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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Emphysematous cystitis (EC), a rare form of cystitis, is often an incidental radiological finding but it can be associated with diffuse abdominal or suprapubic pain. The clinical course can vary from asymptomatic infection to fulminant sepsis. We present the case of a 79-year-old woman with diffuse abdominal pain, back pain accompanied with low-grade fevers, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, and emesis who was ultimately found to have emphysematous cystitis. A review of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment options follows.
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PMID:Emphysematous cystitis: a case report and literature review. 1577 63

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare complication of lower urinary tract infections. The disease is characterized by air within the bladder wall and lumen and commonly occurs in middle-aged diabetic women. Intramural bladder gas seen on imaging is pathognomonic for this condition. The severity of the illness varies widely from cases diagnosed incidentally to patients presenting with life-threatening sepsis. We report the case of an 80-year-old non-diabetic man presenting with emphysematous cystitis after a total colectomy for ulcerative colitis.
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PMID:Emphysematous cystitis in an elderly patient with ulcerative colitis. 1654 25

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare disease that is usually caused by aerobic bacteria. The clinical course can vary from asymptomatic cystitis to fulminant sepsis. We present a case of a 68-year-old man with emphysematous cystitis with sepsis where early diagnosis and conservative treatment led to a favorable outcome.
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PMID:Emphysematous cystitis and sepsis: a case report. 1857 Jul 22

Emphysematous cystitis is a relatively rare infectious condition of the urinary bladder. The mortality rate is high if the diagnosis is delayed or if the treatment is inadequate. We present an uncommon case of emphysematous cystitis and highlight the risk factors for this disease. An 81-year-old man with a past medical history of type 2 diabetes and a central pontine infarction presented to the Emergency Department due to gross hematuria. Computed tomography (CT) and plain radiography revealed localized gas within the bladder that was compatible with the diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis. A Foley catheter was inserted. Urine culture grew Klebsiella pneumoniae; 2 g cefotaxime daily was initiated. Subsequent plain radiography and CT scan showed regression of intraluminal gas. We recommend CT for the definitive diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis. Adequate antibiotic therapy, strict blood glucose control, adequate drainage of urine, and early goal-directed therapy for suspected sepsis are suggested to prevent the complications of emphysematous cystitis.
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PMID:Emphysematous cystitis: a rare cause of gross hematuria. 1899 14

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare disease of the bladder caused by gas-forming bacteria. Diabetics are the most commonly infected and the clinical picture ranges from dysuria to sepsis and peritonitis. The diagnosis is primarily radiological. Treatment ranges from catheterization and antibiotic treatment to prostatocystectomy. We report the case of a 74-year old male diabetic presenting who was found to have emphysematous cystitis with total necrotization of the bladder. To our knowledge this is the only reported case with a totally necrotized bladder in emphysematous cystitis.
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PMID:[Emphysematous cystitis with total necrotization of the bladder]. 1901 46

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare condition requiring immediate aggressive medical attention. Here, we describe a very unusual case of emphysematous cystitis seen on FDG PET/CT. This finding was discovered in an 84-year-old man undergoing FDG PET/CT to monitor a known diagnosis of IgG4-related nodular sclerosis. Images revealed gas within the bladder wall and an anterior gas-filled bladder diverticulum. The patient subsequently developed sepsis with cultures revealing Escherichia coli. This case highlights the importance of recognizing this finding on varied imaging modalities, as life-threatening complications may arise from this condition.
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PMID:Unusual case of emphysematous cystitis seen on FDG PET/CT. 2335 39

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a rare form of complicated urinary tract infection, its characteristic feature being gas within the bladder wall and lumen. Patients with EC present with variable clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe sepsis. EC is typically observed in elderly women with severe diabetes mellitus. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are often isolated from urine cultures. Imaging methods, such as plain conventional abdominal radiography and computed tomography, are pivotal for obtaining a definitive diagnosis of EC. Most cases can be treated with a combination of antibiotics, bladder drainage and glycemic control. EC is potentially life-threatening, with a mortality rate of 7%. Early medical intervention can contribute to achieving a favorable prognosis without the need for surgical intervention. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the clinical characteristics of EC.
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PMID:Emphysematous cystitis: a review of the literature. 2442 44

We report a 53 year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, presenting with progressive abdominal pain lasting three weeks, associated with lower abdominal swelling and fever. Clinical examination showed a large increase in abdominal volume, contraction of extracellular compartment, and signs of severe sepsis. Computed tomography showed an over-distended bladder with severe wall and luminal pneumatosis and bilateral hydronephrosis. The diagnosis was of emphysematous cystitis associated to hydronephrosis. Urine and blood cultures were positive for multi-susceptible Escherichia coli. Clinical evolution was favorable after 6 weeks of ceftriaxone and urinary catheter use. Emphysematous cystitis is a rare clinical entity, with an associated mortality of 7%. Known predisposing factors are older age, female gender and presence of diabetes. Microbiological agents most frequently involved are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (80% of cases). Medical treatment is preferred and is based on urinary tract decompression with a bladder catheter, and prolonged broad spectrum antimicrobial therapy.
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PMID:[Emphysematous cystitis: report of one case]. 2486 Nov 24

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a rare bladder infection characterized by the presence of gas in the wall or cavity of the bladder. Most patients with EC will present with the typical symptoms of cystitis (e.g. frequent micturition, urgent micturition and dysuria), but other signs include distension and pain in the lower abdomen, drum sounds on percussion and a large amount of gas in the bladder. There can also be other complications such as sepsis. However, it is usually characterized by the typical symptoms of infection combined with pneumatinuria, the passage of gas mixed with urine. The early stage of EC is mostly limited to the submucosa and the symptoms of infection can be mild. Some patients may have no obvious clinical symptoms. If the infection becomes severe, it may result in difficulty urinating and kidney dysfunction. Therefore, timely treatment of these rare bladder infections is essential. This current case report describes an 80-year-old female patient with severe EC complicated by significant bilateral ureteral dilatation, bilateral renal cortical atrophy and sepsis. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics and surgery. This report provides clinical data, test results and treatment experience that might be useful for clinicians that are involved in the treatment of EC.
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PMID:Severe emphysematous cystitis complicated with perforation, bilateral renal cortical atrophy and sepsis: a case report. 3272 40

Emphysematous cystitis is an uncommon form of complicated urinary tract infection mostly caused by Gram-negative organisms in elderly, debilitated or immune-compromised patients. It has a varied spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to generalised sepsis. Radiological investigations such as conventional abdominal radiography and computed tomography are quintessential for diagnosis. Treatment with culture-specific antibiotics forms the mainstay of management. We present the case of an elderly patient who presented with gastric carcinoma and, during his stay, developed an unexplained fever with rapid clinical deterioration. Emphysematous cystitis was diagnosed radiologically, and urinalysis revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae. Culture-specific antibiotics were started after obtaining the culture report, and despite early and aggressive management, the patient succumbed to generalised septicaemia. Although Emphysematous cystitis is known to have lower mortality compared to other gas-forming infections of the urinary tract, high degrees of clinical suspicion and early management are of paramount importance in obtaining a favourable outcome.
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PMID:Emphysematous cystitis - An uncommon yet fatal urinary tract infection. 3328 81


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