Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cefoperazone was given to 33 surgical patients who had bacterial infections. A dose of 1 to 2 g bid was administered intravenously for an average of 8.2 days. The overall satisfactory response rate (which includes excellent and good responses) was 79%: 83% in 18 cases of peritonitis and/or intra-abdominal abscesses. 75% in 8 cases of hepatobiliary infections: 100% in 5 cases of skin and soft tissue infections; and 0 in 2 cases of sepsis. The satisfactory response rates according to the isolated organisms were: 11 of 15 Escherichia coli, 15 of 18 streptococci (including 4 of 6 enterococci) 3 of 6 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 3 of 4 staphylococci 2 of 3 Proteus species, and 3 of 3 Klebsiella pneumoniae. No side effects were observed and there were no abnormal laboratory findings.
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PMID:Clinical studies with cefoperazone in the treatment of bacterial infections in surgical practice. 645 96

A new semisynthetic 1-oxa-beta-lactam derivative, 6059-S, was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in children. Twenty-five patients were treated with 10 to 274 mg/kg per day of 6059-S by intravenous administrations. The diagnosis of the patients were acute pharyngitis (2), acute bronchitis (2), pneumonia (4), pertussis (4), acute enterocolitis (2), recurrent urinary tract infection (2), suspected septicemia (3), and acute purulent meningitis (1); and the remaining 5 patients were considered to have nonbacterial infections. The pathogens recovered were Streptococcus pneumoniae (1), Haemophilus influenzae (4), Haemophilus parainfluenzae (1), Enterobacter cloacae (1), Enterobacter aerogenes (1), Proteus morganii (1), Psuedomonas aeruginosa (2) and Salmonella typhimurium (1). All the patients of bacterial infections were cured after the 6059-S therapy. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium were not eradicated after the 6059-S therapy, and the rate of bacterial disappearance was 75%. Diarrhea (3), precordial pain (2, only in cases with high-dose therapy), transient elevation of GOT and GPT (2), and transient eosinophilia (2) were found to be associated with the 6059-S therapy. However, no severe adverse reactions were encountered. Half life of the serum 6059-S level was 1.34 +/- 0.16 hours. CSF concentrations in a case with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis ranged 4.0 to 9.7 mcg/ml after an intravenous injection of 34.3 to 75 mg/kg of 6059-S. From the present study, 6059-S appears to be a safe and effective antibiotic when used in children with susceptible bacterial infections. It remains to be further determined whether 6059-S is superior to ABPC in the treatment of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of 6059-S therapy in children (author's transl)]. 645 68

We report the results of a prospective audit of the rates of postoperative infection in patients having operations for inflammatory bowel disease. Apart from a single prospective controlled trial, all other groups have been studied sequentially using the original placebo control group for comparison. The rate of abdominal wound sepsis when no antibiotic was used was 37 per cent. This was reduced to 23.3 per cent with 24-hour cover using metronidazole and gentamicin. However, only after prolonged use of metronidazole and gentamicin for five days was there a significant reduction in abdominal wound infections to 13.3 per cent. Prophylaxis, using 24-hour cover with metronidazole combined with five-day therapy with mezlocillin, achieved an abdominal wound infection rate of 15.6 per cent. The most recent group of patients studied have received 24-hour cover with metronidazole and five-day exposure to latamoxef. In the last group the rate of abdominal wound infections was only 13.5 per cent and serious postoperative bleeding was recorded in eight patients (15 per cent) compared with serious bleeding is only three of the remaining 129 patients (2.3 per cent). The only patients in whom streptococcal isolates were eliminated were those receiving metronidazole and mezlocillin. The majority of infections was due to antibiotic-sensitive strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus, and Staphylococcus species.
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PMID:Audit of sepsis in operations for inflammatory bowel disease. 646 1

Between the years 1981 and 1983 we treated with Ceftriaxone (Cx) 34 children--aged 15 days to 13 years--affected with serious infections: 18 infections of lower respiratory tract, 1 sepsis caused by E. Coli, 1 meningitis with cloudy cerebrospinal fluid, 1 submandibular adenitis with otitis, 1 otitis, 12 infections of the urinary tract caused by Proteus mirabilis, E. Coli, Klebsiella oxitocica and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Whenever bacteria were isolated by cultures, sensibility in vitro to Cx was tested. Cx was given i.m. or i.v. at a dose ranging from 50 to 135 mg/Kg/die according to the age and the seriousness of the infections; in 17 children Cx was administered once daily, in the other patients in two divided doses. The following laboratory measurements were obtained before, during and after treatment: complete blood cell count, platelet count, total bilirubin, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase and urinalysis. Patients were also monitored daily for clinical signs and symptoms such as fever, general conditions, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure. Twenty children showed a good clinical response (1 sepsis, 1 otitis, 1 adenitis, 1 meningitis, 12 infections of the urinary tract, 4 infections of the lower respiratory tract); urine sterilization was achieved after three days of therapy in all patients with infections of the urinary tract. Remarkable clinical and radiological improvement in 9 patients with infections of lower respiratory tract was observed while in only 4 children with bronchopneumonia therapy was ineffective although the dosage of Cx was adeguate; in these patients a further antibiotic treatment was necessary for a complete recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerance of ceftriaxone in childhood]. 654 91

The patients immuno-activity has a well-known importance for the outcome of postoperative complications. The authors evaluated the immuno-activity of 95 patients before selective, radical colorectal surgery: 1) 40% of the patients were anergic compared to healthy controls. 2) The incidence of wound infections was significantly higher in the anergic groups than in normal or hyperergic ones. 3) 25% and 50% decrease in wound sepsis has been observed in anergic and normal or hyperergic groups respectively after vaccination 7 to 10 days before operation with vaccine made of E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas strains. The difference indicates the lowered immuno-reactivity on anergic patients.
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PMID:[Relationship of immunological status to infections complicating surgery of the large intestine]. 664 72

We report on a boy with ureteroceles that obstructed the bladder outlet and ureters, who presented with sepsis and hyperammonemia despite normal liver function. The hyperammonemia was most likely caused by excessive absorption of ammonia produced by Proteus mirabilis in the obstructed urinary tract.
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PMID:Hyperammonemia in a boy with obstructive ureterocele and proteus infection. 669 67

76 children were treated with clindamycin at a dosage of 40 mg/kg/day for postsurgical wound infections, sepsis, phlegmon, peritonitis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, mediastinitis, pyoderma and urinary tract infections. Frequency distribution of individual infectious agents: Staphylococci, 94,7%; Streptococci, 59,2%; Pneumococci, 5,3%; Enteroccocci, 25%; Escherichia coli, 10,5%; Pseudomonas, 14,5%; Proteus, 7,9%; Bacteroides, 6,6%; Clostridia, 7,9%. Therapy was successful in 83% of cases. Results were poor in 2 children treated for phlegmona, one case of mediastinitis and one of urinary tract infection, since organisms were predominantly gram-negative.
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PMID:[Acute infections in pediatric surgery. Clinical experience with clindamycin (author's transl)]. 677 33

We established a human burn isolate of Proteus mirabilis as an experimental pathogen. Infliction of a nonfatal scald injury (30%) rendered rats highly susceptible to lethal surface infection with this isolate. Dose-response experiments indicated that the lethal inoculation dose (50%) was less than 10(3) organisms per square centimeter. Histopathologically, surface colonization was followed by progressive growth with subsequent invasion of viable tissue. The invasion was not characterized by the perivascular or perineural lesions observed in experimental Pseudomonas burn sepsis. Bacteriologic examinations showed moribund animals to be bacteremic with the test strain and to have wound biopsy counts exceeding 10(6) organisms per gram of tissue. The role of bacterial motility as a virulence factor in this surface infection was investigated. Substrains selected for loss of subsurface spreading in soft agar lost virulence. This model of burn infection with a member of the Enterobacteriaceae should be used to evaluate topical and parenteral antimicrobial agents needed for the control of wound infections caused by such agents.
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PMID:Experimental Proteus mirabilis burn surface infection. 703 79

Carbenicillin and ticarcillin are penicillins which were initially developed as agents to treat serious Pseudomonas infections in the seriously ill hospitalized patient. These drugs have made a major contribution to improved survival in the neutropenic patients with Pseudomonas infection, the burn patient and to the care of the patient with cystic fibrosis. Areas of use for the compounds have enlarged to include aspiration pneumonitis in hospitalized patients, intra-abdominal and pelvic sepsis, and infections due to Proteus and Enterobacter species. Careful attention to the pharmacology of the agents is necessary to achieve clinical and bacteriologic success and to avoid the toxic side-effects such as bleeding and hypokalemia associated with the use of these agents. A decade of use has shown that the agents have remained effective agents in institutions in which their use has not been abused. It is too early to clearly position azlocillin, mezlocillin, and piperacillin. In the next few years the role of these potent compounds will be established. As noted in this review, these three agents have been used with success to treat all of the aforementioned infections. With these drugs it is also essential that the physician closely correlate in vitro data and the human pharmacology of the drugs if he or she wishes to achieve the most effective response from the agents.
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PMID:Carbenicillin and ticarcillin. 703 41

Ceftezole (CTZ) was administered to 20 patients with hematopoietic malignancy complicated with infections. These patients consisted of 7 cases of AML, 2 ALL, 2 AMMoL, 1 APL, 1 blast crisis of CML, 2 HD, and 5 NHL. In 13 cases, sites of infection were determined and causative organisms were identified. In other 7 cases, sites of infection or causative organisms were unknown. In the former 13 cases, pneumonia was demonstrated in 6 patients, tonsillitis in 4 patients, pyelonephritis in 2 patients and sepsis in 1 patient. Klebsiella was separated from 5 patients as the causative organisms, E. coli from 2 patients, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 1 patient, Pseudomonas cepacia from 1 patient, Streptococcus viridans from 2 patients, Proteus from 1 patient and Torulopsis from 1 patient. Gram-negative rods were separated from 10 of the 13 cases (77%) as the causative organisms. CTZ was administered intravenously in dose from 4 g to 16 g per day combined with other antibiotics (AMK, GM, DKB, TOB, SBPC, CBPC, LC, ST). The response rate in 12 cases of acute leukemia and in 7 cases of malignant lymphoma was 58% and 43%, respectively. Infections occurred in 4 patients with less than 100 neutrophil per mm3 did never favorably responded even with CTZ.
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PMID:[Treatment of infection in the patients wih hematopoietic malignancy with ceftezole (Falomesin) (author's transl)]. 721 16


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