal sign. We herein report on a case of primary hepatic amyloidosis presenting with severe intrahepatic cholestasis. Viral, drug, alcohol, and autoimmune etiologies were all excluded. A liver biopsy was performed because of unexplained cholestatic jaundice for 3 months. The pathology showed hepatic amyloidosis with extensive amyloid deposition in the expanded portal tracts and sinusoidal space. The patient received supportive treatment only, because of persistent jaundice, coexistent colon cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis, and possibly peritoneal carcinomatosis. Unfortunately, the patient died of sepsis 10 months after the onset of jaundice. We suggest that hepatic amyloidosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained cholestatic jaundice.
 ...
PMID:Severe intrahepatic cholestasis in an elderly patient with primary amyloidosis and colon adenocarcinoma. 1507 94

The consequence of demographic aging is an increase of surgical pathology of the elderly, concerning both number and complexity of the cases. To asses the nature of geriatric surgical pathology and the effect of co-morbidities on surgical outcome, a retrospective study was carried out on a series of 401 patients aged over 75, treated in the IIIrd Surgical Unit in the period 2002-2003. 132 patients were admitted as acute cases and 94 of them were operated: 62 required immediate surgery and 32 required delayed operations. According to the nature of the diseases, benign surgical conditions were encountered in majority of the cases (78 cases). The diagnostics requiring immediate operations were: complicated hernias, perforated peptic ulcer, lower limb acute ischemia. Delayed emergency operations were performed for: acute cholecystitis, biliary lithiasis with angiocholitis and complicated gastric cancer. Cardiovascular pathology was recorded as the most frequent co-morbidity. Hospital mortality rate of 32.9% resulted mainly from cases with mesenteric infarction and generalized peritonitis, as well as from delayed emergencies such as complicated gastric and colon cancer. The most frequent causes of death following surgery were: cardiac failure, sepsis and multiple organ failure.
 ...
PMID:[Acute surgical pathology in elderly patients]. 1660 87

Among the several different combination chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, oxaliplatin plus raltitrexed has shown encouraging therapeutic results and a fairly good toxicity profile. Here, we report on two patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving this combination therapy, which leads to severe enterocolitis and neutropenia resulting in death in one patient. One patient was a 67-year-old woman suffering from an adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon with multiple liver metastases. The other patient was a 74-year-old woman with colon cancer, and metachronous multiple pulmonal and hepatic metastases. In both patients, palliative chemotherapy consisted of oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 in combination with raltitrexed 3 mg/m2 on day 1 every 21 days. Both patients developed neutropenia in combination with severe enterocolitis after the fourth and the second chemotherapy cycle, respectively. Despite antibiotic treatment, diarrhea persisted in both patients for weeks. One patient died 17 days after hospital admission because of enteric sepsis with bleeding of the colonic mucosa and multiorgan failure. The other patient recovered completely and was discharged from hospital after 8 weeks. Severe enterocolitis, a hitherto infrequently recognized adverse event, which has been described in association with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin and oxaliplatin chemotherapy, may also occur with raltitrexed and oxaliplatin. Physicians should be aware of this rare, although potentially lethal, gastrointestinal toxicity.
 ...
PMID:Severe enteropathy associated with raltitrexed and oxaliplatin chemotherapy: report of two patients experiencing this rare, potentially lethal gastrointestinal adverse event. 1692 37

Colorectal cancer is the most common malignant complication in patients who have IBD. The disease is difficult to diagnose because there is an overlap in symptoms in patients who have colon cancer and those who have IBD. Much has been learned about the incidence of colorectal cancer in patients who have IBD and its correlation with disease activity, duration, and anatomic location; however, almost no data are available regarding specific therapeutic considerations during adjuvant or palliative chemotherapy for these patients with respect to their underlying disease. Patients who have IBD who develop colorectal cancer are at higher risk for developing severe diarrhea during chemotherapy that may be due to the toxic effects of cytotoxic drugs or a flare of the IBD. Continuous infusional 5-FU alone, in combination with leucovorin, or in combination with oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) seems to be tolerated best. Bolus infusions of 5-FU (Roswell Park or Mayo regimens) and combination therapy of irinotecan with 5-FU should be avoided because of severe diarrhea and the possibility of sepsis. When diarrhea develops or worsens, empiric aminosalicylates may be given. Although it is theoretically possible that anti-EGFR therapies could affect IBD activity adversely, clinical experience with cetuximab in patients who have colorectal cancer has not shown any significant gastrointestinal side effects. Therefore, it seems reasonable to use it in patients who have colorectal cancer and IBD. The administration of bevacizumab has been associated with rare episodes of intestinal perforation; it should be used with great care in patients who have IBD. More studies and an integrative, multidisciplinary approach from oncologists and gastroenterologists are needed to provide optimal care for patients who have IBD during chemotherapy for colorectal cancer
 ...
PMID:Systemic treatment of patients who have colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. 1695 47

Bloodstream infection caused by Clostridium symbiosum was previously reported in only one case, from a highly immunocompromised patient with metastic colon cancer. We describe the second case of clinical bacteraemic sepsis caused by C. symbiosum from a previously healthy man, which underlines the pathogenicity of this species.
 ...
PMID:Clostridium symbiosum as a cause of bloodstream infection in an immunocompetent patient. 1751 25

Pyogenic-liver abscesses are due to bacteria mostly from the portal and biliary tracts. There is usually only one located in the right liver, but they may be found in the left liver, be multiple or multilocular. Diagnosis, based on ultrasound and/or computed tomography scan, is confirmed by percutaneous-needle aspiration to identify the bacteria causing the disease. Global management includes the treatment of sepsis and the aetiology of the liver abscess: biliary lithiasis, diverticular disease, colon cancer, appendicitis or other intra-abdominal infections. However, no cause is found in 20% of cases. Treatment is based on antibiotics and, sometimes, percutaneous drainage while the cause may be treated immediately or later if the sepsis is controlled. Interventional radiology is often used. Surgery may be performed in case of failure of initial treatment and to cure the cause of the abscess. Prognosis may be poor, especially if there are associated-risk factors, such as diabetes and immunodepression, even though the outcome has improved with a multidisciplinary approach.
 ...
PMID:[Pyogenic-liver abscess: diagnosis and management]. 1901 4

Colonic perforation caused by upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is extremely rare. A 69-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of abdominal fullness. Colonoscopy could be performed only up to the hepatic flexure due to an elongated colon and residual stools. Because her symptoms improved, upper GI endoscopy was performed 11 days later. The patient developed severe abdominal pain two hours after the examination. Abdominal X-ray and computed tomography showed massive free air. Immediate laparotomy was performed for the intestinal perforation. After removal of stool, a perforation site was detected in the cecum with an invasive ascending colon cancer. Therefore, a right hemicolectomy, ileostomy, and transverse colostomy were performed. Although she developed postoperative septicemia, the patient was discharged 38 days after admission. Seven months postoperatively, the patient died of lung, liver, and brain metastases. Even in cases with a lesion that is not completely obstructed, it is important to note that air insufflations during upper GI endoscopy can perforate the intestinal wall in patients with advanced colon cancer.
 ...
PMID:Cecal perforation with an ascending colon cancer caused by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. 1953 13

Aldose reductase (AR), that catalyzes the rate limiting step of the polyol pathway of glucose metabolism, besides reducing glucose to sorbitol, reduces a number of lipid peroxidation - derived aldehydes and their glutathione conjugates. Recent studies suggest that apart from its involvement in diabetic complications, AR's catalytic activity plays a key role in a number of inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, sepsis, asthma, uveitis, and colon cancer. Furthermore, AR is overexpressed in human cancers such as liver, colon, breast, cervical and ovarian. Since AR inhibitors have already undergone up to phase-iii clinical trials for diabetic complications, they could be safe anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore the future use of AR inhibitors in down-regulating major inflammatory pathologies such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases could relieve some of the major health concerns of worldwide.
 ...
PMID:Aldose reductase: a novel therapeutic target for inflammatory pathologies. 1977 27


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>