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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Necrotizing pneumonia and fatal septic shock were caused by Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive, community-acquired, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in a previously healthy, 61-y-old female. This patient did not belong to any high-risk group (e.g. homosexuals, military recruits, sports team members, etc.). CA-MRSA infection should be suspected in any adult with severe pneumonia/sepsis.
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PMID:Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes: a lethal cause of pneumonia in an adult immunocompetent patient. 1746 74

We report a case of fatal necrotizing pneumonia and sepsis caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in an otherwise well, 48-year-old Canadian man with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had travelled to Texas. Despite therapy that included intravenous antibiotics, intravenous immune globulin and other supportive measures, the patient succumbed to his illness. Recently, CA-MRSA pneumonia has been reported in several countries. The virulence of this organism may in part be related to its ability to produce toxins, such as Panton-Valentine leukocidin. As rates of CA-MRSA increase worldwide, physicians should be aware of the potential for MRSA to cause life-threatening infections in patients presenting to Canadian emergency departments (EDs). Necrotizing pneumonia caused by MRSA must be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute, severe respiratory illness. Early recognition of this syndrome in the ED may help physicians initiate appropriate antibiotic therapy in a timely manner.
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PMID:Necrotizing pneumonia and septic shock: suspecting CA-MRSA in patients presenting to Canadian emergency departments. 1762 97

Necrotizing pneumonia is a rare complication of community-acquired pneumonia associated with destruction of the lung tissue during the infection and rise of necrotic foci in consolidated areas. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Nocardia, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most common causative agents. Risk factors for developing necrotizing pneumonia include smoking, alcoholism, old age, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung diseases or liver disease. Diagnosis of necrotizing pneumonia requires supportive care, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and monitoring for sepsis and respiratory failure. Hemoptysis, abscess, empyema and gangrene are possible complications and surgical intervention may be required. The authors present a clinical case of pneumococcal necrotizing pneumonia in a patient without important risk factors and favourable progression with medical therapy. In this regard, a brief bibliographic review about this pathology is also made.
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PMID:[Necrotizing pneumonia - a rare complication]. 2288 49

Necrotizing pneumonia remains an uncommon complication of pneumonia in children, but its incidence is increasing. Pneumococcal infection is the predominant cause of severe necrotizing pneumonia in children, but methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) staphylococcal infections are also important. We present the case of a four-year-old girl,with an unremarkable medical history, who was admitted in our hospital with a history of high fever, productive cough and tachypnea lasting for 10 days, progressive worsening despite empirical oral antibiotic. Following physical examination, laboratory investigations and thoracic radiography, we established the diagnosis of left lower lobe pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion, acute respiratory failure and sepsis. Medical treatment with systemic antibiotics was initiated, but the evolution was unfavorable. Seriated chest X-rays and also high resolution computed tomography with contrast of the lung were performed, revealing the progression to extensive necrotizing pneumonia with multiple cystic lesions causing right mediastinal deflection. The parenteral broad spectrum antibiotic regimen was adjusted, still with unfavorable evolution, requiring surgical treatment (left inferior lobectomy and pleural draining). Postoperatively, recovery was uneventful. The patient was discharged with clinical and laboratory improvement of his condition, a repeated chest X-ray showing good expansion of upper left parenchyma.
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PMID:Evolutionary Particularities in a Case of Severe Pneumonia in Children - Case Report. 2986 42

Vertically transmitted sepsis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae has a low incidence, and vaginal colonization among pregnant women is exceptional. Necrotizing pneumonia is uncommon in immunocompetent term neonates, and the prognosis is uncertain. At present, systematic screening does not seem warranted in pregnant women. Therefore, aggressive treatment of neonates remains the best treatment.
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PMID:Streptococcus pneumoniae, an unusual cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis and necrotizing pneumonia. 3014 14

Pneumonia may be complicated by necrosis and destruction of lung tissue due to factors related to both pathogen and host as well as to their interactions. Lung necrosis may lead to two main entities sharing common features, but also several clinical and pathological differences: lung abscesses and necrotizing pneumonia. Necrotizing pneumonia is characterized by diffuse, possibly bilateral, lung parenchyma inflammation with multiple cavitations and necrosis. Necrotizing pneumonia is usually associated with severe sepsis and acute respiratory failure. Adequate antibiotics, mechanical ventilation, pleural drainage, and prolonged supportive care are mandatory. Adult patients with necrotizing pneumonia may require surgery. In our practice, indications for surgery are: (1) uncontrolled sepsis in spite of medical therapy and chest drainage; (2) major air leaks responsible for ventilation difficulties with serious hypoxemia/hypercapnia; and (3) hemodynamic disturbances by compression of vena cava and/or right heart cavities by tumor-like forms. Surgical treatment should be adapted to each case. Despite serious morbidity, massive parenchyma damage and prolonged hospitalization, long-term outcome following necrotizing pneumonia seems good when multidisciplinary care management is used in these patients with unusual but severe respiratory infectious disease.
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PMID:[Multidisciplinary approach of ventilated necrotizing pneumonia]. 3228 31

Necrotizing pneumonia is a severe complication of pneumonia, characterized by local destruction of lung tissue with development of multiple small cavities (abscesses) and may be associated with empyema. Empyema is an unusual complication in neonates with limited data reported. We present a healthy term neonate with late-onset sepsis caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia due to severe necrotizing pneumonia associated with advanced stage empyema. To the best of our knowledge this is the youngest reported patient with multifocal lung abscesses associated with stage 2 empyema treated successfully without surgical intervention.
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PMID:Severe necrotizing pneumonia complicated by empyema in a neonate. 3310 96