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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The triennial Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in England and Wales report 235 maternal deaths directly due to pregnancy or childbirth in 1973-75. The inquiry covers 94% of maternal deaths, and the figure is 4 times lower than the 1950s report. 37 deaths were attributed to obstetric anesthesia, some of which could have been prevented if the practising house officer had been more knowledgeable. Amniotic fluid deaths numbered 15 and were largely unpreventable. While maternal mortality rates have declined, amniotic fluid embolisms have remained steady since the 1960s. From 1973-75 the causes of death were as follows: hypertensive disease of pregnancy, 47; pulmonary embolism, 61; abortion, 81; sepsis, 70; ectopic pregnancy, 34; uterine hemorrhage, 27.
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PMID:George Stroh. 9 Mar 22

A 10-year analysis of 113 cases of staphylococcal endocarditis seen in two Washington, D.C., hospitals is presented. 96% of the cases occurred in parenteral drug addicts, but 4% complicated septicemia from known foci of infection. Coagulase positive staphylococcus was responsible for 97% of the infection, and the rest were caused by coagulase negative staphyloccus. Except in four patients with previously known cardiac murmurs, infection occurred on normal valves in these patients. Infection was isolated to the tricuspid valve in 71%, to the mitral valve in 6% and to the aortic valve in 3.5% of our cases; and more than one cardiac valve was affected in the remaining patients. All patients were treated with antibiotics based on bacterial sensitivity testing. The mortality from isolated tricuspid endocarditis was 5%, from isolated mitral endocarditis 33%, and from isolated aortic valve endocarditis 100%. The overall mortality was 18%. The better prognosis documented for acute tricuspid endocarditis is related to the much less severe haemodynamic consequences of acute tricuspid regurgitation, and the probably milder consequences of septic pulmonary embolism compared with coronary or cerebral embolism.
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PMID:Staphylococcal endocarditis: clinical observations on 113 patients. 9 45

39 instances of mural thrombosis of the right side of the heart were observed among 2000 cases of post-mortem examinations. The right atrium was the most frequent site of thrombosis; the right ventricle was involved in 8 cases. The relationships between right sided thrombosis and rhythm disturbances, myocardial or valvular disease, myocardial infarction, pulmonary disease, neoplasm, sepsis and disturbance of coagulation are discussed. The high incidence of pulmonary embolism and their relationship with thrombosis of the right side of the heart are emphasized.
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PMID:[Mural thromboses of the right heart. Clinico-pathological study]. 31 49

Complications are the major causes of illness and death after burning and most of them stem from the burn wound. Their origin and importance are reviewed with emphasis on problems and growing points in knowledge. Fluid leakage from the circulation into the burn is the cause of hypovolemic shock, but the underlying permeability changes in the burn are only partly understood. Other nonbacterial complications include acute cardiac failure, acute anemia, hemolytic jaundice, renal failure, encephalopathy, complex hypermetabolic effects including pseudodiabetes, gastric and duodenal ulceration, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, pulmonary and glomerular microthrombosis, hepatic jaundice, and arterial thrombosis. Involvement of the airway in conflagrations carries special hazards like glottic edema and inhalation of irritant fumes. Nowadays, bacterial causes are dominant and these remain the main challenge. Bacterial infection and invasion of the burn are usually responsible for septicemia, bronchopneumonia, and pyelonephritis although other sources also contribute. Indirect manifestations of septicemia include paralytic ileus, acute gastric dilatation, toxic myocarditis, and some cases of renal failure. Therapeutic complications like agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and colitis occur at times. High concentrations of oxygen given therapeutically can produce fatal aseptic hypoxic pneumonitis.
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PMID:A review of the complications of burns, their origin and importance for illness and death. 44 73

The maternal deaths occurring in the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC), which serves as a supraregional reference hospital for the 5 regions of Northern and Central Tanzania, are reviewed for the 1971-1977 period and avoidable factors are discussed. All deaths occurring within the hospital during pregnancy or the first 6 weeks of the puerperium were included in this survey. Postmortem examination was performed in 35% of the cases. In the remaining cases the diagnosis was made on clinical grounds. During the period under review, there were 10 deaths among 83 cases, a mortality of 12%. The major cause of rupture was obstructed labor associated with a contracted pelvis or abnormal lie. 25% of the patients had had a previous cesarean section scar give way. 2 other deaths were attributed to anesthetic accidents and 1 was probably due to pulmonary embolism. The primary cause of death in the 7 remaining cases was hemorrhage (4) and sepsis (3). If deaths from ruptured uterus are to be avoided, early diagnosis is essential. 1044 cases of moderate and severe EPH gestosis (preeclampsia) were treated in KCMC during the period under review together with 54 cases of eclampsia. There were 5 deaths among the patients with eclampsia, a mortality of 9%. In addition to the 11 sepsis deaths there were 3 others included among the cases of ruptured uterus. There were 4 cases of septic abortion and 3 of those admitted to criminal interference. Preexisting anemia was a complicating factor in 5 cases, all of whom died within 15 minutes of arrival. There were 4 deaths among 251 cases of ruptured ectopic pregnancy. There were 10 deaths associated with cesarean section among 1271 sections peformed during the period under review. Deaths from associated diseases included the following: enterocolitis (12 deaths); renal and hypertensive disease (4 deaths); cardiac disease (2 deaths); anemia (2 deaths); malaria (2 deaths); tuberculous meningitis (2 deaths); and miscellaneous associated conditions (11 deaths).
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PMID:Maternal deaths in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania. 47 24

Very significant morbidity and mortality continue to accompany lower extremity amputations. In this study 90 patients underwent 110 amputations over a 4 year period. The overall complication rate was 40 per cent and the overall mortality rate 12.2 per cent. The patients at greatest risk were the above knee amputees greater than 60 years of age with peripheral vascular disease. Amputation of the lower extremity must be recognized as a major, life-threatening procedure. Careful preoperative evaluation of cardiac, pulmonary, and nutritional status along with efforts to prevent sepsis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, gastrointestinal ulceration, and renal failure are necessary if the mortality accompanying these procedures is to be reduced.
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PMID:Lower extremity amputation: review of 110 cases. 50 12

In the period 1953 - 1977 there were 223 maternal deaths among 291 800 patients delivered in hospitals under the aegis of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Cape Town. A sudden decrease in the maternal mortality rate to below 100/100,000 deliveries occurred in 1956, largely due to the greater use of the obstetric 'flying squad'. Since 1975 maternal mortality rates have been available for the various ethnic groups. For the period 1975 - 1977 the rates were 69/100,000 for Blacks, 40/100,000 for Coloureds and 27/100000 for Whites. Of the deaths, 48% occurred in women aged 21 - 30 years and 29% in those aged 35 years or more. While 28% of deaths were associated with the first pregnancy, grand multiparity (parity 5 or more) accounted for 39%. Nearly half of the patients who died were unbooked. The 7 commonest causes (grouped) of maternal deaths (obstetric as well as non-obstetric) were, in rank order: proteinuric hypertension, haemorrhage, cardiac disease, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, trauma and anaesthetic complications. Proteinuric hypertension is the most important obstetric problem in Cape Town, in terms of numbers of patients, maternal and perinatal deaths, and socio-economic implications for the community. Slightly more than 33% of the infants whose mothers died also succumbed. Major avoidable factors associated with maternal deaths were booking status, grand multiparity, cardiac disease and late or incorrect use of the 'flying squad'.
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PMID:Trends in maternal mortality in Cape Town, 1953-1977. 55 Mar 98

During the period 1957 - 1977 there were 421 deaths recorded in the gynaecological wards of Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. Nearly 50% of the patients were Coloureds, 25% were Whites, and 14% were Blacks; in 14% the ethnic group was not stated. Seventy-four per cent were more than 40 years and 25% were more than 70 years of age. The causes of death in order of frequency were: malignant disease of the cervix (30%), malignant disease of the ovary (17%), incomplete abortion (15%), non-gynaecological conditions (11%), malignant disease of the corpus uteri (8%), intra-abdominal malignancy (6%), pulmonary embolism (3%), sepsis not associated with abortion (3%), malignant disease of the vulva (2%), and other conditions (5%). The six commonest causes of death varied in the three ethnic groups.
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PMID:Deaths in gynaecological wards at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, 1957 - 1977. 55 Mar 99

A urinary tract infection with possible septicemia and endocarditis developed in a 36-year-old man. The illness was complicated by pulmonary embolism, thrombocytopenia, hematemesis, hepatic dysfunction, paralytic ileus and accelerated hypertension. The latter finding suggested pheochromocytoma. Treatment with antibiotics and phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride was associated with notable clinical improvement. A chromaffin cell tumor was surgically removed above the lift kidney. Conclusively, a pheochromocytoma may mimic and be present in association with infection.
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PMID:Infection and pheochromocytoma. 57 92

Detailed analysis of the clinical data and autopsy material of 100 consecutive renal transplant recipients revealed significant thromboembolic disease in 25 patients and a total of 41 complications. In six of them, thromboembolism was associated with sepsis. Nine patients died (20% of total number of deaths) due to a primary thromboembolic event. The incidence of pulmonary embolism was 14%; myocardial infarction, 3%; cerebrovascular disease, 4%; renal artery thrombosis, 2%; renal vein thrombosis, 3%; thrombophlebitis/deep vein thrombosis, 13%; and miscellaneous, 2%. The incidence of thromboembolism was higher in patients older than 40 years of age (P = .02) and during the earlier months after transplantation. We summarize the general incidence and mortality related to thromboembolism and discuss the factors predisposing the graft recipient to thromboembolic disease. Prevention and therapy of this complication should decrease the morbidity and mortality in graft recipients and enhance the success of renal transplantation.
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PMID:Thromboembolic disease in renal allograft recipients. What is its clinical significance? 78 76


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