Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an attempt to identify risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus septicemia, 136 consecutive HIV-infected patients were investigated for the presence of nasopharyngeal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus and subsequent Staphylococcus aureus infection. Sixty of 136 (44.1%) HIV-infected patients had staphylococci which were detected in the nasopharynx on initial culture compared to 12 of 39 (30.8%) patients with chronic diseases and 11 of 47 (23.4%) healthy hospital staff. Another 12 HIV-infected subjects proved to be Staphylococcus aureus carriers on follow-up cultures. Patients with full-blown AIDS had a higher carriage rate compared to subjects who were only HIV-positive (p < 0.05), indicating that Staphylococcus aureus colonized patients were more severely ill. Eight patients with Staphylococcus aureus septicemia were observed, all of whom were carriers; no septicemia occurred in the non-colonized patients (p < 0.01). Colonized patients with neutropenia (< 1000/microliters) were significantly more likely to develop septicemia (p < 0.01). Nasopharyngeal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus and the presence of an indwelling catheter were established to be factors that help identify patients at risk of acquiring subsequent Staphylococcus aureus infection.
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PMID:Association between Staphylococcus aureus nasopharyngeal colonization and septicemia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. 129 67

We present two cases of ruptured mycotic aneurysms infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Each patient had hemoptysis and in each case there was hemothorax caused by a ruptured mycotic aneurysm of the celiac artery. In case 1, the pathogenesis was transient Staphylococcus aureus septicemia infecting an atherosclerotic plaque with subsequent aneurysm formation and rupture. In case 2, the septicemia arose from an infected knee. The presentation of a celiac artery aneurysm as hemoptysis and as the cause of hemothorax is rare.
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PMID:Fatal hemothorax from mycotic celiac artery aneurysm. 147 30

This study includes 140 episodes (138 cases) of Staphylococcus aureus septicemia, made up mostly of community-acquired, nonintravenous drug abuse (nonIVDA) cases. Unlike other series, injury wounds and skin or soft tissue infections were the most common sites of primary infection. In spite of a different patient population and lack of cases with tricuspid valvular endocarditis, the lungs were still the most common site of secondary infectious foci and most developed within two weeks of onset of the septicemia.
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PMID:Pulmonary manifestations of Staphylococcus aureus septicemia. 173 98

Among the surgical complications of intravenous drug addiction, pyogenic splenic abscess is considered to be a rare entity. A review of the literature reveals only 24 cases of splenic abscess secondary to this particular etiology. The authors report five patients with intravenous drug addiction who underwent splenectomy for pyogenic splenic abscess within 1 year. Fever and abdominal pain were the only constant physical signs. Three patients had associated infective endocarditis, and the other two patients sustained blunt trauma to the left side of the trunk weeks earlier. Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound were diagnostic in all five patients preoperatively, and they were complementary when combined. Four of the five patients had Staphylococcus aureus septicemia at the time of splenectomy. Three patients recovered from their operations, and the other two, both with endocarditis, died postoperatively from causes unrelated to splenic abscess and splenectomy. A high index of suspicion is warranted in this susceptible group of patients with vague abdominal signs and persistent sepsis to rule out splenic suppuration. The noninvasive imaging methods, CT scan and ultrasound, facilitate early diagnosis in these patients.
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PMID:Pyogenic splenic abscess in intravenous drug addiction. 357 50

Septicemia due to Staphylococcus aureus can be a difficult diagnosis to make early in its presentation. This report illustrates a case that mimicked fulminant Rocky Mountain spotted fever in a patient with no other medical problems that might predispose her to the development of staphylococcal sepsis. Epidemiology, cerebrospinal fluid characteristics, and early biopsy of skin lesions are emphasized as important factors leading to early diagnosis and definitive treatment.
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PMID:Staphylococcus aureus septicemia mimicking fulminant Rocky Mountain spotted fever. 367 67

Factors predictive of a fatal outcome were retrospectively studied in 248 patients admitted with Staphylococcus aureus septicemia during 1965-1982, 78 of whom had endocarditis. 77 patients were intravenous drug addicts and 47 of them had endocarditis. 48 patients (19.4%) died. The fatality rate in addicts and non-addicts from septicemia was 0% and 17.9% and from endocarditis 8.5% and 61.3%, respectively. After analyzing clinical and laboratory data available early in the course of the disease 4 risk factors were found both in septicemia and endocarditis: age greater than or equal to 60 yr, pre-existing cardiovascular disease, prior hospitalization within 30 days of onset of illness, and neurological symptoms and/or signs. In addition, in endocarditis a platelet count before therapy less than 100 X 10(9)/l and left-sided involvement were unfavourable prognostic factors.
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PMID:Unfavourable prognostic factors in Staphylococcus aureus septicemia and endocarditis. 402 35

We examined 76 patients suffering from Staphylococcus aureus septicemia, from 1976 to 1979, none of whom were drug addicts. In contrast to other studies, we found a significant incidence of S aureus endocarditis in patients with a demonstrable portal of entry, a relatively high incidence of metastatic foci in patients without endocarditis, and endocarditis possibly as frequent in patients with hospital-acquired infection as in those with community-acquired infection. These findings suggest caution in determining the length of therapy for S aureus septicemia based on clinical grounds alone.
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PMID:Endocarditis during Staphylococcus aureus septicemia in a population of non-drug addicts. 709 48

Forty-five episodes of Staphylococcus aureus septicemia occurred in 44 children with malignant neoplasms over a seven-year period. The frequent findings at diagnosis were fever, neutropenia, and an active malignant process. Twenty-six (58%) of 45 episodes had a primary focus of infection. Multiple-organism sepsis occurred four times; three episodes were fatal. Only one patient with single-organism S aureus sepsis died (a mortality of 2%). Direct infectious complications occurred in nine (20%) of 45 episodes. Endocarditis and osteomyelitis were not seen as complications of S aureus sepsis.
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PMID:Staphylococcus aureus sepsis in childhood malignancy. 741 7

We have previously demonstrated that staphylococcal enterotoxins contribute to arthritis and mortality during staphylococcal infection. To further explore the mechanism by which bacterial superantigens contribute to the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus septicemia, T-cell receptor V beta 3 transgenic (TGV beta 3) mice and nontransgenic (non-TG) littermates were inoculated intravenously with S. aureus AB-1, which produces large amounts of staphylococcal enterotoxin A, which specifically reacts with T-cell receptor V beta 3. Within 9 days after inoculation, 85% of the TGV beta mice died, compared with 31% of their non-TG littermates (P < 0.01). The high mortality of TGV beta 3 mice was accompanied by elevated bacterial burdens in the blood, spleen, and kidneys. The in vivo kinetics of cytokine mRNA expression was studied by an in situ hybridization technique. Staphylococcal infection gave rise to increased expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA and sparsely expressed tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-4, and IL-10 mRNAs in both groups. Gamma interferon mRNA expression increased on day 3 and was maintained at a detectable level in the late phase of infection in TGV beta 3 mice, in contrast to non-TG mice. Impressively, significantly higher expression of TNF-beta mRNA in TGV beta 3 mice was noted throughout the course of infection than in non-TG littermates. These findings suggest that overproduction of TNF-beta and gamma interferon, the Th1 cytokines, may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of septicemia caused by enterotoxin-secreting staphylococci.
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PMID:Overexpression of the T-cell receptor V beta 3 in transgenic mice increases mortality during infection by enterotoxin A-producing Staphylococcus aureus. 759 Oct 86

From January 1983 to December 1991, 94 cases of Staphylococcus aureus septicemia were identified at Matsue Red Cross Hospital and were evaluated. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococci aureus counted 49%. Seventy two percent of the patients were 60 years or over in age. Intravascular catheters were the most common foci (33%), respiratory infections in 25% and so on. Administration of antibiotics before isolation of Staphylococcus aureus were thought to be the most significant factor in producing the methicillin-resistant septicemia, used in 41% of MSSA and 91.3% of MRSA cases. Especially, the trend of unproper usage of the 3rd generation cephems derivative antibiotics had a major role in producing multi-drug resistant bacteria. No significance was seen in the clinical background, underlying diseases, primary site of infection in between the two groups of methicillin resistant and sensitive cases. Mortality due to septicemia was 47.9% in the MSSA group of patients, while it was much higher in cases of MRSA (73.9%). In conclusion, as the administration of antibiotics even in non-infectious episodes is common in daily clinical activities in some out-patient clinics, the indications should be restricted, in order to prevent the further MRSA infections.
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PMID:[A prospective study of septic episodes due to Staphylococcus aureus and the background of the patients]. 815 Nov 41


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