Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The value of selecting patients for antibiotic cover during biliary surgery by the use of immediate gram stains of bile was determined in a nonrandomized prospective study which compared two groups of patients. Group A consisted of 119 consecutive patients in whom antibiotics were administered during operation according to the results of immediate gram stains on bile. Group B included 101 patients, none of whom received antibiotics. In Group A gentamicin was given for gram-negative bacteria, ampicillin for gram-positive organisms, and no antibiotics were given if no bacteria were seen on the gram stain. In Group A the incidence of wound sepsis was 7 percent, compared with 22 percent in Group B (p less than 0.005). Septicemia occured in 2 percent of Group A, compared with 8 percent in Group B. It is concluded that immediate gram stains of bile will provide a means of selecting patients requiring antibiotic cover during biliary surgery; furthermore, this procedure is a practical way of reducing postoperative sepsis while avoiding unnecessary antibiotic administration.
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PMID:Selecting patients requiring antibiotics in biliary surgery by immediate gram stains of bile at operation. 6 64

Seventy-eight patients underwent palliative resections for adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum. The operative mortality was 6.4 per cent. The high morbidity rate of 43.5 per cent, mostly attributable to errors in operative technic and sepsis, could not be related to the extent of tumor spread. In fifty-nine patients long-term follow-up revealed a mean survival time of 12.4 months and a median of 9.1 months. Thirty-eight patients (64.4 per cent) survived six months, twenty patients (33.8 per cent) one year, seven patients two years, and one patient five years. Patients with only local extension of disease had the most favorable duration of survival. Hepatic or peritoneal involvement alone did not preclude long-term survival, but with the two combined the outlook was less favorable. There is a small group of patients with extensive metastatic disease who will not benefit from resection. Otherwise, adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum with local or distant metastases should be resected when feasible.
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PMID:Palliative resections in the treatment of primary colorectal cancer. 6 9

A phase II study utilizing 5-azacytidine in the treatment of patients with solid tumors was carried out by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG-7208). Of 214 patients entered in the study 191 were eligible and 167 were evaluable. While initially they received 225 mg/m2 iv on Days 1--5 every 3 weeks because of toxicity the dose was subsequently reduced to 175mg/m2 and later to 150 mg/m2. Five partial regressions, 2.6% of the eligible patients and 3% of the evaluable patients, lasting from 28 to 77 days were observed. Sixteen patients 8.4% of the eligible patients and 9.6% of the evaluable patients, had no significant change in their disease for 39--255 days. The major toxicities were myelosuppressive and gastrointestinal with 13 deaths attributable to drug toxicity: 11 due to sepsis and two due to cerebral hemorrhage. 5-Azacytidine induced few favorable responses; those that did occur usually were of poor quality and short duration and were associated with significant toxicity.
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PMID:Phase II study of 5-azacytidine in solid tumors. 6 93

In a group of 69 patients receiving levamisole the drug had to be discontinued in 15 (21-7%) because of intolerable but reversible side-effects including gastrointestinal upset, "flu-like" syndrome, central nervous system disturbances, and skin rash. Reversible agranulocytosis with life-threatening sepsis occurred in a patient receiving levamisole immunotherapy for colonic carcinoma. Neutrophils and platelets were both severely affected. Levamisole-dependent leucoagglutinins appeared with circulating immune complexes during the acute phase of the illness, suggesting an immune drug reaction.
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PMID:Complications of cancer immunotherapy with levamisole. 6 26

The prophylactic value of gentamicin combined with either lincomycin or metronidazole in 52 patients undergoing colorectal surgery was investigated. The results confirmed the value of this practice. In a control group, the sepsis-rate was 48% with 1 death attributable to sepsis, compared with a sepsis-rate of 4% in the treated group. The combination of gentamicin and lincomycin was effective against sepsis but pseudomembranous colitis developed in 2 of the 14 patients treated with this combination of drugs. Lincomycin was discontinued, and when metronidazole was substituted the results were equally good and there were no toxic side-effects.
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PMID:Prophylactic systemic antibiotics in colorectal surgery. 6 26

Insertion of one of three types of intrauterine contraceptive device--the Lem, copper 7, and 'Progestasert' system--was carried out in 274 obstetric patients. These devices were all inserted within 20 min of delivery of the placenta and membranes, with a special 25 cm inserter. The expulsion-rate was low (less than 7%), and there were no uterine perforations. There was no difference in puerperal morbidity between these patients and a matched control group, and no cases of pelvic sepsis developed.
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PMID:Immediate post-placental insertion of intrauterine contraceptive devices. 6 81

Purified polysaccharide from type III group B Streptococcus contains both a type III-specific determinant and another determinant that is common to strains of serotypes other than type III. The polysaccharide contains sialic acid, galactose, heptose, glucose, glucosamine, and mannose. Serum antibody to this antigen was measured by means of a radioactive antigen-binding assay. Sera from 36 (67.9%) of 53 women with healthy newoborns contained antibody, a prevalence significantly different from that in sera from 15 women (13.3%) whose neonates developed septicemia or meningitis due to type III group B Streptococcus. Complete concordance for presence or absence of anticapsular antibody in sera from 14 women at delivery and in their neonates' cord sera was demonstrated; this concordance indicates transplacental transfer of antibody. Sera from each of four adults with invasive infection who were studied during convalescence contained antibody to the capsular polysaccharide of type III group B Streptococcus. In contrast, antibody was absent from 10 infants who had recovered from bacteremia, septicemia, and/or meningitis due to type III group B Streptococcus.
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PMID:Immunological investigation of infants with septicemia or meningitis due to group B Streptococcus. 7 Apr 93

100 kidney transplants have been carried out on 91 patients (7 had 2 transplants and 2 had 3 transplants). 4 transplants were from living related donors and 96 from cadavers. 76 patients survive, all but one with functioning kidneys. The cumulative survival of patients was 82% at 2 years and 80-7% at 5 years. 8 patients died with functioning grafts, and 2 of the other deaths took place more than 3 months after removal of a rejected kidney and resumption of haemodialysis. There were no deaths from sepsis in the first 60 days after transplantation. The cumulative survival of all grafts was 82-1% at 2 and 5 years. The cumulative survival of first grafts was 82-5% at 2 and 5 years.
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PMID:One hundred kidney transplants in the Belfast city hospital. 7 61

The possibilities of antibacterial therapy in the clinics of burn diseases has at present decreased because of increasing microflora resistance to antibiotics. This phenomenon is one of the most often causes of antibacterial drug side effects in burn patients. For control of infections complications in burn patients which are most often lethal it is necessary to use biologically active subtance, such as prodigiozan and lysozime in addition to the directed antibiotic therapy. The use of specific antitoxic antistaphylococcal drugs, such as antistaphylococcal plasma and antistaphylococcal gamma-globulin in combination with the antibiotics of the direct action provided effective control of infectious complications and sepsis of staphylococcal genesis in burn patients. Decamine proved to be effective along with the usual use of nystatin in cases with dysbacteriosis as a result of the antibiotic side effects. In the patients treated with decamine the sings of candidosis disappeared by the 5th--7th day. Therefore, for decreasing the side effects of antibiotics in the clinics of burn patients it is expedient to use antibiotics in combination with the biologically active and immune preparations which increases the efficacy of antibiotic therapy, impfoves the treatment results and decreases the antibiotic side effects.
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PMID:[Side effects of antibiotics in patients with thermal burns]. 7 76

Eight patients with diuretic-resistant ascites due to cirrhosis were treated by reinfusion of concentrated ascitic fluid. In 11 procedures, with a mean duration of 21.9 hours, weight loss averaged 14.8 kg. Complications during reinfusion included septicemia in 1 procedure, left-sided heart failure in 5, pyrexia in 7 and coagulation abnormalities in 10. Ascites recurred within 2 months after reinfusion in all but one patient. Although this technique is an efficient and inexpensive method of treatment of ascites, it does not appear indicated in patients with cirrhosis and resistant ascites in view of the possibly serious complications associated with reinfusion and the poor long-term results.
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PMID:Treatment of resistant ascites by continuous ultrafiltration--reinfusion of ascitic fluid. 7 94


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