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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study was made of some nonspecific immunity indices in staphylococcus sepsis and gastroenterocolitis during the infectious process in young children. Results of these investigations pointed to the depression of bactericidal and lysozyme activity of the blood serum and of the immunoadherence reaction at the acute period of the disease, and to some increase at the phase of recovery. There was also found an elevation of the phagocytic activity (of the phagocytolysis percentage) at the acute phase of the staphylococcus sepsis and gastroenterocolitis Antistaphylococcus gamma-globulin produced a positive effect on the lysozyme and bactericidal activity of the blood sera and promoted an increase of the blood phagocytic activity in the sick children.
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PMID:[Several indices of non-specific immunity in staphylococcal sepsis and staphylococcal gastroenterocolitis in children of different ages]. 98 93

Analysis of section material was carried out covering the period 1943-1975. It was established that proportion of septic diseases in the general structure of children's mortality in the recent years was stabilized at rather high levels (1973-1975--17.1%). Fatal outcomes were most often among infants at the early period of life in whom sepsis developed against the background of premorbid factors including prematurity, malformations, pathologic labour, mother's diseases, etc. The course of sepsis was particularly severe in infants with congenital immunodeficient states. The main pathogene of sepsis at present is staphylococcus. During the period under study, correlation and morphology of various forms of sepsis varied depending upon the pathogene and therapy applied. Since 1968 and up to new the most common form of sepsis has been that morphologically identical to sepsis observed in 1943-1947, i.e. before the wide application of antibiotics.
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PMID:[Septicemia in children according to autopsy data]. 102 Oct 49

Burn wound sepsis is still a common cause of death in burn injuries. Eighty percent of this infection is with colonisation from the patient and twenty percent as a result of cross infection. Most of the mortality is due to virulent cross infection. Pseudomonas has almost disappeared and multiple resistant staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogen today. It can cause loss of skin grafts and septicaemia, particularly due to colonisation of intravenous lines. The risk increases with the time since the burn injury. Early excision and grafting is important. With a large burn it is not possible to do this in one session and so the risk is increased with a compromised patient. Maintenance of a good diet and vitamin supplements is important, preferably orally or through a naso-gastric tube. Parenteral nutrition increases the risk of infection. Clinical infection is combated by good cleaning procedures, preferably with chlorhexidine solution and the application of a good topical agent such as Silvazine. The presence of bacteria in the wound must be monitored. Strict barrier nursing and personal hygiene, particularly hand washing, are the mainstay of cross infection prevention. Antibiotics may be required, monitored by blood cultures. Documenting MRSA is a good way to monitor the unit's infection prevention programme. The main preventive measures are early referral, early excision and grafting, good nutritional support, good topical agents and barrier nursing.
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PMID:Multiple resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 129 97

77 patients with serious resistant staphylococcal infections, including septicemia, lower respiratory infection, intraabdominal infection, skin and soft tissue infections and urinary tract infection, were treated with demethyl-vancomycin. 82% of the organisms were methicillin-resistant. Most of the patients had severe underlying diseases and were immunocompromised hosts. The infections were serious. The clinical efficacy rate was 73% and the bacteria clearance rate 68%. Mild adverse reactions happened in 11% of the patients and no obvious nephrotoxicity was noted. MIC90 of demethyl-vancomycin against staph. aureus was 2 micrograms/ml. All isolates in this study were highly susceptible to the drug. Demethyl-vancomycin was found more active against staphylococcus than the other 16 antibacterial agents, which are commonly used in this country. The indication and the use of the drug were discussed.
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PMID:[Demethyl-vancomycin in treatment of resistant staphylococcal infections. A clinical evaluation]. 133 24

There were 52 patients with sepsis, 61.6% were over 60 years of age (63.3% of patients had septicemia, 36.7% had septicopyemia). The disease was caused by ++pyo-inflammatory diseases of the vessels in 34.6% and the urinary system in 17.3% of cases. Microbial causative agents were isolated from the blood in 83.3% of patients (monoculture in 46.6%, associations of microorganisms in 36.6%; staphylococcus in 59.7%, gram-negative microflora in 46.7%). The most frequently encountered disorders of the immunological status were reduction of the number of lymphocytes and their T- (85%) and B-population (62.9%), increase of the level of immunoglobulins M (81.5%) and A (55.6%), decrease of the number of accessory T-cells (73.6%) and the ratio of accessory and suppressant T-cells (52.6%). Along with the application of antibacterial therapy, which relieved the microcirculatory blockage, and detoxication measures in the treatment of the purulent foci, much attention was paid to immunologic correction for the removal of primary and secondary insufficiency (endobulin, ++T-activin, isoprinosin). Blocking of the immunological reaction was relieved in 65.5% of patients by discrete plasmapheresis with compensation for the deficiency with endobulin, quick-frozen plasma, and rheopreparations. In the group of 52 patients 12 died (mortality 23.1%).
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PMID:[Diagnosis and treatment of septicemia]. 146 67

The clinical features and results of laboratory investigations of the first 19 Indian patients with AIDS seen in our hospital are presented. Weight loss, fever, and diarrhea were the most common symptoms. Tuberculosis (TB) was the most common secondary infectious disease; among 13 patients, seven had only pulmonary TB, five had pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB, and one had only extrapulmonary TB. Oropharyngeal candidiasis was found in 11 patients. Other secondary infections were predominantly by virulent bacteria. Opportunistic infections other than candidiasis were infrequent; one patient had cryptococcosis, two had symptomatic cryptosporidiosis, one had noncoagulase-positive staphylococcus septicemia, and one had cytomegalovirus retinitis. Reduced lymphocyte counts (particularly of the CD4 subset), anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, and elevated liver enzyme levels were frequent laboratory findings. Six patients are under follow-up, two are lost to follow-up, and 11 have died. Lymphocyte counts less than 500/mm3 were only seen in those patients who subsequently died. Response to antituberculosis therapy was good in several patients. Thus, the clinical profile of Indian patients with AIDS is not different from the common picture of patients of low socioeconomic and poor hygienic standards; patients presented with TB, undernutrition, and multiple infections. Therefore, a large population of patients with AIDS in India will not be recognized unless they are tested for evidence of HIV infection.
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PMID:Clinical and laboratory profile of AIDS in India. 802 23

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (C-NS) are a frequent cause of bacteraemia in premature neonates. It is likely that the strains of C-NS causing bacterial sepsis in premature neonates have their origin on the patient's skin surface. We have studied the quantitative development of the skin microflora at eight sites on premature neonates. A swab wash method was used to sample and enumerate the cutaneous microflora of premature neonates admitted to an intensive care unit with respiratory distress syndrome. The numbers of bacteria present on the skin increased rapidly by 100-fold in the first week of life. The species of C-NS found on neonatal skin were similar to those found on adult skin. However, the bacterial population was 10(3) lower by comparison. There was considerable variation in numbers of bacteria and in the proportion resistant to antibiotics from day to day. There appeared to be no association between antibiotic usage and the proportion of isolates resistant to antibiotics, although the resident bacteria were in many cases resistant to a variety of antibiotics. C-NS were isolated from 92% of samples from which bacteria were isolated. Staphylococcus epidermidis was found at all sites and accounted for 82% of each colonial type of staphylococcus isolated. Other organisms isolated included Propionibacterium sp, alpha-haemolytic streptococci, aerobic spore-bearing bacilli, aerobic coryneforms, Candida albicans, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pityrosporum sp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. The results of this study suggest that the skin of premature neonates is colonised with antibiotic resistant C-NS during the first week of life and that the chance of contamination of an intravascular catheter at insertion increases during this period.
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PMID:Development of cutaneous microflora in premature neonates. 151 78

A review of 391 children in the first decade of life admitted to a surgical ward with soft tissue infections revealed predisposing factors in 38.4% of cases, mainly trauma and adjacent skin sepsis. Superficial abscess formation occurred in 90% of cases, muscle abscesses in 9.5%, and necrotizing fasciitis in less than 1%. The most frequent organism isolated was the staphylococcus aureus which was found in 52.8% of the available cultures. Coliform organisms were found in 14.6%, and haemolytic streptococci in just over 10%. A study of the culture and sensitivity profiles obtained made it possible to formulate a programme for the empirical treatment of soft tissue infections based on the region of the body involved.
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PMID:Soft tissue infection in children in south Trinidad. 156 92

We noticed coagulase positive staphylococcus is the most common pathogen in the neonatal sepsis in our neonatology unit. We followed 22 cases with neonatal sepsis. Blood cultures revealed coagulase staphylococcus in 9 cases, coagulase negative staphylococcus in 6 cases, Pseudomonas spp. in 5 cases, E. coli in 1 case, Klebsiella spp. in 1 case. The most common symptom was apnea. CRP positivity was noted in 15 cases (68.2%) while increase in immature/total neutrophil ratio was observed in 12 cases (54.5%). However, we detected leukopenia in 2 cases (9.1%). Also, the birthweight of the cases died due to neonatal sepsis were below 2000 gr.
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PMID:[Neonatal sepsis]. 176 91

During a 12-year period 419 patients were admitted because of acute renal failure requiring dialysis. Fifty (12%) had septicemia verified by blood culture. In a retrospective study age, sex, focus of infection, blood culture results, kidney function, mode of dialysis treatment, numbers and durations of complicating organ failures, presence of gastrointestinal bleeding, and secondary complicating events of septicemia were recorded for the purpose of establishing a prognostic index based on clinical criteria. Respiratory failure was present in 34 patients, circulatory failure in 31 patients, failure of coagulation system in 25 patients, and hepatic failure in 10 patients. Overall mortality was 46%. Highest death-rates were found during the first days of dialysis. In patients with multiple organ failures, in elderly and in patients suffering from staphylococcus aureus septicemia, a non-significant trend towards higher mortality was found. The mode of dialysis treatment did not influence patient survival. Our intention of establishing a prognostic index based on bedside clinical criteria has not been fulfilled. Even though mortality-rate increases in patients with acute renal failure complicated by failure of one or more vital organs, survival-rate in patients with four or more organ failures was 30%.
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PMID:Prognosis in septicemia complicated by acute renal failure requiring dialysis. 178 Jul 7


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