Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Drotreocogin alfa is a recombinant form of human activated protein C that has recently been found to reduce mortality significantly when used in patients with severe sepsis. Bleeding is reported to be the most common adverse effect associated with the use of this drug. Patients with sepsis on Ultra High Frequency Jet Ventilator may develop necrotizing tracheobronchitis and may be at an increased risk of bleeding when treated with drotreocogin alfa. We describe a patient with sepsis and respiratory failure on Ultra High Frequency Jet Ventilator, who was started on drotrecogin alfa, without the development of any significant bleeding.
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PMID:Use of activated protein C (drotrecogin alfa) in a patient with sepsis and respiratory failure on ultra high frequency jet ventilation. 1263 Jan 84

To determine the incidence and mortality rate of nosocomial Candida infections (NCI) with respect to associated risk factors in the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) patients. Data of 163 RICU patients were analyzed for NCI in 2006 retrospectively. Diagnosis of NCI; at least one Candida spp. was isolated in patients with severe sepsis, hospitalized > 1 day intensive care unit (ICU). NCI positive vs. NCI negative were compared with respect to invasive procedure, comorbidities, mortality. Risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression test. NCI positive in 26 (15.9%) patients were mean age: 65 +/- 15 years (female/male ratio: 8/18). Candida albicans/non-albicans ratio was 13/13. ICU stay was longer in NCI positive than NCI negative (48.2 +/- 7.5 days vs. 10.3 +/- 0.8 days; p< 0.001). Higher mortality rates were demonstrated in NCI positive (14.6% vs. 30.8%; p< 0.05). Risk factors for NCI were as follow: Invasive mechanical ventilations (IMV), central catheters and related infections, total parenteral nutrition, multiple antibiotics, ventilator associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) (p< 001 for all and, odd ratio: 95% CI: 6.27, 2.05-19.16; 28.3, 4.61-32.04; 10.93, 4.04-29.56; 2.12-88.98; 14.99, 5.6-40.08, respectively) and sepsis and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) (p< 0.01, 7.34, 1.66-32.35; 3.87, 1.42-10.52, respectively). Presence of catheters and related infections, IMV, multiple antibiotics use, parenteral nutrition, VAT, sepsis and VAP were founded as major risk factors for our patients with NCI. Because of longer ICU duration and higher mortality in NCI patients with treated antifungal drugs, risk factors must be evaluated carefully in the ICU.
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PMID:Mortality rates and risk factors associated with nosocomial Candida infection in a respiratory intensive care unit. 2051 27

Lower respiratory tract infections in mechanically ventilated patients are a frequent cause of antibiotic treatment in intensive-care units. These infections present as severe sepsis or septic shock with respiratory dysfunction in intubated patients. Purulent respiratory secretions are needed for diagnosis, but distinguishing between pneumonia and tracheobronchitis is not easy. Both presentations are associated with longlasting mechanical ventilation and extended intensive-care unit stay, providing a rationale for antibiotic treatment initiation. Differentiation of colonisers from true pathogens is difficult, and microbiological data show Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to be of great concern because of clinical outcomes and therapeutic challenges. Key management issues include identification of the pathogen, choice of initial empirical antibiotic, and decisions with regard to the resolution pattern.
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PMID:Respiratory infections in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. 2543 70

Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica is primarily a zoonotic pathogen, which is often found in upper respiratory tract of various domestic and wild animals. Human infections are rarely reported in immunocompromised patients and are associated with a wide spectrum of presentation ranging from mild cough, tracheobronchitis to sepsis and death. Here, we describe a case of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia that led to the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection. The diagnosis of B. bronchiseptica infection can be challenging, as there are no distinctive imaging features. This infection mimics Pneumocystis jiroveci infection and unless a detailed evaluation of an unusual presentation is done it may be missed, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. This case emphasizes the importance of a systematic detailed investigation of patients with unusual pneumonia presentations.
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PMID:Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia a thread in the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection. 3084 80


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