Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In parenteral drug abuse, cutaneous manifestations are very common. A variety of skin lesions are indicators of a possible drug addiction: obliteration of peripheral veins and hyperpigmentation of the overlying skin, punched-out scars due to subcutaneous injection, persistent edema following thrombophlebitis, and excoriations due to heroin pruritus. Infectious and non-infectious complications may be accompanied by typical skin alterations, such as ecthyma in sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multiple ulcers due to embolic infarct, or hypersensitivity reactions mediated by an immunological process. A variety of serious complications may develop at the injection sites: abscesses, gangrene, necrosis, or necrotizing fasciitis. These examples show that the dermatologist is in many ways involved in the care for addicted patients. In addition, these patients frequently suffer from sexually transmitted diseases or blood-borne infections; HIV-infection is rapidly spreading in this group. We now face new problems of differential diagnosis, especially since constitutional symptoms of HIV-infection may mimic symptoms of drug abuse and vice versa. Moreover, immunological alterations similar to those in HIV patients may even occur in drug addicts who are not infected with the virus.
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PMID:[Skin changes in drug-dependent patients]. 219 89

We have described a case of septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein after an anaerobic pharyngeal infection. This and other septic thrombophlebitides are a part of Lemierre's postanginal septicemia. Early diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are important to avoid sequelae.
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PMID:Lemierre's postanginal septicemia: internal jugular vein thrombosis related to pharyngeal infection. 259 32

Gynaecological infections range from vaginitis to septic shock. Postoperative infections are common sequelae of hysterectomy. Sexually transmitted infections start as vaginitis or rather as cervicitis. During pregnancy and delivery we find septic abortion, amnionitis, endometritis, wound infections, thrombophlebitis, sepsis, mastitis and urinary tract infections. In most infections cephalosporins are drugs of first choice because of their broad spectrum, their beta-lactamase stability and their lack of toxicity, which is especially important in pregnancy.
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PMID:Infections in gynaecology and obstetrics and cefotaxime. 261 36

We present 2 cases of the Lemierre syndrome (also called postanginal septicemia), along with 36 other cases from a review of recent literature. A review of the literature during the preantibiotic era is also included. This disease is caused by an acute oropharyngeal infection with secondary thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein complicated by multiple metastatic infection. The majority of cases are caused by anaerobic gram-negative organisms, most frequently Fusobacterium necrophorum. An enhanced computed tomographic scan of the neck is the technique of choice to demonstrate the thrombosis of the internal jugular vein. Prolonged intravenous administration of antimicrobial agents known to have a good antianaerobic coverage, along with drainage of purulent collections, will usually be successful in the overwhelming majority of patients.
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PMID:The Lemierre syndrome: suppurative thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein secondary to oropharyngeal infection. 2694 87

Mycoplasma hominis was recovered from the site of a septic thrombophlebitis on the left cephalic veins of a patient with pelvic and other multiple trauma. The organisms were initially isolated from routine cultures in conventional blood agar media incubated anaerobically. The absence of other demonstrable pathogens and the patient's serologic response to the isolate support the role of the organism as the cause of this previously unreported mycoplasmal infection. M. hominis should be considered a possible cause of sepsis in selected cases of infections following pelvic trauma or manipulations of the genitourinary tract.
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PMID:Mycoplasma hominis septic thrombophlebitis in a patient with multiple trauma: a case report and literature review. 266 16

Thrombophlebitis is defined as thrombotic inflammation of a previously healthy superficial vein, varicophlebitis as that occurring in varicosities. The latter appears responsible for the majority of thrombotic venous occlusions. In contrast to venous thrombosis, the thrombotic involvement of deep veins, thrombophlebitis usually resolves without sequel and, in general, thrombophlebitis nor varicophlebitis are associated with the risk of pulmonary embolism. The clinical presentation of thrombophlebitis is that of a tender, hardened superficial vein which, in the presence of inflammation, may be very painful. The lower extremities are most frequently involved. Differential diagnostic considerations include bacterial cellulitis and lymphangitis. The cause of thrombophlebitis, which is rare without precipitating factors, may be a mechanical lesion such as kinking of the vein or trauma to the wall of the vein as well as other primary disease such as auto-immune afflictions, endangiitis obliterans or malignancy; in particular, with localization in the area of the rump, with concomitant occurrence in various regions or extending phlebitis, paraneoplastic syndromes and hemoblastoses should be ruled out. Rarely, phlebitis may be associated with tuberculosis and syphilis. Thrombophlebitis may be caused iatrogenically by improper application of chemical substances which cause damage to the venous walls as well as by indwelling catheters or cannulas. This form can progress to sepsis and pulmonary embolism may be incurred. Varicophlebitis, in contrast, accounts for about 90% of all cases of phlebitis and can be regarded as a typical late complication of varicosities in the superficial venous system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of thrombophlebitis and varicophlebitis]. 268 Aug 51

Intravascular devices are widely used. If certain precautions are taken, catheter-related infections, and especially bacteremia, are infrequent. Special attention should be paid to the correct access (peripheral versus V. subclavia or V. jugularis interna), immediate stabilization of the position, the choice of dry dressings (transparent plastic dressings should be avoided on newly inserted or arterial catheters, as well as on damp wounds), and regular changing of peripheral lines. In the febrile patient with vascular access the infective source should be sought. If the insertion site shows signs of inflammation, or if septicemia occurs, catheters must be removed. In patients with peripheral suppurative thrombophlebitis, surgical excision of the vein must be considered. In contrast, in septic thrombophlebitis of a central vein, removal of the catheter and antibiotic and anticoagulation therapy may be sufficient.
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PMID:[Intravascular catheter: prevention and therapy of infection]. 271 96

Postanginal sepsis is a septicemia resulting from an antecedent pharyngitis that causes an internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis. Because of the severity of the disease and the difficulty in its diagnosis, familiarity with all aspects of the disease is essential. We present three cases and review the literature on postanginal sepsis. The clinical course of the disease is described and its evaluation and treatment are outlined.
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PMID:Postanginal sepsis. 272 92

Between January 1 1974 and October 31 1987, 98 patients with biopsy proven unresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas were treated with I-125 implants during laparotomy. Presenting symptoms were pain (57 patients), jaundice (45 patients), and weight loss (34 patients). All patients underwent laparotomy and surgical staging. Thirty patients had T1NoMo disease, 47 patients had T2-3NoMo disease, and 21 patients had significant regional lymph node involvement (T1-3N1Mo). The surgical procedure performed was biopsy only (16 patients), gastric bypass (36 patients), biliary bypass (49 patients), and partial or total pancreatectomy with incomplete resection (5 patients). The total activity and the number of seeds used were determined from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) nomogram. Stereoshift localization X ray films were taken 3-6 days after operation. The mean activity, minimal peripheral dose (MPD), and volume of the implants were 35 mCi, 13,660 cGy, and 53 cm3, respectively. In addition, 27 patients received postoperative external irradiation and 27 patients received chemotherapy. Postoperative complications were observed in 19 patients. These included post-operative death (1 patient), biliary fistula (4), intraabdominal abscess (4), GI bleeding (3), gastric or small bowel obstruction (6), sepsis (5), and deep vein thrombophlebitis (4). Pain relief was obtained in 37/57 patients (65%) presenting with pain. A multivariate analysis showed that four factors significantly affected survival: T stage, N stage, administration of chemotherapy, and more than 30% reduction in the size of the implant on follow-up films. The median survival for the entire group was 7 months. A subgroup of patients with T1No stage disease who received chemotherapy survived 18.5 months. The indications for I-125 seed implantation in unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas are discussed.
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PMID:Treatment of primary unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas with I-125 implantation. 280 54

Fungal infection of central venous catheters is well described. Peripheral fungal thrombophlebitis, however, has only been recognized recently, is thought rare, and is poorly characterized as to clinical presentation and treatment. We report the cases of eight patients with peripheral Candida thrombophlebitis. Patients were elderly and critically ill. All had received broad-spectrum antibiotics. Skin colonization appeared the source of contamination. Sepsis, shock, and organ failure were frequent. Physical findings of fungal phlebitis may be subtle, and diagnosis is often delayed. Multiple sites are frequently involved. Treatment necessitates radical excision of suspected veins and systemic antifungal chemotherapy. Persistent fungemia suggests inadequate phlebectomy or the existence of further affected veins. Peripheral thrombophlebitis is probably a common source of fungal sepsis and should be considered in all patients with fungemia. Without aggressive surgical intervention, survival is unlikely.
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PMID:Surgical management of fungal peripheral thrombophlebitis. 292 53


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