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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five infants with pneumococcal sepsis presented with respiratory distress and clinical signs of infection in the first day of life. Although there was no apparent epidemiological relationship among the patients, four of the five were seen within a 12-month period. Pneumonia, prolonged rupture of fetal membranes, and prematurity were features in these patients. Three infants died, two within 12 hours of diagnosis. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from the vagina of three of the mothers; in two, the serotype was identical to that recovered from their infants. Clinical features of neonatal pneumococcal sepsis are similar to those of early-onset group B streptococcal infection. Like the group B Streptococcus, S. pneumoniae acquired from the maternal vagina is a potential life-threatening pathogen in the newborn period.
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PMID:Early-onset pneumococcal sepsis in newborn infants. 1 25

We have operated upon 588 patients with Klippel and Trenaunay syndrome. The underlying factor is a congenital malformation of the deep veins: agenesis, atresia or compression by fibrovascular bands of the popliteal, femoral or iliac veins. Of these 588 patients, 6 children between 15 months and 4 years of age had severe rectal bleeding and hematuria. One of these children died from massive bleeding of the rectum with septicemia. Another boy was saved by rectal resection and the last one by subtotal cystectomy. The important venogram shows an absence of the anterior venous pathway (superficial femoral vein) compensated by the abnormal development of 2 venous groups, the vein of the sciatic nerve and large veins along the external aspect of the inferior limb. These 2 venous groups penetrate into the pelvis by the sciatic and gluteal notches and terminate in the internal iliac vein which becomes enormous and has a very high flow. This overflow hinders drainage of the venous collateral from the rectum, the bladder and the vagina. The retro adductor vein, prolongated by the deep femoral vein, represents an anastomosis between the sciatic nerve vein and the common femoral vein. The surgeon must try to widen this pathway.
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PMID:Hematuria and rectal bleeding in the child with Klippel and Trenaunay syndrome. 17 78

Oxygen-sensitive anaerobic bacteria comprise the largest group of organisms among the human endogenous microflora. The oral cavity, vagina and colon are the areas where obligate anaerobes are predominant and can be isolated in very high numbers. Sepsis following surgery of any of these organs is frequently due to the escape of endogenous bacteria during the course of the operative procedure. To isolate and successfully identify most of these anaerobic microorganisms from clinical exudate, special collection and bacteriologic techniques are necessary. The acceptable anaerobic collection techniques mentioned above minimize exposure of the clinical specimen to atmospheric oxygen during collection and transfer. Clinical clues indicating anaerobic sepsis include a putrid odor of the exudate and evidence of abscess, necrosis or associated gas formation. The importance and value of the Gram stain in early identification of surgical sepsis is stressed. Treatment of infectious complications includes surgical drainage and specific antibiotics.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of anaerobic infections in the surgical patient. 76 29

A discussion of postoperative infections in obstetrics and gynecology has been presented with particular emphasis on soft tissue infections involving the operative site. It has been emphasized that the offending organisms are those normally found in the vagina and cervix and that mixed infections are common. The immediate life threats to the patient are endotoxin shock and clostridial sepsis; therefore, initial therapy should include coverage for those organisms. Because of the potential toxicity of clindamycin and chloramphenicol, as well as the usual protracted course of Bacteroides infections, the addition of one of these drugs can generally be deferred until its use is dictated by microbiologic data or a failure of clinical response. Persistent fever generally indicates a lack of the appropriate antibiotic, an undrained collection of pus, or concomitant pelvic thrombophlebitis, the latter being a special concern with anaerobic infections. Specific infections and their management have also been discussed as have urinary tract and pulmonary infections and drug fever.
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PMID:Management of postoperative infections in obstetrics and gynecology. 76 29

A group B streptococcus recovered from a blood specimen from a neonate with sepsis was used to evaluate the use of mice for studies characterizing the hematogenous virulence and the asymptomatic mucosal colonization of the vagina or of the respiratory tract by these bacteria. When injected intravenously, the 50% lethal dose for mice was 10(6); however, as few as 10(2) organisms produced septic deaths. In mice undergoing water diuresis, bacteriuria and pyelonephritis were not produced after direct bladder inoculation of the streptococci. Asymptomatic vaginal colonizations that persisted for 12 days were produced in both pregnant and virgin mice. Vaginal colonization before delivery did not result in transmission of infection to litters or in protection against subsequent oropharyngeal colonization in the suckling mice. In mice born of nonexposed mothers, oropharyngeal colonization was produced in both suckling and 3-week-old weaned mice. Whereas infection persisted for 14 days in all suckling mice, clearance occurred in over 50% of the weaned mice by day 14. The use of mice for studies on the virulence of the group B streptococci as well as for studies on the pathogenesis of disease by virulent strains is discussed.
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PMID:Experimental group B streptococcal infections in mice: hematogenous virulence and mucosal colonization. 77 31

Oxygen-sensitive anaerobic bacteria comprise the largest group of organisms among the human endogenous microflora. The oral cavity, the vagina and the colon are areas where the obligate anaerobes are predominant and can be isolated in high numbers. Clinical clues that indicate anaerobic sepsis include a putrid odor of the exudate and evidence of abscess, necrosis or associated gas formation. A Gram stain is highly valuable in early identification. Surgical drainage and appropriate antibiotics are essential.
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PMID:Anaerobic Infections. 79 Sep 28

A retrospective study of sixteen patients with pelvic fractures compounded through the perineum, rectum, or vagina showed a mortality of 50 per cent. The cause of death in seven of the eight patients was sepsis and multisystem failure. The initial surgical management of these patients must include complete diversion of the fecal stream so that pelvic and systemic sepsis may be prevented.
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PMID:Compound fractures of the pelvis. 95 56

Oxygen-sensitive anaerobic bacteria comprise the largest group of organisms among the human endogenous microflora. The oral cavity, the vagina, and the colon are the areas of the human body where the obligate anaerobes are predominant and can be isolated in very high numbers. Sepsis following surgery of any of these organs is frequently due to the escape of these endogenous bacteria during the course of the operative procedure. To enable the isolation and successful identification of most of these anaerobic microorganisms from clinical exudate, special collection and bacteriologic techniques are necessary. The acceptable anaerobic collection techniques have been reviewed in this paper. All of these techniques minimize the exposure of the clinical specimen to atmospheric oxygen during collection and transfer. The modern equipment used in sophisticated anaerobic bacteriologic workup has been discussed. Clinical clues that indicate anaerobic sepsis include a putrid odor of the exudate and evidence of abscess, necrosis, or associated gas formation. The importance and value of the gram-stain in the early identification of surgical sepsis has been stressed.
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PMID:Modern approach to the diagnosis of anaerobic surgical sepsis. 109 Oct 11

The recent report of 209 cases of septic spontaneous abortion and 11 maternal deaths in the United States in women using the Dalkon Shield intrauterine device (IUD) raised the question about a possible causal relationship between the IUD and pelvic sepsis. It is essential to determine whether or not this sipsis is unique to the Dalkon Shield or generic to all types of IUDs. Our studies permit the conclusion that the tail of the Dalkon Shield is structurally and functionally different from the tails of the four other IUDs tested. The unique characteristics of the Dalkon tail theoretically could provide a mechanism whereby pathogenic bacteria from the vagina enter the uterine cavity and cause sepsis.
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PMID:The Dalkon Shield controversy. Structural and bacteriological studies of IUD tails. 117 60

In a 4-year study, 22 strains of group-F streptococci were isolated from children and puerperal women. All were isolated in mixed culture but were associated with sepsis or other pathological conditions. It appears that this organism may be an opportunistic pathogen and that its habitats include the gastrointestinal tract and the vagina as well as the throat.
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PMID:Observations on group-F streptococci from human sources. 117 91


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