Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heroin addiction is associated with several severe and occasionally fatal renal complications. Acute renal failure consequent to rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria, when treated supportively, carries a good prognosis. Staphylococcal or other bacterial septicemia may in itself prove fatal and is associated with a proliferative immune complex, acute glomerulonephritis, which generally follows the course and prognosis of septicemia. The necrotizing angiitis reported in heroin addicts still is largely undefined. Focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis is the most common pathologic finding in the syndrome of heroin-associated nephropathy (HAN). Typically, HAN presents with massive proteinuria and progresses rapidly to renal failure. Presumptive evidence supports the premise that heroin or its vehicles elicits immunologically mediated renal damage. The antigen still is unidentified. Removing the antigenic challenge by stopping heroin injection apparently interdicts the progression of renal disease. Renal transplantation can be effectively accomplished in patients with HAN without early recurrence if patients discontinue the use of heroin.
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PMID:Renal consequences of narcotic abuse. 2 85

Necrotizing angiitis or vasculitis exhibits a wide clinical spectrum characterized by many different cutaneous manifestations. Diagnosis must be confirmed by histopathology. We studied in retrospect 25 patients whose conditions had been diagnosed by skin biopsy. Histologic examination revealed infiltration by polynuclear cells and fibrinoid necrosis of the walls of the blood vessels in the skin. The great variety of clinical manifestations and etiologies stands out in a review of the records of these patients. Necrotizing angiitis has been found associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia; administration of drugs, milliary tuberculosis, bacterial meningitis, rickettsiosis, staphylococcal sepsis, pharyngotonsillitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Necrotizing angiitis is a group of diseases with a great variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from benign to fatal. The various entities described to date have been more like different clinical forms of the same disease that distinct conditions. In cases of necrotizing angiitis caused by basically immunological mechanisms, the walls of the blood vessels may be impaired in varying diffuse degrees. The prognosis of the disease depends on the intensity of the inflammation and its repercussions on the parenchymas of different organs. The kidney is the most susceptible organ in this case. Treatment should be directed toward the avoidance of predisposing and etiologic factors, detection of the immunological reaction, requiring careful and individual attention in every case.
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PMID:[Necrotizing angiitis of small vessels. A clinical study of 25 patients with skin biopsy (author's transl)]. 3 57

A nineteen-month-old child presented with a febrile illness, skin rash, painful swelling of the joints, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Pseudomonas was cultured from the blood during life and, subsequently, at autopsy. Autopsy revealed a generalized panarteritis involving the coronary, retroperitoneal and pulmonary arteries with thickening of arterial walls and narrowing of the lumina. Thrombi and foci of necrosis and infarcts were found in many organs. Numerous bacilli were present in fresh lesions, but not in the organizing lesions. Periodic acid-Schiff-positive deposits were found in occasional macrophages, in walls of affected vessels, in the marginal sinuses of lymph nodes and diffusely in epicardial and retroperitoneal adipose tissue. The findings suggest that some or even all cases of Kawasaki's disease and infantile polyarteritis nodosa may be caused by Pseudomonas sepsis. It is also suggested that the vasculitis and paucity of inflammatory reaction in many cases of Pseudomonas sepsis might be related to the fact that many strains of Pseudomonas produce high-molecular-weight levan (or another polysaccharide). This compound is known to inhibit the inflammatory reaction and to increase bacterial pathogenicity.
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PMID:Kawasaki's disease and infantile polyarteritis nodosa: is Pseudomonas infection responsible? Report of a case. 3 42

Acute intrinsic renal failure occurred in an adult patient with Escherichia coli septicemia. The clinical course did not include any of the circumstances usually present when acute renal failure complicates Gram-negative sepsis. A renal biopsy showed acute proliferative glomerulonephritis. There was no evidence to support other known causes of acute parenchymal renal failure, such as poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, or vasculitis. The patient recovered completely with antibiotic therapy, and renal function returned to normal within two weeks. An immunologic mechanism involving E coli was considered responsible for the acute renal failure.
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PMID:Gram-negative sepsis with acute renal failure. Occurrence from acute glomerulonephritis. 33 Aug 92

The usefulness of the microscopic examination of the placenta, associated membranes, and umbilical cord was tested in a retrospective clinical review. Fifty-nine patients with inflammation were matched by sex, race, and gestation with 59 patients without inflammation. Blind review of the clinical course of these infants revealed five cases of culture-positive septicemia, 28 cases of probable sepsis, 39 cases of possible sepsis, and 46 normal infants. The clinical categorization was significantly correlated with the microscopic appearance of the placenta, membranes, and cord. Triple vessel vasculitis in the umbilical cord vessels and chorionic microabscesses were significantly related to the incidence of proven, probable, and possible clinical sepsis. The microscopic examination of the umbilical cord and placenta provides a useful, but not infallible, tool in the evaluation of sepsis in the newly born infant.
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PMID:Placental pathology compared with clinical outcome: a retrospective blind review. 56 19

Aeromonas hydrophila septicemia complicated by a generalized cutaneous vasculitis developed in a patient receiving home hemodialysis therapy. Because the Aeromonas organism is found in many natural water sources, the possibility that this patient's hemodialysis system became contaminated was explored. Although cultures from the patient's home environment showed no Aeromonas sp, the possibility still exists that the site of contamination was in the dialysis system.
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PMID:Aeromonas hydrophila sepsis in a patient undergoing hemodialysis therapy. 57 73

Two cases with different and not previously described fatal renal complications during treatment with penicillamine are reported. A man with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis with features of systemic lupus erythematosus was treated with penicillamine for six months and developed a mild membranous glomerulonephritis and a severe renal vasculitis leading to uremia and death. A woman with primary biliary cirrhosis was treated with penicillamine for nine months and developed a nephrotic syndrome, the renal biopsy showing minimal change glomerulonephritis. The nephrotic syndrome responded to prednisone but the patient died, probably from septicemia. Penicillamine may thus cause glomerular damage without deposition of immune complexes. A restricted use of the drug is recommended.
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PMID:Fatal renal vasculitis and minimal change glomerulonephritis complicating treatment with penicillamine. Report on two cases. 76 Apr 1

Of 35 newborn infants who died from an infection 19 had postmortem evidence of massive pulmonary hemorrhage. All but 1 of the 19 had evidence of antimortem formation of intravascular fibrin clots in lung tissue. Seventeen infants had low platelet counts. Of the 11 infants in whom coagulation studies were done, 8 had evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) during life. Vasculitis in the lungs, associated with fibrin clots and hemorrhages, was detected in two infants. It is postulated that sepsis is an important cause of hemorrhage in the newborn, probably as a result of the development of DIC.
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PMID:Massive pulmonary hemorrhage in neonatal infection. 76 37

Five female patients with benign gonococcal sepsis were seen during the second half of 1974. All cases presented the typical clinical triad of fever, arthralgias and characteristic skin lesions, the macroscopic and microscopic appearance of which could be best classified as superficial vasculitis. Skin biopsies were taken from 3 patients and the histopathological findings are discussed in detail. Genital symptoms were slight or absent, and only very few gonococci could be detected in stained smears from genital sites. However, Neisseria gonorrhoeae could be cultured without difficulty from the genitourinary tract in all cases, while cultures from blood and skin lesions were sterile. In fresh pustules gonococci could be demonstrated by immunofluorescence in 2 cases. The complement-fixation-test is regarded as a useful supplementary diagnostic procedure.
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PMID:[The so-called "benign gonoccocal sepsis"]. 77 19

In order to elucidate the pathogenesis of the skin lesions in 'benign gonococcal sepsis' direct immunofluorescence of an early macular lesion and routine histopathology of a mature papulopustular lesion in a patient with septic gonococcal dermatitis have been performed. Histopathology of the mature skin lesion revelaed a pattenr of 'allergic vasculitis'. Direct immunofluorescence showed exclusively deposits of C3 around and within the capillaries and in the basement membrane zone. No specific IgG, IgM, IgA or C4 deposits could be demonstrated. This, together with serological findings and reports from the literature, suggests an important pathogenetic function for complement, activated through the alternative pathway by means of gonococcal endotoxic lipopolysaccharide, in the pathogenesis of the skin lesions in benign gonococcal sepsis.
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PMID:Alternative pathway complement activation:a possible mechanism inducing skin lesions in benign gonococcal spesis. 78 66


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