Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A pathomorphological investigation of 115 lethal cases of various forms of meningococcal infection was carried out. Meningococcemia, its instantaneous forms in particular, are characterized by acute decompensation of the lymphoid system and generalized microangiopathy with the thrombohaemorrhagic syndrome. Haemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenals and damage of the hypophysis represented manifestations of the acute decompensation of the hormonal regulation. Inflammatory changes in meningococcemia were observed not in all the cases (they were absent in 1/4 of the deceased). In meningitis (meningoencephalitis) without sepsis no generalized angiopathy was noted, immunomorphological changes were of a proliferative character. Previous sensibilization of the macroorganism was an important prerequisite for the development of meningococcal infection.
 ...
PMID:[Vascular and immunological processes in the pathogenesis of meningococcal infection]. 12 76

Reported are 97 extensive amputations in 87 patients from 1975 to 1977. Postoperative early mortality was 47% and depended on the disease and the various factors that made amputation necessary. Amputations in chronic occlusive vascular disease without septicemia had a far lower mortality, 10%. Amputations in patients with septicemia resulted in a mortality of 90%. According to Burgess, amputations of the lower leg, exarticulation in the knee joint, and myeloplastic and open amputation of the thigh should be considered in that order. Exarticulation in the knee joint is only feasible in the presence of an open, deep, femoral artery.
 ...
PMID:[Amputation of the knee joint in vascular diseases]. 63 16

Over the past 50 years, maternal mortality for the pregnant diabetic has been reduced by half. In the period from 1957 to 1974, 24 pregnant diabetic women died in Los Angeles County. Seven deaths were directly attributed to the metabolic complications of diabetes. Fatal ketoacidosis occurred in the second and third trimesters, while hypoglycemia led to death in the first trimester or postpartum period. Of 15 patients alive at the onset of labor, 8 were delivered by cesarean section. Four of these women died from sepsis and 3 from hemorrhage. In contrast to other reports, vascular disease contributed to only 1 fatality.
 ...
PMID:Maternal mortality in diabetes mellitus: an 18-year survey. 82 86

Two cases of nonocclusive mesenteric vascular disease associated with stenosis of the superior mesenteric artery are described. In one patient with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation treated with digitalis, the first episode after a bout of sepsis was treated supportively, but a stricture of ileum secondary to full thickness intestinal infarction resulted. His second episode required emergency ileal resection for perforation. The superior mesenteric artery was subsequently reconstructed with an aortomesenteric bypass. The second patient had segmental intestinal necrosis occurring in association with superior mesenteric artery narrowing without total occlusion. These cases emphasize the importance of awareness of nonocclusive mesenteric vascular disease occurring in individuals with narrowing of the mesenteric arteries. A variety of modes of presentation are suggested. Arteriography is essential for diagnosis and, in selected cases, for therapy.
 ...
PMID:Surgical treatment of nonocclusive mesenteric infarction. 92 Aug 97

In conclusion, patients on chronic maintenance dialysis have an increased incidence of death from cardiovascular disease. Hypertension plays a major role, and these patients must be carefully monitored for complete control of blood pressure. Adequacy of ultrafiltration to maintain normal extracellular volume is an essential part of the dialytic treatment. Hypertensive patients should be screened for excessive renin secretion because of its possible role in unresponsive hypertension in patients on dialysis. Nephrectomy should be used when necessary, where dialysis and antihypertensive medication have not adequately controlled blood pressure. Patients must be monitored for the presence of pericardial disease to avoid subsequent pericardial effusion and the development of constrictive pericarditis with its adverse effect on myocardial function. When constrictive pericarditis is present, it obviously should be relieved by appropriate surgery. Efforts should be made to minimize cardiac output in hemodialysis patients. Whether or not routine transfusions to maintain a higher hematocrit are indicated is a question that cannot yet be answered. However, patients with marginal cardiovascular function who are accepted on hemodialysis and must have an arteriovenous shunt should be supported in any manner to minimize an increase in cardiac output. Early and aggressive treatment of known episodes of sepsis is important in the elimination of valvular endocarditis in this patient population. Perhaps one of the finer indicators of adequacy of hemodialysis will be K rate and peak immunoreactive insulin levels. Continued abnormality of these parameters may contribute to cardiovascular disease. Clearly, further study of the effect of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism on lipid metabolism is in order. Serum triglyceride, serum cholesterol and lipid electrophoretic pattern should be followed to evaluate the beneficial effects of drug therapy and changes in dialytic technique on the development of cardiovascular disease. Careful monitoring of calcium, phosphorus, bone films and parathyroid hormone levels is indicated to assess parathyroid status. The use of aluminum binders and parathyroidectomy to prevent vascular and myocardial calcification is important in the therapy of these patients. The use of cardiac catheterization, coronary artery arteriography, and possibly cardiac vascular repair, should be considered in the chronic hemodialysis patient with coronary artery disease if he is otherwise well. Adequacy of hemodialysis perhaps can be evaluated through its effect on all of the above parameters. Whether or not changes in artificial kidney treatments can correct the final vascular disease remains to be seen.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular disease in uremic patients on hemodialysis. 109 1

Significant progress has been made since the first successful human heart-lung transplantation (HLT) for pulmonary vascular disease performed in 1981. The refinement of surgical techniques, use of cyclosporin as the main immunosuppressant, technique of distant organ procurement to expand the donor organ pool, and improved diagnosis and management of pulmonary infection and rejection have all contributed to this accomplishment. This has inevitably coincided with the extension of this procedure to other groups of patients with end stage heart and lung disease. Initially, HLT was offered to patients with cardiac disease associated with pulmonary hypertension. Because of the success, consideration was given to transplantation for parenchymal pulmonary diseases, initially pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema, and then suppurative lung disease such as in cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the application of HLT to patients with CF lagged behind because of concern related to the risk of sepsis, the systemic nature of the disease, malnourishment, and fear of recurrence of the epithelial CF defect in the transplanted lungs.
 ...
PMID:Lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis. 145 9

Nonocclusive bowel infarction in nonabdominal trauma has been ascribed to periods of hypotension. However, to our knowledge only 17 cases have been reported, and hypotension was not always found. We studied the frequency and possible causes of intestinal infarction in all patients treated at our traumatologic intensive care unit from 1977 through 1986 (n = 2350). Intestinal infarction was diagnosed at the time of surgery or autopsy; patients with pre-existing vascular disease were excluded. We found 12 patients (incidence: 0.5%) of age 45 +/- 20 years (mean +/- SD). All had severe cerebral trauma [Head and Neck Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score: 4-5, admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score: 6.5 +/- 3.8]. Eight patients suffered from additional injuries. The Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 27 +/- 7. All patients received ventilator assistance continuously before the diagnosis of intestinal infarction or death. The leading symptom of intestinal infarction was sepsis and multiple organ failure with abdominal distention. Five patients with favorable cerebral prognosis underwent surgery: one survived with good cerebral and gastrointestinal recovery. Four patients did not have surgery because of a poor cerebral prognosis. Three patients died of their cerebral trauma before intestinal infarction was clinically manifested. The data show that early diagnosis in ventilated patients with head injuries is extremely difficult because of the heterogenicity of this group of patients, the low frequency of the complication, and the complexity of the clinical picture. Although patients inevitably were exposed to several agents or situations associated with intestinal infarction, the ubiquitous causes were dehydration and diuretic therapy.
 ...
PMID:Intestinal infarction after nonabdominal trauma; association with cerebral trauma. 147 30

Although systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) no longer has the very poor prognosis that it had 50 years ago, there remains a significant mortality. We were able to determine the causes of death in 27 of the 29 patients with SLE who died over the period 1985 to 1989. This represents one and five year mortality of six and 24% respectively. In common with other studies, sepsis was a major factor, being implicated in the deaths of 37% of our patients. However, sepsis (i) occurred almost exclusively in patients with active SLE; (ii) often occurred after prolonged hospitalisation; and (iii) was a terminal event in otherwise fatal SLE in several patients. Overall, active disease was determined to be a cause of death in 67% of the patients. An unexpected observation was the finding that active cardiopulmonary disease accounted for 37% of deaths. Although late mortality from degenerative vascular disease is being increasingly reported with the modern prolonged SLE survivorship, it was identified in only one patient. We conclude that active disease remains the most important factor in mortality in SLE.
 ...
PMID:Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus: active disease is the most important factor. 158 Aug 64

Patients with extensive lower extremity ulcerations initially thought to be vascular disease were subsequently proved to have pyoderma gangrenosum and malignant lymphoma. Both patients died of sepsis; one patient exhibited hypogammaglobulinemia involving immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgE; in the second patient, a polyclonal excess involving IgA and IgE was present.
 ...
PMID:Pyoderma gangrenosum with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma manifested as lower extremity ulcers--case reports. 204 99

The experience of surgeons in Africa with patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) suggests 5 trends: 1) an increased incidence of surgical sepsis--most commonly in the female genital tract, the pleural cavity, large joints, and the anorectal area--in HIV-infected patients; 2) an increase in surgical tuberculosis of spine, bone joints, lymph nodes, and the peritoneal cavity concomitant with an increased incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in high-incidence countries; 3) impaired healing of wounds, wound breakdown, and the development of skin lesions and ulcers; 4) tumors whose aggressiveness is accelerated by HIV infection; and 5) new pathologies such as nonspecific cystitis, chronic osteitis, and vascular disease. In many cases, HIV infection has not been identified until after hospital patients have demonstrated a rapid, progressive decline after routine surgery. To date, only 1 study has attempted to determine the extent to which HIV infection influences the outcome of surgery. Mortality in an intensive care unit at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, differed significantly between HIV-positive and seronegative patients only in terms of pneumonia; however, seropositive patients also have an elevated, albeit nonsignificant, risk of mortality from severe gynecologic sepsis.
 ...
PMID:Surgical pathology of HIV infection: lessons from Africa. 755 18


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>