Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an immunologically mediated pulmonary disorder in which activated alveolar macrophages (AM) and neutrophils play cardinal roles in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory lung lesion. The factors responsible for the induction and perpetuation of the neutrophilic alveolitis are not known. Recently, a novel cytokine (Interleukin-8) was described that is released by activated mononuclear phagocytes and a variety of other cell types, and it exhibits potent chemotactic activity for polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Increased expression of IL-8 has been described in other inflammatory disorders characterized by neutrophilic infiltration, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and the sepsis syndrome, but no studies have assessed this cytokine in the context of interstitial pulmonary disorders. We have previously shown that normal human AM release IL-8 upon appropriate stimulation, but data assessing the expression of IL-8 by human AM in specific pulmonary disease states are lacking. In this study, we examined the expression of steady-state mRNA for IL-8 by human alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or sarcoidosis and from healthy volunteers. Because it is known that adherence to plastic culture plates may up-regulate gene expression for IL-8 in the absence of additional stimulation, we extracted mRNA immediately from the cell pellet obtained by BAL rather than using cultured alveolar macrophage monolayers. Northern blot analysis was performed to determine IL-8 mRNA expression. We found that BAL cells from patients with IPF constitutively expressed mRNA for IL-8, and the amount of IL-8 mRNA (as assessed by laser densitometry) correlated with the percent of neutrophils on BAL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Neutrophilic alveolitis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The role of interleukin-8. 159 15

The cases of three HIV-positive men with generalized psoriasis and staphylococcal sepsis are reported. In each case the skin appeared to be the source of infection. While the patients received antibiotic therapy, the psoriatic plaques resolved despite minimal or no topical treatment.
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PMID:Staphylococcal sepsis in HIV antibody seropositive psoriasis patients. 186 86

Patients with progressive psoriasis have an increased infection rate when having total joint arthroplasty. Therefore, maximum precautions should be taken in the perioperative period as well as with long-term follow-up care to prevent joint sepsis in these patients. In particular, skin care should be meticulous. Special attention should be given to use of a topical corticosteroid or other dermatologic treatment when total joint arthroplasty is considered.
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PMID:Total knee arthroplasty in patients with psoriasis. 280 66

We report on the case of a 33 year old woman with acute tetraparesis and radiological evidence of atlantoaxial dislocation who had to undergo several attempts at osteosynthetic stabilisation of the cervical spine. She was afflicted with a spastic walk since the early years of childhood which had been explained by encephalitis after umbilical sepsis. The etiology of this severe and grave cervical instability however was found in a very rare congenital developmental disturbance of the occipitocervical passage with dystope os odontoid, extreme hypoplasia of the dens axis and additionally an osseous link between left processus transversus atlantis and occiput. Diagnostic problems arose from a simultaneous psoriasis, because a psoriatic cervical spondylitis seemed possible.
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PMID:[Unusual coincidence of dens aplasia and atlas malformation with early childhood spastic tetraparesis. Case report on the differential diagnosis of inflammatory atlantoaxial dislocation]. 405 Jan 52

A retrospective study of 38 patients with established psoriasis treated by 55 Charnley low-friction arthroplasties showed a superficial infection rate of 9.1% and a deep infection rate of 5.5%. All of the operations were carried out in the Charnley clean-air enclosure, without prophylactic antibiotic therapy. The incidence of postoperative sepsis in psoriatic patients was significantly higher than in patients with osteoarthritis (p less than 0.001) and rheumatoid arthritis (p less than 0.05). Hence, prophylactic antibiotic therapy appears beneficial in psoriatic patients.
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PMID:Charnley low-friction arthroplasty in patients with psoriasis. 685 15

In the past decade it has become apparent that many diseases result from aberrations in signaling pathways. These include proliferative diseases such as cancers, atherosclerosis and psoriasis and inflammatory conditions such as sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis and tissue rejection. These findings refocused the research of the medical community to seek new modalities for disease management which essentially consist of designing drugs which intercept cell signaling. In this review, the emerging success in using tyrosine kinase blockers and other signal interceptors, such as protein kinase C blockers, Ras blockers, Ca2+ signaling inhibitors and estrogen antagonists which inhibit growth of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, will be discussed. These signal interceptors, especially tyrosine-kinase blockers, are also able to block inflammatory responses and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and psoriatic keratinocytes. The utility of signal interceptors in analyzing signal-transduction pathways is also discussed.
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PMID:Signal-transduction therapy. A novel approach to disease management. 795 36

Analysis of the synovial fluid is the major investigation of monoarthritis. Appearance, viscosity (low if inflamed), cell number and differential, presence of crystals or organisms are all relevant. If septic arthritis is suspected, culture of other sites such as blood, urine, sputum etc. is essential, and may alone yield the organism. If mycobacterium is possible, synovial membrane staining and culture is usually necessary. Gonococcal may be lost in culture if the specimen is not immediately processed. Partially treated sepsis may produce sterile culture, and early work suggests that P.C.R. may diagnose these cases. Other investigations such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein indicate inflammatory activity, though they are not specific. Antibodies such as antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factors lead towards an "autoimmune" disease diagnosis, that do not alone measure activity. Specific antibodies to virus e.g. parvovirus may be diagnostic. The monoarthritis must be seen in the total patient context, where often clues e.g., asymptomatic uveitis (in juvenile chronic arthritis) and psoriasis may give the diagnosis.
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PMID:[Laboratory diagnosis of monarthritis: how much, what for, when?]. 850 31

Severe morbidity and mortality may be associated with erythrodermic psoriasis, especially when complicated by septicemia. We describe five patients with erythrodermic psoriasis complicated by staphylococcal septicemia. In two, concurrent infection with HIV increased vulnerability to bacteremia.
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PMID:Infectious complications of erythrodermic psoriasis. 862 27

Group II PLA2 has been implicated in inflammatory processes in both man and other animals and has been shown to be involved in inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis and sepsis. Transgenic mice expressing the human group II PLA2 gene have been generated using a 6.2-kb genomic fragment. These mice express the group II PLA2 gene abundantly in liver, lung, kidney, and skin, and have serum PLA2 activity levels approximately eightfold higher than nontransgenic littermates. The group II PLA2 transgenic mice reported here exhibit epidermal and adnexal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, and almost total alopecia. The chronic epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis seen in these mice is similar to that seen in a variety of dermatopathies, including psoriasis. However, unlike what is seen with these dermatopathies, no significant inflammatory-cell influx was observed in the skin of these animals, or in any other tissue examined. These mice provide an important tool for examining group II PLA2 expression, and for determining the role of group II PLA2 in normal and disease physiology. They serve as an in vivo model for identifying inhibitors of group II PLA2 activity and gene expression.
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PMID:Expression of human group II PLA2 in transgenic mice results in epidermal hyperplasia in the absence of inflammatory infiltrate. 863 92

Pustular psoriasis and erythrodermic psoriasis are generally less stable, more challenging to treat, and more severe for the patient than classical plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris. The risk for systemic infection and overwhelming sepsis in these forms of psoriasis emphasizes the potential life-threatening impact of psoriasis. Careful attention to management strategies enables the astute clinician to help the patient improve, despite the challenges these difficult forms of psoriasis present.
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PMID:Pustular and erythrodermic psoriasis. 878 81


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