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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The lesions and etiologic agents associated with 13 outbreaks of respiratory disease in commercial chickens were investigated. Adenoviruses were isolated from tracheal and lung tissues of affected chickens in all 13 outbreaks. Escherichia coli was isolated from the lung of an occasional bird. The tracheal specimens were consistently negative for Bordetella avium, but E. coli and occasionally Staphylococcus aureus were isolated. There was also serological evidence in one outbreak, and pathological evidence in another, of a concurrent infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection of chickens affected with the disease. Gross and microscopic alterations in the tracheas and lungs of affected chickens were similar in all outbreaks and consisted of catarrhal tracheitis and occasionally multifocal pneumonia with mononuclear cell infiltrates. Hepatitis and splenitis with heterophil infiltrates occasionally were seen in birds with coliform septicemia. The tracheal and lung lesions in the present investigation were considered primarily of adenovirus etiology, complicated by secondary bacterial infection.
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PMID:Adenovirus infection associated with respiratory disease in commercial chickens. 282 79

A 10-week-old, black buck antelope calf, from the Mesker Park Zoo in Evansville, Indiana was found dead without observed signs of illness. Necropsy disclosed disseminated ecchymoses on the pericardium, diaphragm, intestines, and renal capsules and more extensive hemorrhage in the muscles of the hindquarters. There were numerous, 1 mm, pale foci on the capsular and cut surfaces of the liver and spleen which, on microscopic examination, were necrotic foci containing variable numbers of neutrophils and mononuclear leukocytes with numerous, short, Gram-positive, cocco-bacilli at the periphery. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from the liver. Septicemia is the most common form of listeriosis in non-domestic ruminants. Listeriosis should be suspected when unexpected deaths are accompanied by multifocal necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis, myocarditis, and disseminated hemorrhage.
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PMID:Listeriosis in an immature black buck antelope (Antilope cervicapra). 310 24

The clinical, pathomorphological and microbiological findings during meat inspection in 599 pigs with endocarditis at slaughter were studied. Clinical signs were observed in 41 per cent of the pigs on ante-mortem inspection. Lameness was the most common sign. However, this symptom is not very specific of endocarditis. This is also true of various other symptoms. Only dyspnoea and drowsiness were indicative of endocarditis to some extent, but occurred only sporadically. Extracardial lesions were observed in 66 per cent of the pigs with endocarditis on post-mortem inspection. Metastatic processes (infarction or inflammatory foci) were most frequently detected in the kidneys. These were highly specific of endocarditis. In addition, the following changes were observed in decreasing incidence: signs of sepsis (hyperplastic splenitis, petechiae and degradation of organs), inflammatory lesions of the joints and legs, metastatic pneumonia and inflammation of the tail. Bacteriological examination was positive in 62 per cent of the cases. Streptococci were the organisms most frequently isolated (36 per cent), followed by Corynebacterium pyogenes (19 per cent) and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (14 per cent). The discussion is concerned with the significance of these bacteria to meat-consumers.
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PMID:[Endocarditis and meat inspection in slaughtering pigs. 1. Clinical, pathological and microbiological aspects]. 368 3

Based on autopsy findings in 301 adults who had died after intensive care, different patterns of single or multiple organ damage were identified. Signs of septicemia and/or exudative-to-fibrosing alveolitis (EFA) of the lungs, the prominent cause of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), were recognized in 89 cases. Severe, progressive EFA, which appears to ensue mainly from continuing damage to alveolar walls, consequent fibroblast proliferation and so-called atelectatic induration (collapsed alveoli forming single thick septa), was registered only in individuals who had undergone long-term intensive care. The latter was necessitated in various severe conditions of which abdominal disease was the most important. Systemic disorders, such as hemorrhagic diathesis and multiple organ damage ("multiple organ failure"), showed a close correlation with septicemia. Infections with gram-negative bacteria appear to play a special role in such processes. Morphologically, these cases were characterized by multiple organ/system damage, e.g., in order of frequency, partial necrosis of renal proximal tubules, followed by signs of regeneration; jaundice; splenitis; lobular pneumonia; centrolobular-to-zonal liver necrosis, in part combined with cholestasis; petechial and/or extended hemorrhage; and others. This complex pattern contrasted strongly with findings in individuals who had been admitted to intensive care because of e.g. a cardiovascular incident: in this latter group (125 cases) intensive care was usually of short duration, progressive EFA was largely absent, signs of septicemia were exceptional, and multiple organ/system damage was rare. The group with polytraumatism (28 cases) exhibited a pattern of organ damage intermediate between (a) and (b).
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PMID:[Pathomorphologic findings following intensive therapy]. 372 1

Group B Beta Hemolytic streptococcal infection among newborn infants has recently grown in importance. The pathological changes in the early onset cases appear to be confined to the lung. In our patients, hyaline membranes with peripheral atelectasis was unusual, although fibrin deposited in areas without accompanying atelectasis may lead to confusion with hyaline membrane disease. The clinical features and pathologic changes caused by GBS had some differences from those due to other organisms giving rise to fatal pneumonia in the newborn. The lungs of GBS-infected babies in our autopsy series were not as heavy, had more alveolar fibrin deposition, but not more hyaline membrane disease than in nonstreptococcal cases. Alveolar inflammation was more marked in nonstreptococcal cases, but the GBS cases had more interstitial inflammation. Massive alveolar bacterial growth was more common in the GBS cases. Chronic thymic involution was less marked in the GBS cases, while acute splenitis was more common. Meningitis was present in four of our nonstreptococcal cases, but in none of the GBS cases. The clinical courses of GBS and nonstreptococcal fatal pneumonias differed. The mothers of infants with GBS infection were less febrile and ahd an increased frequency of prolonged rupture of the membranes, while the infants had a decreased duration of life, compared to those with nonstreptococcal sepsis.
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PMID:Group B beta hemolytic streptococcal sepsis in the newborn. 703 18

In the present work Hafnia alvei was isolated from laying hens displaying a reduction in egg production, loss of appetite, opisthotonus, and death. Multifocal necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis were the most prominent lesions. The organism was identified microbiologically. Laying hens were experimentally inoculated by the oral and intraperitoneal route to show the pathogenicity of the organism. A very similar clinicopathologic effect resulted from this trial. Several experimentally infected laying hens died due to septicemia. We conclude that H. alvei may cause a septicemia similar to that reportedly caused by Salmonella spp. in avian species.
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PMID:Septicemia associated with Hafnia alvei in laying hens. 935 25

We report a case of tularemia in a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) diagnosed by determination of the isolate's 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence. Pathological examination of the animal revealed a multifocal acute necrotizing hepatitis, interstitial nephritis, splenitis, and lymphangitis of the mandibular, retropharyngeal, and cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes. Moreover, multiple foci of acute necrosis were found in the epithelium of the jejunum and the interstitium of the lung. Bacteriological investigations revealed a septicemia. The isolated infectious agent was uncommon, not routinely diagnosed in our laboratory and therefore difficult to identify by conventional tools in a reasonable time and effort. thus, we decided to perform a genetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence. Thereby, an infection with Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, was unambiguously diagnosed. This shows the great advantage 16S rRNA gene sequencing has as a general identification approach for unusual or rare isolates.
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PMID:Tularemia in a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) diagnosed by 16S rRNA sequencing. 964 73

The patient was 63 year-old man. He had been diagnosed as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and treated until 4 month before his death with complete remission. The patient suddenly died 9 days after he complained of occipital headache. Autopsy and histopathologic findings were as follows: the left pleura was thick and calcificated with abscess, compatible with the findings of old tuberculosis complicated with bacterial infection. Furthermore, polynuclear leukocytes and gram-positive micro-organisms were accumulated in the lungs, and pyogenic meningitis, pyonephritis, splenitis were also found. Bacteologically, Streptococcus pneumoniae was detected from cadaver's blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Therefore, we concluded that the patient was died of septic shock caused by systemic infection of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The mortality of septic shock is high and in some patients, causative organisms may not be isolated. In the present case, although the original inflammation was left pleuritis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, correct clinical diagnosis was not made before death as the patient had lacked any complaints except for occipital headache. This case revealed that the cause of sudden death was sepsis induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae instead of a relapse of APL. This case also illustrated the importance of reviewing the previous history of a patient and doing postmortem bacteologic examination in a case of suspected sepsis.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of sudden death caused by untreated sepsis after complete remission of acute promyelocytic leukemia]. 1033 85

Splenitis can complicate blood-borne sepsis in hemodialysis patients. Symptoms include left upper quadrant pain and tenderness in addition to generalized systemic manifestation of infection. Clinical diagnosis is difficult and there is no specific investigation to confirm it. Computed tomography scan of the spleen can help in identifying a splenic abscess, rupture, or infarction. A splenectomy is the treatment of choice in splenic abscess, in splenitis to avoid spontaneous rupture, and in recurrent perisplenitis.
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PMID:Perisplenitis as a cause of acute abdomen: a case report. 1257

During August 2001, a syndrome characterized by acute lethargy and dyspnea was observed in a population of 45 lorikeets and lories in an open-air zoologic exhibit. The first death occurred on August 10, and within the next 12 days, nine more birds died (22% mortality rate). Hepatomegaly, reddening and congestion of the lungs, and injection of the serosal surface of the intestines were the common gross findings. Histologic changes, including fibrinonecrotic hepatitis and splenitis, bacterial emboli (liver, spleen, lung, kidney, proventriculus), pulmonary congestion and hemorrhage, and enteritis, were indicative of an acute, overwhelming bacterial septicemia. Salmonella typhimurium, with the same antibiogram, was isolated from four birds. Several birds had attacked and killed a snake on July 24, and Salmonella serogroup B (untypeable) was isolated from intestine and kidney samples of a garter snake caught in the open-air exhibit on August 28. Salmonella was also isolated from environmental samples of the exhibit but not from food preparation areas. After antimicrobial therapy, Salmonella spp. was not isolated from the surviving birds. The source of Salmonella in this outbreak remains unknown, but infection either directly or indirectly from snakes in the exhibit is possible. Contact between captive psittacine populations and reptiles should be avoided to prevent the risk of salmonellosis.
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PMID:Outbreak of salmonellosis in a zoologic collection of lorikeets and lories (Trichoglossus, Lorius, and Eos spp.). 1288 13


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