Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antibiotic sensitivities of 15302 organisms of common pathogenic species isolated in one hospital pathology department in 1971 and 1974 have been studied. Resistance to cephaloridine did not change materially. The proportion of strains resistant to ampicillin did, however, increase, and this is attributed to the widespread therapeutic use of the antibiotic. Cephaloridine, on the other hand, was largely used in the hospital as a single-dose, intra-incisional prophylactic against surgical wound sepsis.
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PMID:Changing patterns of bacterial resistance in relation to prophylactic use of cephaloridine and therapeutic use of ampicillin. 5 36

One of the dangers of topical therapy in thermal injuries is absorption of the therapeutic agent with subsequent metabolic and toxic complications. Two patients, one 30 years old with a 75% burn, the second 72 years old with a 35% burn, were treated topically with povidone-iodine ("Betadine", pH 2.43). In both patients severe metabolic acidosis developed which could not be attributed to sepsis, hypovolaemia, renal failure, diabetes, lactic acidaemia, &c. The acidosis associated with the 75% burn required large amounts of sodium bicarbonate to maintain pH at 7.35 and a serum-bicarbonate concentration of 15 mmol/l (meq/l); serum-iodine was 48000 mug/dl (normal 4-8.5mug/dl). Acidosis in the second patient was not as severe, and serum-iodine concentration reached 17600 mug/dl. The rate of urinary excretion of iodine was 50.8 +/- 7.4 mg/dl and seemed to be fixed. Haemodialysis was very effective in reducing serum-iodine concentration. Povidone was also systemically absorbed. The persistent acidosis could be caused by absorption of the iodine or the acidic povidone-iodine. Until the aetiology of the acidosis and renal damage is more clear, iodophors should not be used topically for burns greater than 20% of the body surface or in the presence of renal failure.
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PMID:Complications of povidone-iodine absorption in topically treated burn patients. 5 90

The radiographic changes of hyaline membrane disease were seen in seven of eight infants with group B beta-hemolytic streptococcal sepsis. Hyaline membranes were found throughout the lungs of all six infants who were examined after death. The most striking finding was the presence of group B streptococci within the membranes of five infants. Streptococci were so numerous in one instance that they comprised the bulk of the membrane. Another infant uas thought to have classical hyaline membrane disease until numerous group B streptococci were found within the membranes when lung sections were examined with special stains. No other organisms were identified within the membranes of any infant. These findings suggest that infection with group B streptococcus may cause a syndrome clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from hyaline membrane disease.
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PMID:Pulmonary changes in neonatal sepsis to group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus: relation of hyaline membrane disease. 5 96

A frequent and previously uncharacterised association of anorectal inflammatory disease in seven of twenty-two patients undergoing therapy for nonhaematological malignancy is described. Sepsis and secondary pulmonary infection were distant complications of the anorectal lesions. The degree of granulocytopenia induced by chemotherapy appears to be the major predisposing factor. Management includes early surgical intervention, and preventive measures specific for this patient population.
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PMID:Anorectal disease in patients with non-haematological malignancy. 5 10

Our experience with 18 patients undergoing pelvic exenteration for advanced primary or recurrent pelvic malignancies is presented. Only one postoperative death was noted, and morbidity was minimal despite the advanced age and high incidence of radiotherapy failures seen in our patients. Although no improvement in cure of malignancy has been seen in this small series, appreciable periods of symptom-free life have been achieved in patients who were previously incapacitated by extensive pelvic pain, fistulas, sepsis, hemorrhage and urinary-fecal incontinence. Because of the symptomatic palliation obtained in our experience, with minimal morbidity and mortality, we have developed a liberal attitude toward the use of pelvic exenteration in the management of selected patients with extensive pelvic malignancy, even when cure is not anticipated.
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PMID:New look at pelvic exenteration. 5 61

It has been traditional to exclude patients with radiation-recurrent carcinoma of the uterine cervix or other pelvic neoplasms, incapacitating pelvic pain, postirradiation fistulas, hemorrhage, or malodorous draining tumor necrosis from pelvic exenteration if cure of the malignant disease is not achievable. This negative attitude is a direct result of the reported high morbidity, prohibitive mortality, and low salvage rate previously associated with pelvic exenteration, the only acceptable surgical approach to these diseases. A recent experience with eighteen patients who underwent pelvic exenteration for advanced primary or recurrent carcinoma of the cervix, urinary bladder, or rectum has led us to challenge several traditional concepts regarding this operative procedure. We have observed but one operative death and our morbidity has been minimal. This may reflect our belief that an aggressive pelvic lymphadenectomy in those patients with direct visceral involvement from radiation-recurrent carcinoma of the pelvic viscera is not advantageous since no significant survival has ever been documented for patients with pathologic visceral involvement and positive lymph nodes. In addition, significant morbidity has always been associated directly with pelvic lymphadenectomy in the irradiated pelvis, and elimination of this phase of the operation in selected patients with radiation-recurrent carcinoma is indicated. Moreover, the considerable decrease in morbidity and the minimal mortality observed have led us to adopt a very liberal attitude toward preoperative selection criteria, and we regularly now use pelvic exenteration not only for cure but as intentional palliation in selected patients. We strongly believe that elimination of pain, fistulas, pelvic sepsis, hemorrhage, and malodorous areas of tumor necrosis are important for improving the quality of life for both the patient and family.
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PMID:Pelvic exenteration as palliation of malignant disease. 5 24

The clinical results obtained with fraction IgGAM are reported. Different types of antibody deficiency syndromes have successfully been treated : 8 cases of Bruton-type agammaglobulinemia. In one of these case a tenacious Pseudomonas infection cleared off during the treatment. Two cases of non sex-linked familial agammaglobulinemia. Three cases of isolated IgM deficiency. Five cases of isolated IgA deficiency. Five cases with Soothill type IgA deficiency associated with high IgE levels. Five cases of septicemia of the new-born. Three cases with acquired agammaglobulinemia and in the premature infant (5 cases). No side-effects nor appearance of anti-IgA antibodies have been observed.
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PMID:[The use of new immunoglobulin preparation, enriched in IgA and IgM (IgGAM)]. 5 7

According to cell cycle synchrony principles, bleomycin was infused for 48 hours, followed by a dose of either methotrexate or hydroxyurea after a 24-hour rest, in 36 adult patients with disseminated carcinoma. In this preliminary study, a 59% response rate was noted among patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck. Four of four patients with transitional cell carcinoma of bladder and one patient with hypernephroma also responded. No responses were noted among five patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the lung. The length of response ranged from 1 to 8 months (median, 2 months). Seventy-seven percent of the responders had extensive prior radiotherapy. The first patient treated had fatal sepsis with leukopenia, which prompted a widening of the treatment interval. Subsequently, toxicity was mainly mild or absent, the moderate or severe toxicity was primarily neutropenia, which was reversible. The use of low-dose bleomycin infusion is safe and may play a role in cancer therapy in combination with other agents specific for certain tumors. The length of infusion should be determined by the cell cycle of the tumor, if its potential synchronizing capabilities are to be exploited.
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PMID:Intravenous bleomycin infusion as a potential syncronizing agent in human disseminated malignancies: a preliminary report. 6 5

The factors important in host defense against group B streptococci are not well understood. The role of antibody and complement in the prevention of serious infection by these organisms is not known because, to date, a reliable measure of functional opsonic activity has not been developed. Recently, it has been shown that neutrophils produce a chemiluminescence after ingestion of particulate matter, and that this event can be detected and quantitated in a liquid scintillation system. We have adapted the chemiluminescence procedure to examine rabbit hyperimmune and human serum for the presence of group B streptococcal opsonins. Group B streptococci of types Ia, II, and III that were opsonized in homologous but not heterologous type serum produced a peak in chemiluminescence when added to normal human neutrophils. Such activity was correlated, in each instance, with ingestion of bacteria by neutrophils and deposition of immunoglobulin and C3 on the bacterial surface as detected by indirect immunofluorescence. With this assay, we have examined sera from colonized and diseased patients for the presence of opsonins to types Ia, II, and III group B streptococci. Maternal sera often contained type-specific opsonins which resided in the IgG fraction and which crossed the placenta to appear in paired cord specimens. 63% of patients colonized with group B streptococci had serum opsonins to their colonizing type of organism. In contrast, none of the 15 patients with sepsis or meningitis had opsonins directed against their infecting strain. These data suggest that the lack of type-specific opsonins to group B streptococci may be one of the important factors in determining host susceptibility to systemic infection with strains of this group.
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PMID:Assessment of group B streptococcal opsonins in human and rabbit serum by neutrophil chemiluminescence. 6 61

Indices of nutritional state were measured in 105 surgical patients. The indices were chosen to give information on protein-calorie malnutrition, anaemia, vitamin deficiency. Abnormal values for the various indices were common in the group as a whole and most frequent (50%) in patients who were still in hospital more than a week after major surgery. These patients had a high frequency of anaemia, vitamin deficiency, weight-loss, loss of arm-muscle bulk, and low plasma levels of transferrin and albumin. These abnormalities had gone almost entirely unrecognised, even in patients with sepsis after major surgery, who would benefit from improvement in nutritional state.
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PMID:Malnutrition in surgical patients. An unrecognised problem. 6 85


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