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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of perinatal infection that we believe is the first documented report of a congenital vesicular eruption due to Haemophilus influenzae type b and the second report of puerperal sepsis with this organism. A vesicular eruption was noted at birth on an infant delivered at 37 weeks following 34 hours' premature rupture of membranes. Gram-negative rods were seen on Gram stain of vesicular fluid, and H. influenzae type b grew on cultures of vesicular fluid. The mother sustained postpartum septicemia with the same organism. Amnionitis and funistis were demonstrated histologically. Results of all viral studies were negative. Infant and mother did well with antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:Congenital vesicular eruption caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b. 30 88

Sepsis and non-septic shock in pregnancy show characteristic modifications which are caused a) by physiologic changes in hemostasis primarily in the third trimester of pregnancy, b) by etiologic distinctions of shock regarded as pregnancy-specific, c) by hemodynamic changes in the circulation during pregnancy, d) by the ability of the healthy, young organism to compensate adequately. In the dead fetus syndrome and in non-septic shock, i.e., in amnionic fluid embolism and in abruptio placentae, the clinical picture is often governed by marked secundary fibrinolysis. Retroplacental hematoma, the characteristic feature of premature placental separation, remains controversial as either the cause or sequela of the hemostatic disorder. Etiologic, pathogenetic, and morphologic similarities exist between septic abortion, chorioamnionitis, and puerperal sepsis, but the varying response of the maternal organism during the course of pregnancy leads to different clinical and morphologic pictures. Due to a decrease in fibrinolytic activity as a consequence of pregnancy, the hypercoagulability state in a septic endotoxic shock predisposes the kidneys to bilateral renal cortical necrosis, principally in the amnion infection syndrome.
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PMID:Shock in pregnancy: pathophysiology and morphologic findings. 39 33

The course of intrauterine infections are illustrated and 5 maternal deaths reported. Early lung complications were predominant, described as shock lung or septic pneumonia. Renal complications or disseminated intravascular coagulation were absent or developed late. In contrast to gram negative sepsis there was a frequent association with premature rupture of the membranes, which indicates the danger of this event. On microbiology gram positive rods were found more frequently than a mixed flora. The morphology of intrauterine infection is similar to those of puerperal sepsis although the clinical course is quite different. This indicates a change in infectious pattern during the last centuries.
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PMID:[Intrauterine infections in pregnancy. The significance of premature rupture of the membranes and early lung complications]. 45 59

The development of antibody in response to invasive infection with type III strains of group B Streptococcus was studied in sera from 31 infants and 4 adults by means of a quantitative radioactive antigen-binding assay. Low concentrations of antibody were consistently found in the acute sera of patients who developed clinical illness. Although adults with puerperal sepsis and infants with bone or joint infection uniformly demonstrated significant rises in serum antibody concentration after recovery, much lower levels of antibody were detected in convalescent sera from infants recovering from meningitis or sepsis. The median antibody concentration in sera from 43 parturients with type III strains of group B Streptococcus isolated from vaginal cultures whose neonates failed to develop symptomatic disease was significantly greater than that in sera from 29 mothers of infants with invasive, type III, group B streptococcal infection. Study of paired maternal and cord sera demonstrated a significant correlation between the antibody concentration in a mother's serum and that in her neonate.
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PMID:Quantitative determination of antibody to capsular polysaccharide in infection with type III strains of group B Streptococcus. 85 69

A study was carried out to determine whether the preexisting decline in mortality rates from infectious diseases accelerated after the introduction of antibiotic and chemotherapeutic drugs. Linear regression curves showed that in Sweden mortality rates declined faster in septicemia, syphilis, and non-memingococcal meningitis after the introduction of these drugs. By contrast, for the ten other infectious diseases studied, (scarlet fever, erysipelas, acute rheumatic fever, puerperal sepsis, meningococcal infection, bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, and acute gastroenteritis) no such accelerated decline in mortality could be detected. The findings suggest that antibiotic and chemotherapeutic drugs have not had the dramatic effect of the mortality of infectious diseases popularly attributed to them.
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PMID:The effect of antibiotics on mortality from infectious diseases in Sweden and Finland. 100 14

Septicaemia still presents a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the clinician. Most cases are hospital-acquiredand the reasons for their increasing prevalence are discussed, with reference to predisposing factors and opportunistic infections. The pathology and bacteriology of proven cases (positive blood cultures) in 1974 in a modern children's and maternity hospital complex are presented. Gram-positive and Gram-negative varieties are compared and the molecular biology and mechansims of endo- and exotoxaemia described. Successful therapy demands correct choice of antibiotic and the development of shock requires skilled supportive measures. For the former a rational scheme is outlined and a plea is made for collection of data for this purpose. Polypharmacy is deprecated and either an aminoglycoside or a cephalosporin forms the mainstay of therapy. The emergence of Bacteroids sp. in cases of abdominal and puerperal sepsis necessitates addition of a lincomycin or metronidazole. Superinfection with systemic candidiasis requires 5-fluorocytosine.
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PMID:Septicaemia. 112 91

Acute renal failure developed in a young female having puerperal sepsis due to beta-haemolytic streptococci. The patient succumbed to her illness and an autopsy revealed extensive crescentic glomerulonephritis. The association between chronic visceral sepsis and glomerulonephritis is discussed.
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PMID:Crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with puerperal sepsis. 181 8

We describe two female patients presenting with spontaneous peritonitis and fulminant Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep. pyogenes) septicemia and shock. Both patients recovered completely upon immediate antibiotic therapy, initially with broad range combination therapy effective against Strep. pyogenes, which was switched to penicillin G when culture results became available. This isolated strain in case 1 was M-type 28, which is the M-type most often isolated from vaginal swabs (as commensal) and from blood from patients with puerperal sepsis. Patient 1 had signs and symptoms of a toxic shock-like syndrome, including rapid onset of fever and shock, skin rash, desquamation of palms and soles, and multisystem involvement with vomiting, diarrhea, myalgia, renal failure, and severe disorientation without focal neurological deficits.
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PMID:Fulminant group A streptococcal infections. Report of two cases. 219 45

The epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory aspects of group A streptococcal bacteremia were studied in 33 patients seen at two urban hospitals in the Tel Aviv (Israel) area, over an 8-year period. Most patients (two-thirds) were female. Clinically significant bacteremia was observed in 26 patients, two of whom acquired their infection (puerperal sepsis) during hospitalization. A portal of entry, mainly cutaneous, was recognized in 61% of the patients, and a chronic underlying condition was observed in 69%. The case-fatality rate was 27%, with death occurring predominantly in patients admitted with shock or cryptogenic bacteremia. Our clinical experience and literature review show that the presentation of group A streptococcal bacteremia is diverse, with transient bacteremia of uncertain clinical significance on one end of the spectrum and overwhelming sepsis on the other. A practical classification of the various clinical forms of group A streptococcal bacteremia is proposed.
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PMID:Varied presentations of sporadic group A streptococcal bacteremia: clinical experience and attempt at classification. 226 92

The pattern of acute renal failure in third-world countries is changing albeit at a slower pace compared to that in developed countries. Of the 1862 patients with acute renal failure requiring dialysis between 1965 and 1986 in a north Indian centre, 60, 15 and 25 per cent were related to medical, obstetrical and surgical conditions respectively. Among the medical patients, diarrhoeal diseases which caused 23 per cent of the total number of cases of acute renal failure in the period 1965 to 1974 caused only 10 per cent in 1981 to 1986. In the same period, acute renal failure due to sepsis and drugs increased while that due to copper sulphate poisoning and intravascular haemolysis showed a downward trend. Obstetrical acute renal failure declined from 22 per cent in 1965 to 1974 to 9 per cent during the period 1981 to 1986. This decline was chiefly due to a fall in cases of septic abortion, puerperal sepsis and postpartum haemorrhage. Surgical acute renal failure increased from 11 per cent during the period 1965 to 1974 to 31 per cent in the 1980s, predominantly due to an increase in patients with obstructive uropathy. Despite these favourable trends, the pattern of acute renal failure in the third world continues to be different from that in the developed countries.
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PMID:Changing trends in acute renal failure in third-world countries--Chandigarh study. 261 33


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