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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Congenital tuberculosis is a rare disease of variable incidence in accordance with prevalence of the disease in the general population. We report a case in a neonate born prematurely, whose mother presented with miliary tuberculosis diagnosed in the puerperal period. The newborn had no contact with his mother after delivery, neither with other infected people. The clinical picture consisted mainly in signs and symptoms of septicaemia of gradual onset. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from gastric fluids and the response to specific treatment, was excellent. Although congenital tuberculosis is a rare disease, is should be suspected in any neonate developing signs and symptoms of sepsis of unknown etiology. The importance of an early diagnosis and treatment is stressed in order to improve neonatal survival.
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PMID:[Congenital tuberculosis]. 248 25

Three cases are reported of cholestatic hepatitis occurring during treatment with rifampicin for staphylococcal septicemia (2) and tuberculosis (1). There was no previous history of hepatic affection. The administration of rifampicin caused cholestasis alone. No immunoallergic phenomenon has been shown.
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PMID:[Jaundice caused by rifampicin: 3 cases]. 248 82

Over a 9 year period (1354-1362), 139, 436 children were admitted to Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Kabul. Of these, 51,212 (46.8%) children were hospitalized with preventable diseases. 74% of the patients were under age 5. Among the infectious diseases, gastroenteritis accounted for nearly 70% of the admissions. Tuberculosis, measles, diphtheria, and typhoid fever were other common infectious diseases. Malnutrition of varying degree was the core problem among the hospitalized children and was seen in nearly 2/3 of the admissions. 20% of them had severe protein energy malnutrition which contributed to higher mortality. Gastroenteritis contributed /2 (51.5%) of the mortality numbers. Septicemia, tetanus neonatorum, and central nervous system infections were associated with high mortality, especially among the neonates. Deaths following 6 target preventable diseases accounted for nearly 1/4 of the deaths (20.4-24.6%) over this period.
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PMID:Pattern of preventable diseases in Afghanistan: suggestions to reduce the morbidity and mortality at IGICH. 251 Nov 41

To focus attention on the problem of infant mortality in Lebanon, data were compiled on infant mortality from 1978 to 1986 at the American University of Beirut Medical Center. Causes of death are analyzed for 602 males and 398 females. 54.9% deaths occurred at 1 month of age and 77.4% died within the 1st year. Autopsies were performed on .7%. 37.7% of all neonatal deaths were due to neonatal diseases such as hyaline membrane disease, asphyxia neonatorum, immaturity, necrotizing enterocolitis, hemorrhage, hemolysis, meconium aspiration, and kernicterus. Better prenatal care would reduce this group, or the administration of corticosteroids to the mother 24-48 hours prior to delivery, as well as rapid resuscitation at birth and prevention of the 5 curses: hypoxemia, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, hypotension, and acidosis. Although unavailable in Lebanon, administration of surfactants through an endotracheal tube would also help. Infections constitute 25.1% of deaths; many are preventable through adequate public health measures and strict personal hygiene, i.e., diseases such as sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, encephalitis, and 1-2 cases of the following: diphtheria, measles, peritonitis, tetanus, tuberculosis, cytomegalis inclusion, herpes, parathyphoid, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and shigellosis. Congenital diseases were 21.6%. In utero diagnosis could prevent some diseases and in utero treatment is possible for hydrocephalus and hydronephrosis. Screening programs postnatally could lead to treatment. 5.9% were malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, brain tumors, histocytosis, Wilm's tumor, Ewing sarcoma, and Hodgkin's disease. Early diagnosis is critical if mortality is to be reduced in this group, but medical advances are still needed. 2.9% are miscellaneous diseases such as poisoning, rheumatic diseases, marasmus, Reye's syndrome, nephrosis, rickets, and epilepsy. Most of these diseases are preventable, except for rheumatic inflammation of the heart. Recommended necessary steps to reduce infant mortality are: prenatal care, diagnosis and screening, intrauterine surgery; resuscitation and intensive care centers with modern equipment and trained personnel; national vaccination and screening programs; adequate public health measures and hygiene; parental education; and well-equipped hospitals to serve all regardless of income level.
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PMID:Pediatric mortality: an avoidable tragedy. 251 28

Although animal models of infection are associated with certain limitations in interpretation, properly performed studies provide important information for evaluating the efficacy of new antimicrobial agents in the treatment of human disease. The antibacterial efficacy of the newer quinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin, has undergone extensive evaluation in several animal models. Efficacy has been demonstrated in animal models of pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis, skin and soft-tissue infections, septic arthritis, burn wound sepsis, empyema, intra-abdominal abscess, osteomyelitis, prostatitis, sinusitis, urinary tract infection, chronic gastroenteritis, granuloma pouch infection, and Pseudomonas septicemia. More recent studies have evaluated the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of tuberculosis and syphilis, as well as in infections caused by the intracellular pathogens Salmonella typhimurium, Legionella pneumophila, and Listeria monocytogenes.
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PMID:An update on the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of infection. 258 79

A case of tuberculosis of the cervical spine with polyradiculopathy is described. The patient had musculo-skeletal symptoms for 2 years prior to developing a tuberculous pleural effusion. Magnetic resonance imaging in both sagittal and coronal planes accurately delineated the cervical lesion, demonstrating the value of this technique in the investigation of epidural sepsis in the neck.
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PMID:Tuberculous polyradiculopathy: the value of magnetic resonance imaging of the neck. 261 96

The post mortem findings in 200 autopsies were compared with the clinical diagnoses. Twenty diseases were analysed with respect to clinico-pathological correlation. In relation to the respective totals the diseases most frequently missed clinically were (false negative) pyelonephritis (100%), pulmonary embolus (87.50%) and bronchopneumonia (58.16%). In relation to the respective totals the clinical diagnoses less frequently confirmed (false positive) were tuberculosis (69.56%), paracoccidioidomycosis (57.14%), sepsis (53.13%) and Chagas' disease (44.44%). There was clinicopathological agreement in 97 autopsies (48.50%). In 19 cases (9.50%) if the diagnostic error had been detected during life this probably would have changes the prognosis. The findings are discussed in the light of previous studies. The importance of routine post-mortem examination and clinico-pathological correlation is stressed.
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PMID:[Anatomo-clinical diagnosis correlation. Retrospective assessment of the clinical diagnosis in necropsies]. 263 Nov 82

Thrombophlebitis is defined as thrombotic inflammation of a previously healthy superficial vein, varicophlebitis as that occurring in varicosities. The latter appears responsible for the majority of thrombotic venous occlusions. In contrast to venous thrombosis, the thrombotic involvement of deep veins, thrombophlebitis usually resolves without sequel and, in general, thrombophlebitis nor varicophlebitis are associated with the risk of pulmonary embolism. The clinical presentation of thrombophlebitis is that of a tender, hardened superficial vein which, in the presence of inflammation, may be very painful. The lower extremities are most frequently involved. Differential diagnostic considerations include bacterial cellulitis and lymphangitis. The cause of thrombophlebitis, which is rare without precipitating factors, may be a mechanical lesion such as kinking of the vein or trauma to the wall of the vein as well as other primary disease such as auto-immune afflictions, endangiitis obliterans or malignancy; in particular, with localization in the area of the rump, with concomitant occurrence in various regions or extending phlebitis, paraneoplastic syndromes and hemoblastoses should be ruled out. Rarely, phlebitis may be associated with tuberculosis and syphilis. Thrombophlebitis may be caused iatrogenically by improper application of chemical substances which cause damage to the venous walls as well as by indwelling catheters or cannulas. This form can progress to sepsis and pulmonary embolism may be incurred. Varicophlebitis, in contrast, accounts for about 90% of all cases of phlebitis and can be regarded as a typical late complication of varicosities in the superficial venous system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of thrombophlebitis and varicophlebitis]. 268 Aug 51

Between April 1986 and April 1989, each of 108 patients received an ileum neobladder, 94 patients for total bladder substitution after radical cysto-prostatectomy and 14 for augmentation of a fibrotic and contracted bladder following tuberculosis, interstitial cystitis or radiotherapy of the pelvis. The operative technique is standardized, relatively simple and safe, and it prevents upper urinary tract deterioration and reflux. Continence is preserved in more than 80% of all patients by the function of the external urethral sphincter and by the high capacity and the low internal pressure of the intestinal reservoir. Follow-up of more than 3 months postoperatively was possible in 96 patients, the evaluation including micturition behavior at home and a urodynamic investigation. Stress incontinence requiring correction by an artificial sphincter was found in 3 and nocturnal incontinence necessitating some external device in 6 patients. There was no perioperative mortality. Local tumor recurrence and/or metastases occurred in 14 patients; 7 patients died postoperatively, 5 owing to tumor progression, 1 of pneumonia and serve metabolic acidosis, and 1 owing to septicemia of unknown cause. Re-operation was necessary in 13 patients, in 6 because of mechanical ileus or intra-abdominal abscess, in 3 because of stenosis of the uretero-ileal anastomosis, in 1 because of tumor progression, in 1 because of vesico-vaginal fistula, in 1 patient because of incisional hernia, and in 1 because of wound dehiscence. Urethrotomy or dilatation of urethral strictures was necessary in 8 patients. All other early and late complications were rare and could be managed by conservative means.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[3 years' experience with the ileum neobladder--the first 108 patients]. 276 96

The possible infections of 43 hospitalized patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been assessed. Out of the 43 patients 17 had some type of infection (41%). The diagnosis was proven by positive cultures in 84% of the cases. Urinary infections due to E. coli were the infections most commonly found. Four infections due to staphylococcus, 2 to S. typhi and 2 to invasive Aspergillosis were also found. Tuberculosis was observed only in 2 patients. In twelve out of the 17 patients with infections, SLE was active and 10 of the latter had renal failure. In addition to the 18 urinary infections diagnosed, sepsis was encountered in 5 patients and pneumonias in 4. Only two infected patients died (those with invasive aspergillosis). Thus, infections are frequent in patients with SLE and precise diagnosis often requires positive culture test.
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PMID:[Infection in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 277 94


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